Preparation of Composite Carrier Material Immobilized Activated Sludge and Application in Treating Wastewater

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 301-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Nie ◽  
Fang Gu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Transfer Property ◽  
Carrier Material ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
Oil Wastewater ◽  
Composite Carrier

The optimum preparation conditions of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) immobilized activated sludge are investigated, the results show that the concentration of the entrapping agents PVA is 10%(W/V), the mass ration of the activated sludge and entrapping agents is 1∶1(W/V) and the crosslinking time is 24 h. Pelletability and mass transfer property of immobilized activated sludge are improved by adding 1% sodium alginate (SA) into entrapping agents, the intensity of immobilized activated sludge and COD removal rate of oil wastewater can be increased simultaneously by using inorganic composited carrier material.

Impact of a metabolic uncoupler, 2,4-dichlorophenol on minimization of activated sludge production in membrane bioreactor

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1379-1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Song ◽  
Jiang Wenju ◽  
Tang Qiong ◽  
Li Yaozhong
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Floc Size ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
Sludge Production

This study investigated the effects of 2,4-dichlorophenol on reduction of activated sludge in membrane bioreactors. Significant inhibition on sludge growth and slight reduction in COD removal were observed at higher 2,4-dichlorophenol dosages. The deviation between relative specific COD removal rate (q/q0) and relative specific growth rate (μ/μ0) suggested that a minimum 2,4-dichlorophenol concentration was required for uncoupling of anabolism and catabolism. With the increase of the dosage of 2,4-dichlorophenol, stepwise improvement of biomass bioactivity and the reduction in activated sludge production were achieved simultaneously. Compared with the control bioreactor, the peak distribution of floc size in the 2,4-dichlorophenol added bioreactor shifted to a range of smaller floc size. Besides, addition of 2,4-dichlorophenol caused little variation of microorganism community structure and SVI value of the sludge. After 24-hour operation, the residue 2,4-dichlorophenol concentration in the bioreactors was reduced to a negligible level.

Study on Chemical Wastewater Treatment with Many-Point-Water-Inflow Biological Reaction Tank

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2825-2828
Author(s):  
Fang Li ◽  
Dan Hao
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Trace Element Content ◽  
Water Inflow ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Active Sludge ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
Sludge Concentration

The composition of mixed chemical wastewater is more complex and biodegradability of its is bad, biochemical treatment effect should be further improved. Many-point-water-inflow bioreactor used in this experiment, through controlling hydraulic retention time(HRT), concentration of active sludge of the aeration tank, trace element content and so on, gets a better treatment effect. When water temperature is 25°C, HRT is 5h, 10h, 15h, 20h, 25h,COD removal rate is 60.37%, 82.62%, 89.44% , 91.02%,91.07%. According to the iron content of influent, plus 0.5mg/L ferrous sulfate into influent, the removal rate of COD is increased , activated sludge floc of the sedimentation tank is denser and settling. By changing the activated sludge return ratio to change the activated sludge concentration of the bioreactor, experiments shows that the removal rate of organic matter is better with the activated sludge concentration about 4000-5000mg/L. Influent qualities indicate that this biological treatment has good effect on mixed chemical wastewater.

Anaerobic Biological Treatment of Saline Municipal Wastewater by UASB

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 292-295
Author(s):  
Tao Mo Zhao ◽  
Feng Gao ◽  
Wei Hong Jin ◽  
Peng Gao
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Saline Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Reactor ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Cod Removal Rate

In this paper, saline wastewater was treated by using the UASB anaerobic reactor. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the reactor was controlled at 12 h. Research results shows that, the anaerobic activated sludge can effectively treat the saline wastewater. When the influent salinity was 1%, the corresponding COD removal rate of the reactor was 83.3%. In the following study, the influent salinity increased to 2% and 3% step-by-step. The result shows that the COD removal efficiency of the reactor changed little. The COD reduction of the reactor was 87.6% when the influent salinity was 2%. The COD removal rate changed to 85.2% when the influent salinity increased to 3%. The removal rate of NH4+-N and PO43-P also changed little when the influent salinity of the reactor increased form 1% to 3%. It shows that anaerobic activated sludge has good ability of salt tolerance.

