Biogas Potential of Co-Substrates in Balinese Biogas Plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 493 ◽  
pp. 262-266
Author(s):  
Daniel Nett ◽  
I. Nyoman Suprapta Winaya ◽  
I. Made Agus Putrawan ◽  
Rolf Wartmann ◽  
Werner Edelmann
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Ph Measurement ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Set Up

This research aims to give an overview on how to improve the biogas yeild in Balinese digester plants using various co-substrates which are available in Bali. A series testing on the digestibility of substrates were set up either in the field or in the biogas laboratory. In-field analyses like testing the CO2-content and taking samples from digested manure were undertaken. Analyses such as dry matter (DM) and organic dry matter (oDM) determination, pH measurement and FOS/TAC were handled in the biogas laboratory. The huge number of different fruits in Bali gives a good opportunity to use their wastes like Durian hulls and Banana peelings, which can not be used anymore, as co-substrates in biogas plants. The results of these investigations allow to estimate the additional biogas yield, when adding co-substrates to a cow manure biogas plant.

scholarly journals Assessment of Waste to Energy Potential in the Central Zone of Afghanistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 142-148
Author(s):  
Abdul Ghani Noori ◽  
Agha Mohammad Fazli
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Biogas Energy

The central zone of Afghanistan has enough cattle to be considered for generating biogas. The cattle population in the zone was 634,524, 647,229 and 633,362 heads in 2012-13, 2014-15 and 2016-17, respectively. As a result of field experiments, the fresh manure generation of cattle in the zone is 19 kg head-1 day-1, fraction recoverable of the generated cattle manure is 80% and the proportion of dry matter of the manure is 23.7%. Based on these manure parameters, about 834,320, 851,026 and 832,792 tons of dry matter recoverable could be generated in the mentioned three years, respectively. By using a biogas digester, this dry matter recoverable could be enough for generating about 86,769,319, 88,506,691 and 86,610,419 m3 of biogas in 2012-13, 2014-15 and 2016-17, respectively. The amount of generated biogas is equivalent of 1,735, 1,770 and 1,732 TJ of energy in the mentioned years, respectively. In the case study of Kabul province, it was found that till now biogas plants are not constructed in the zone. For financial evaluation of biogas utilization, a dairy of 24 cattle was selected. It was determined that the manure from 24 cattle can generate about 9 m3 per day (3,285 m3 per year) of biogas in a 24 m3 DSAC-Model biogas digester. By comparing biogas energy value from the equivalent energy of LPG, biogas has value of 66,521.25 Afg per year (978 USD per year). By considering the requirements of cooking and lighting of a family of 8 members, the generated biogas (9 m3/day) in the mentioned dairy farm can be enough for two families. Considering the situation of the zone DSAC-Model biogas plant was considered suitable among various types of it. The techno-financial analyze result was quite attractive. For this case, the NPV was 2,664.6 USD, B/C 2.37, IRR was 33% and the discounted payback period (PP) was 4.09 years (4 years and about one month). As all these financial indicators are in the acceptable range, therefore the biogas generation with DSAC-Model biogas plant in the central zone of Afghanistan is beneficent.

scholarly journals Assessment of Areal Methane Yields from Energy Crops in Ukraine, Best Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 4431
Author(s):  
Ievgeniia Morozova ◽  
Hans Oechsner ◽  
Mykola Roik ◽  
Benedikt Hülsemann ◽  
Andreas Lemmer
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Miscanthus Giganteus ◽  
Yield Test ◽  
Biogas Plants

Growing and utilizing bioenergy crops as feeding substrates in biogas plants may aid the development of the biogas sector in Ukraine. Therefore, research was done on potential methane yields from 22 high-yield varieties of 7 different crops grown in Ukraine for their biogas production suitability. Annual crops (maize, soybean, sweet sorghum and sorghum hybrids) and perennials (miscanthus, paulownia and switchgrass) harvested at three different harvesting times (H1, H2 and H3) related to specific stages of phenological development were investigated. The perennial crops studied were from different vegetation years. The samples were analysed in Ukraine on their dry matter- and volatile solids contents, dry matter yield (DMY) and crop nitrogen (N) uptake. The 55 °C -dried samples were delivered to Germany for their analysis with the Hohenheim Biogas Yield Test (HBT) on their specific methane yield (SMY). Based on DMY and SMY, the areal methane yields (AMY) were calculated. The highest SMY and AMY were found for maize, sweet sorghum and miscanthus. The highest average SMY of 0.35 ± 0.03 m3CH4 kgVS−1 was found for maize samples harvested at H2. Miscanthus “Giganteus” from the 8th vegetation year harvested at H1 has shown the highest AMY of 7404.50 ± 199.00 m3CH4 ha−1.

