Numerical Study on Heat Exchange Characteristics of Runways with Snow-Melting System Using Geothermal Sources

2014 ◽  
Vol 509 ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Cui ◽  
Yu Peng Liang ◽  
Yong Hui Guo ◽  
Xue Bin Zhao ◽  
Si Yue Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Phase Interface ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Coupling Model ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Snow Melting ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Selection Of

In this paper, a wall-soil-snow coupling model was established and the mechanism to heat melting system was analyzed. The temperature field and the phase interface moving rule in the process of melting snow were obtained.The selection of system parameters (ambient conditions, diameter, buried depth, pipeline pitch) were studied as well. These results have important reference value for design and optimization of heat source snow-melting system.

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
Divya Saxena ◽  
Jiannong Cao
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Generative Models ◽  
Generative Adversarial Networks ◽  
Network Architectures ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Adversarial Networks ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Selection Of

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) is a novel class of deep generative models that has recently gained significant attention. GANs learn complex and high-dimensional distributions implicitly over images, audio, and data. However, there exist major challenges in training of GANs, i.e., mode collapse, non-convergence, and instability, due to inappropriate design of network architectre, use of objective function, and selection of optimization algorithm. Recently, to address these challenges, several solutions for better design and optimization of GANs have been investigated based on techniques of re-engineered network architectures, new objective functions, and alternative optimization algorithms. To the best of our knowledge, there is no existing survey that has particularly focused on the broad and systematic developments of these solutions. In this study, we perform a comprehensive survey of the advancements in GANs design and optimization solutions proposed to handle GANs challenges. We first identify key research issues within each design and optimization technique and then propose a new taxonomy to structure solutions by key research issues. In accordance with the taxonomy, we provide a detailed discussion on different GANs variants proposed within each solution and their relationships. Finally, based on the insights gained, we present promising research directions in this rapidly growing field.

Numerical study of the flow over the modified simple frigate shape

2020 ◽  
pp. 095441002097775
Author(s):  
Tong Li ◽  
Yibin Wang ◽  
Ning Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Bluff Body ◽  
Recirculation Zone ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Flow Fields ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Detached Eddy Simulation ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation ◽  
Simulation Results

The simple frigate shape (SFS) as defined by The Technical Co-operative Program (TTCP), is a simplified model of the frigate, which helps to investigate the basic flow fields of a frigate. In this paper, the flow fields of the different modified SFS models, consisting of a bluff body superstructure and the deck, were numerically studied. A parametric study was conducted by varying both the superstructure length L and width B to investigate the recirculation zone behind the hangar. The size and the position of the recirculation zones were compared between different models. The numerical simulation results show that the size and the location of the recirculation zone are significantly affected by the superstructure length and width. The results obtained by Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes method were also compared well with both the time averaged Improved Delayed Detached-Eddy Simulation results and the experimental data. In addition, by varying the model size and inflow velocity, various flow fields were numerically studied, which indicated that the changing of Reynolds number has tiny effect on the variation of the dimensionless size of the recirculation zone. The results in this study have certain reference value for the design of the frigate superstructure.

Mechanism of the Transition From In-Plane Buckling to Helical Buckling for a Stiff Nanowire on an Elastomeric Substrate

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youlong Chen ◽  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Yilun Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stretchable Electronics ◽  
Buckling Mode ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Plane Direction ◽  
Plane Displacement ◽  
Helical Buckling ◽  
Selection Of

In this work, the compressive buckling of a nanowire partially bonded to an elastomeric substrate is studied via finite-element method (FEM) simulations and experiments. The buckling profile of the nanowire can be divided into three regimes, i.e., the in-plane buckling, the disordered buckling in the out-of-plane direction, and the helical buckling, depending on the constraint density between the nanowire and the substrate. The selection of the buckling mode depends on the ratio d/h, where d is the distance between adjacent constraint points and h is the helical buckling spacing of a perfectly bonded nanowire. For d/h > 0.5, buckling is in-plane with wavelength λ = 2d. For 0.27 < d/h < 0.5, buckling is disordered with irregular out-of-plane displacement. While, for d/h < 0.27, buckling is helical and the buckling spacing gradually approaches to the theoretical value of a perfectly bonded nanowire. Generally, the in-plane buckling induces smaller strain in the nanowire, but consumes the largest space. Whereas the helical mode induces moderate strain in the nanowire, but takes the smallest space. The study may shed useful insights on the design and optimization of high-performance stretchable electronics and three-dimensional complex nanostructures.