scholarly journals Feasibility Study of Activated Sludge/Contact Aeration Combined System Treating Oil-Containing Domestic Sewage

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 544
Author(s):  
Chih-Kuei Chen ◽  
Hung-Chih Liang ◽  
Shang-Lien Lo
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Electrophoresis Method ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
Electronic Microscope

Both activated sludge/contact aeration (AS/CA) and AS-only systems for treating oil-containing domestic sewage were tested. The results of these tests indicate that the oil and grease removal ratios of the AS/CA system exceeded those of the AS-only system. When the influent oil and grease concentration reached 60 mg/L, the effluent concentration of the AS system was 13 mg/L, which exceed 10 mg/L, the Taiwan Effluent Standard for oil and grease. However, in the AS/CA system, the effluent oil and grease concentration was 8 mg/L, which was below the required standard. This study analyzes the biological phases of the AS-only system and the combined AS/CA system using a scanning electronic microscope and a denatured gradient gel electrophoresis method when the inflow concentration of oil and grease is increased to 120 mg/L. The results of the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) experiment reveal that the AS/CA system is affected less than the AS system, and the COD removal rate of the AS/CA system is maintained at 81%, which exceeds that (61.5%) of the AS-only system. The analytical results thus obtained suggest that both the amounts of biological phase and the biomass in the combined AS/CA system exceed those of an AS-only system.

Evaluation of heavy metal inhibition of activated sludge by TTC and INT-electron transport system activity tests

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 231-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Yin ◽  
X.J. Tan ◽  
N.Q. Ren ◽  
Y.B. Cui ◽  
L. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Electron Transport System ◽  
System Activity ◽  
Electron Transport System Activity ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
Ttc Test

TTC and INT-electron transport system activity tests were compared for assessing heavy metal inhibition of activated sludge. The median inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Ag+ measured via TTC test were lower than those measured via INT test, which indicates that the INT-electron transport system activity test was less sensitive to heavy metal toxicity than the TTC test. Tested heavy metals brought about similar decrease in TTC-electron transport system activity and COD removal rate, but less decrease in INT-electron transport system activity than COD removal rate, which suggests that the TTC-electron transport system activity is a better parameter for reflecting heavy metal inhibition of activated sludge than INT-electron transport system activity. The ranking of tested heavy metals in order of decreasing toxicity based on TTC test was Hg2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, Ag+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Pb2+, and the ranking based on INT test was Hg2+, Ag+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Pb2+.

Super Heavy Oil Wastewater Treatment by Combined ME and I-BF Process-A Field Pilot Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 485-490
Author(s):  
Kun Tong ◽  
Yi He Zhang ◽  
Qi Hui Song ◽  
Qi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
Oil Wastewater

A field pilot test was conducted on a macro-electrolysis/biological filter with immobilized microorganism system (ME/I-BF) in the Liaohe oilfield, China to treat super heavy oil wastewater with large amounts of dissolved recalcitrant organic compounds and low nutrients of nitrogen and phosphorus. By operating the system for 155 days (including the start-up of 28 days), the BOD/COD ratio of water increases from 0.13 to 0.22 and the COD removal rate is 47.46% after the ME treatment. Then, the COD decreases to 100 mg/L and the COD removal rate is 80.96% after I-BF treatment. When indigenous microorganisms inoculated, the effluent gets better, COD decreases to 70 mg/L and the removal rate of COD increases to 88.54%. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) indicated that the super heavy oil wastewater contains 11 organic compounds and most of them are removed after treatment. This integrated system is a useful option for the treatment of heavy oil wastewater.