scholarly journals Production of biogas from cattle waste at low temperature

2019 ◽  
pp. 639-644
Author(s):  
T. Y. Yeole ◽  
N.S. Deshmukh ◽  
K.L. Lapsiya ◽  
D.R. Ranade
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Cattle Dung ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Biogas Plants

Production of Bio gas from cattle waste and other biomass is now considered as one of the majorroutes to obtain gaseous fuel for sustainable development. In tropical countries like Indiathousands of rural families in villages are using 3 to 5 M3 biogas plants to suffice their dailycooking fuel need. All these plants are run on cattle waste. Since these plants are operated atambient temperatures, effect of temperature variation affects daily gas yield. The effect becomesvery prominent during winter season. In general about 50-60% reduction in daily biogas yield isobserved when ambient temperature is around l 5°C as compared to that produced at around 30-350C. A low cost and simple to operate technique to enhance biogas yield from the biogas plantduring winter season shall help to get optimum biogas yield from these plants during the winterseason. We thought of a simple technique of filtering the digested effluent slurry of biogas plantthrough a triple layer muslin cloth to obtain a filtrate, hence-forth called as clarified digestedslurry (CDS), rich in cell mass and then adding it back to the biogas plant along with the influentslurry. Experiments were carried out on 25 L capacity cattle dung biogas plant operated at 15°Cto see effect of recirculation of CDS. Addition of 25 and 40% v/v CDS in daily influent resultedin 15% and 37% increase in daily biogas yield. Recirculation of 40% v/v CDS supplementedwith Diammonium phosphate(DAP) increased the biogas yield by 75% v/v. In anotherexperiment use of clarified rumen fluid (CRF) to prepare influent slurry and added exclusivelyfor one day enhanced the daily biogas yield by 70% v/v for a period of two months. Popular dailywears in India called cotton dhoti or cotton sari can be used for the filtration of the slurry.

scholarly journals Analysis of the operation of pumps when used in biogas plants

2019 ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
A. Skliar ◽  
R. Skliar
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Biogas Plants

Purpose. Analyze the operation of pumps when used in biogas plants and the features of their use. Provide guidance on the use of different types of pumps, their advantages and disadvantages, and features of maintenance. Methods. In the analysis of different types of pumps the methods of system and comparative analysis, scientific generalizations and method of argumentation are used. Results. The article analyzes existing pump designs for pumping manure (substrate). The comparative characteristics of the following pumps, which are most commonly used in biogas plants, are given: centrifugal, eccentric auger and rotary piston. As a result of the analysis the characteristics of their application, advantages and disadvantages, variants of structures and features of maintenance were obtained. Conclusions. The choice of suitable pumps according to the capacity and characteristics depends largely on the substrates used, their degree of preparation and/or dry matter content. An analysis of existing designs has shown that the use of plunger pumps (especially rotary ones) has many advantages over centrifugal ones: the ability to work with viscous substrates, self-priming and more pressure stable, suitable for substrate dosing, easy to maintain. Keywords: pump, biogas plant, methane tank, substrate, sludge, dry matter, manure.

scholarly journals Designing a Biogas Plant for an Educational and Scientific Livestock Complex

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina V. Miroshnichenko ◽  
Nadiia V. Nikulina
Keyword(s):  
Reference Data ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Sheep Manure ◽  
Yield Test ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Plant Parameter ◽  
Rabbit Manure

To design biogas plants, it is necessary to have accurate data about the properties and biogas productivity of the available substrates. Reference data should not be used because the performance of the same substrate can vary significantly. In this research,chicken, horse, sheep and rabbit manure from one of the farms inthe Belgorod region of Russia were analyzed, and the parameters of a biogas station for the processing of this raw material were calculated.The biogas yield of the substrates was determined using the Hohenheim Biogas Yield Test. It was found that the specific biogas yield from the droppings of broilers, laying hens, rabbits, sheep, and horses, and from corn silage were, respectively, 456, 363, 390, 189, 116 and 618 ml/g оDM. The methane content in the biogas was 58.00, 58.50, 57.00, 62.00, 65.00 and 53.60%, respectively. In most cases, the obtained results differed significantly from the data presented in publications of other researchers and reference books.The biogas plant parameter calculations were made according to generally accepted equations, taking into account the characteristics of the studied substrates. Based on the results, it can be concluded that to dispose of the animal excrement of this farm, it is necessary to build a biogas plant with a bioreactor of volume 102.2 m3 and an engine with a power of 12 to 31 kW. The planned output of electric and thermal energy would be 246.19 and 410.27 kWh/day, respectively. Keywords: Hohenheim Biogas Yield Test, rabbit manure, horse dung, sheep manure, chicken droppings, biogas yield of substrates

scholarly journals Empirical Validation of a Biogas Plant Simulation Model and Analysis of Biogas Upgrading Potentials