scholarly journals Recent advances in the electrochemical construction of heterocycles

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 2858-2873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Francke
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Ring Formation ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Heterocyclic Chemistry ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Strong Acids ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In

Due to the fact that the major portion of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals contains heterocyclic units and since the overall number of commercially used heterocyclic compounds is steadily growing, heterocyclic chemistry remains in the focus of the synthetic community. Enormous efforts have been made in the last decades in order to render the production of such compounds more selective and efficient. However, most of the conventional methods for the construction of heterocyclic cores still involve the use of strong acids or bases, the operation at elevated temperatures and/or the use of expensive catalysts and reagents. In this regard, electrosynthesis can provide a milder and more environmentally benign alternative. In fact, numerous examples for the electrochemical construction of heterocycles have been reported in recent years. These cases demonstrate that ring formation can be achieved efficiently under ambient conditions without the use of additional reagents. In order to account for the recent developments in this field, a selection of representative reactions is presented and discussed in this review.

Two-dimensional numerical study of temperature field in an anode supported planar SOFC: Effect of the chemical reaction

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 4228-4235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bariza Zitouni ◽  
G.M. Andreadis ◽  
Ben Moussa Hocine ◽  
Abdenebi Hafsia ◽  
Haddad Djamel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Two Dimensional

Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy of Environmentally Weathered Textile Fabrics for Enhanced Microplastic Identification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreyas Patankar ◽  
Ekaterina Vassilenko ◽  
Mathew Watkins ◽  
Anna Posacka ◽  
Peter Ross
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

&lt;p&gt;Microplastic pollution in oceans is among the global environmental concerns of our time. Emerging research on ocean environments indicates that microfibers, such as those originating from textiles, are some of the most commonly occurring type of microplastic contaminants. While Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is commonly used to identify and characterize pollutant samples obtained from the environment, this identification is challenging because infrared spectra of materials can be modified by exposure to the ocean, air, UV light, and other ambient conditions, in a process referred to as &amp;#8220;weathering&amp;#8221;. We report preliminary efforts in improving FTIR characterization of microplastics by building a library of infrared spectra of common textile fibers weathered under a selection of ambient conditions. Consumer textile materials including polyester, nylon, cotton, and other, were exposed to a selection of ambient conditions: ocean, air, and wastewater treatment stages, in a controlled weathering experiment. Infrared spectra were monitored for up to 52 weeks, with the resulting data illuminating on the environmental fate and longevity of synthetic and natural fibers. Spectral changes caused by weathering were found to depend strongly on both the composition of the material and the specific ambient conditions. This library of weathered material spectra is useful not only in easier identification of environmental microfibers, but also in helping us estimate the duration and manner of weathering that a given environmental microfiber may have experienced.&lt;/p&gt;

Taylor series expansion scheme applied for solving population balance equation

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhou Yu ◽  
Jianzhong Lin
Keyword(s):  
Series Expansion ◽  
Taylor Series ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Taylor Series Expansion ◽  
Population Balance ◽  
Population Balance Modeling ◽  
Physicochemical Processes ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Expansion Scheme

Abstract Population balance equations (PBE) are widely applied to describe many physicochemical processes such as nanoparticle synthesis, chemical processes for particulates, colloid gel, aerosol dynamics, and disease progression. The numerical study for solving the PBE, i.e. population balance modeling, is undergoing rapid development. In this review, the application of the Taylor series expansion scheme in solving the PBE was discussed. The theories, implement criteria, and applications are presented here in a universal form for ease of use. The aforementioned method is mathematically economical and applicable to the combination of fine-particle physicochemical processes and can be used to numerically and pseudo-analytically describe the time evolution of statistical parameters governed by the PBE. This article summarizes the principal details of the method and discusses its application to engineering problems. Four key issues relevant to this method, namely, the optimization of type of moment sequence, selection of Taylor series expansion point, optimization of an order of Taylor series expansion, and selection of terms for Taylor series expansion, are emphasized. The possible direction for the development of this method and its advantages and shortcomings are also discussed.

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