The Removal of Manganese from Underground Water by the Immobilized Manganese-Oxidizing Bacteria

2013 ◽  
Vol 668 ◽  
pp. 317-320
Author(s):  
Chang Li Zhang ◽  
Jing Jing Wang ◽  
Qing Mei ◽  
Hong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Preparation Condition ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Cross Linking

The manganese-oxidizing bacteria were embedded in polyvinyl alcohol that was cross-linked with boric acid and then processed with glutaraldehyde. The mechanical stability of the immobilized bacteria increased with the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol. The removal rate of manganese increased with the concentration of bacteria only if the bacteria concentration was lower than 1:20(v/v). Adding activated carbon into polyvinyl alcohol had contributed to the development of the mass-transfer, which is benefit to the biological bioactivity, but the mechanical stability would get worse if too many activated carbons were mixed into polyvinyl alcohol. The simulated filter column filled with the immobilized manganese-oxidizing bacteria was cultivated into mature stage which needed about 30 days and the bioactivity of the immobilized manganese-oxidizing was harmed by the toxicity of the cross linking agent and the preparation condition.

Parameters for Measuring the Activity and Viability of Activated Sludge

1974 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G. Nutt ◽  
K.L. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Biological System ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Heterogeneous System ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Atp Content ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Activated Sludge System

Abstract Conventional wastewater parameters are accepted as inadequate estimates of the condition of activated sludge but numerous other indices have been suggested as specific measurements of the activity and viability of the biomass. Literature in the related fields of microbiology and biochemistry were reviewed in order to select the most appropriate activity parameters for application to a heterogeneous biological material. Modified analytical methods were applied to a well-controlled biological system containing a single predominant bacterial species to evaluate the relative merit of each as an indicator of viability and activity. The potential of each parameter in a complex heterogeneous system was determined by monitoring each index in a bench activated sludge system. The predominant culture studies indicated that the ATP content of the biomass and the dehydrogenase activity were potential indicators of cell viability in a simple system. However, in the complex activated sludge system, only the ATP content showed significant correlation to the organic carbon removal rate.

Analysis of organic removal rates in the aerated submerged fixed film process

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed F. Hamoda ◽  
Ibrahim A. Al-Ghusain
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Hydraulic Loading ◽  
Organic Removal ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
And Performance

Performance data from a pilot-plant employing the four-stage aerated submerged fixed film (ASFF) process treating domestic wastewater were analyzed to examine the organic removal rates. The process has shown high BOD removal efficiencies (> 90%) over a wide range of hydraulic loading rates (0.04 to 0.68 m3/m2·d). It could also cope with high hydraulic and organic loadings with minimal loss in efficiency due to the large amount of immobilized biomass attained. The organic (BOD and COD) removal rate was influenced by the hydraulic loadings applied, but organic removal rates of up to 104 kg BOD/ m2·d were obtained at a hydraulic loading rate of 0.68 m3/m2·d. A Semi-empirical model for the bio-oxidation of organics in the ASFF process has been formulated and rate constants were calculated based on statistical analysis of pilot-plant data. The relationships obtained are very useful for analyzing the design and performance of the ASFF process and a variety of attached growth processes.

scholarly journals Towards Water and Energy Self-Sufficiency: a Closed-Loop, Solar-Driven, Low-Tech Laundry Pilot Facility (LaundReCycle) for the Reuse of Laundry Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devi Buehler ◽  
Nadine Antenen ◽  
Matthias Frei ◽  
Christoph Koller ◽  
Diederik P. L. Rousseau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
Photovoltaic Plant

AbstractIn the scope of this study, a pilot facility for the recycling of laundry effluent was developed and tested. With the aim to enable nearly complete energy and water self-sufficiency, the system is powered by a photovoltaic plant with second-life batteries, treats the wastewater within the unit and constantly reuses the treated wastewater for washing in a closed cycle. The technology for wastewater treatment is based on a low-tech approach consisting of a physical/mechanical pre-treatment and biological treatment in trickling filter columns. The treatment process is operated in batch mode for a capacity of five washing cycles per day. During five weeks of operation water quality, energy consumption and production, water losses and washing performance were monitored. The system recovered 69% of the used water for the washing machine while treating the wastewater to the necessary water quality levels. The average COD removal rate per cycle was 92%. Energy analysis was based on modelled data of the monitored energy consumption. With the current set-up, an internal consumption rate of 80% and self-sufficiency of 30% were modelled. Future developments aim at increasing water and energy self-sufficiency and optimizing the water treatment efficiency.

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