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2424
Author(s):  
Jan Martin Zepter ◽  
Jan Engelhardt ◽  
Tatiana Gabderakhmanova ◽  
Mattia Marinelli
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biogas Upgrading ◽  
Integrated Energy Systems ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Plant Simulation ◽  
Kinetics Of

Biogas plants may support the transformation towards renewable-based and integrated energy systems by providing dispatchable co-generation as well as opportunities for biogas upgrading or power-to-X conversion. In this paper, a simulation model that comprises the main dynamics of the internal processes of a biogas plant is developed. Based on first-order kinetics of the anaerobic digestion process, the biogas production of an input feeding schedule of raw material can be estimated. The output of the plant in terms of electrical and thermal energy is validated against empirical data from a 3-MW biogas plant on the Danish island of Bornholm. The results show that the model provides an accurate representation of the processes within a biogas plant. The paper further provides insights on the functioning of the biogas plant on Bornholm as well as discusses upgrading potentials of biogas to biomethane at the plant from an energy perspective.

An Economic Alternative to Replacing Centralized Gas Supply with Autonomous Biogas Facilities in Russian Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-612
Author(s):  
G. S. Chebotareva ◽  
◽  
A. A. Dvinayninov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Gas Supply ◽  
Climatic Features

The main trend in energy development is to increase energy efficiency by reducing the use of limited natural resources, the spread of renewable energy, and reducing the negative impact on the environment. An effective response to these challenges is the use of biogas plants that produce clean energy and solve the environmental problems of waste disposal and recycling. The purpose of the article is to assess the economic efficiency of replacing district gas supply with autonomous biogas plants in public utilities. A hypothesis has been put forward that the feasibility of using such technologies depends on climatic features and the specific provisions of state regulation of prices and gas consumption rates. A cost approach was applied that assesses the overall structure of equipment costs, as well as a comparative assessment method according to the principle “with / without a biogas plant”, and a scenario analysis, the criterion of which is the size of the family owning the plant. An auxiliary method for forecasting retail and economically justified prices for natural gas for the population was used. The object of calculations is the “HomeBiogas” installation intended for home use. Three Russian cities were chosen as territorial subjects: Yekaterinburg, Irkutsk and Krasnodar. The cities which differ significantly in their natural characteristics and approaches to the formation of retail gas prices. It has been proved that although the average monthly temperatures differ significantly in the cities considered, none of them has a constant temperature exceeding the required standard value of 17°C. In each case, the initial capital investment is driven up by the cost of installing additional insulation and heating systems. This equalizes the costs of warmer and colder areas. Therefore, the climatic features of cities are not significant and do not affect the economic efficiency of using a biogas plant. In turn, state regulation of prices and norms of gas consumption by the population is of decisive importance. The findings are of theoretical and practical importance. The methodology can be applied to assess the efficiency of using biogas plants in industry and gasification projects in the remote areas of Russia.

Operational results of an agricultural biogas plant equipped with modern instrumentation and automation

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 803-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wiese ◽  
O. Kujawski
Keyword(s):  
Energy Crops ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Modern Instrumentation

Agricultural biogas plants based on energy crops gain more and more importance because of numerous energetic, environmental and agricultural benefits. In contrast to older biogas plants, the newest generation of biogas plants is equipped with modern ICA equipment and reliable machines/engines. In this paper, the authors present technical details and operational results of a modern full-scale agricultural biogas plant using energy crops.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Eco-Efficiency of Two Alternative Agricultural Biogas Plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Muradin ◽  
Katarzyna Joachimiak-Lechman ◽  
Zenon Foltynowicz
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Biogas Plants

Implementation of the circular economy is one of the priorities of the European Union, and energy efficiency is one of its pillars. This article discusses an effective use of agri-food industry waste for the purposes of waste-to-energy in biogas plants. Its basic objective is the comparative assessment of the eco-efficiency of biogas production depending on the type of feedstock used, its transport and possibility to use generated heat. The environmental impact of the analysed installations was assessed with the application of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. Cost calculation was performed using the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) method. The LCA analysis indicated that a biogas plant with a lower level of waste heat use where substrates were delivered by wheeled transport has a negative impact on the environment. The structure of distributed energy production cost indicates a substantial share of feedstock supply costs in the total value of the LCOE ratio. Thus, the factor affecting the achievement of high eco-efficiency is the location of a biogas plant in the vicinity of an agri-food processing plant, from which the basic feedstock for biogas production is supplied with the transmission pipeline, whereas heat is transferred for the needs of production processes in a processing plant or farm.

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