scholarly journals Towards Water and Energy Self-Sufficiency: a Closed-Loop, Solar-Driven, Low-Tech Laundry Pilot Facility (LaundReCycle) for the Reuse of Laundry Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devi Buehler ◽  
Nadine Antenen ◽  
Matthias Frei ◽  
Christoph Koller ◽  
Diederik P. L. Rousseau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
Photovoltaic Plant

AbstractIn the scope of this study, a pilot facility for the recycling of laundry effluent was developed and tested. With the aim to enable nearly complete energy and water self-sufficiency, the system is powered by a photovoltaic plant with second-life batteries, treats the wastewater within the unit and constantly reuses the treated wastewater for washing in a closed cycle. The technology for wastewater treatment is based on a low-tech approach consisting of a physical/mechanical pre-treatment and biological treatment in trickling filter columns. The treatment process is operated in batch mode for a capacity of five washing cycles per day. During five weeks of operation water quality, energy consumption and production, water losses and washing performance were monitored. The system recovered 69% of the used water for the washing machine while treating the wastewater to the necessary water quality levels. The average COD removal rate per cycle was 92%. Energy analysis was based on modelled data of the monitored energy consumption. With the current set-up, an internal consumption rate of 80% and self-sufficiency of 30% were modelled. Future developments aim at increasing water and energy self-sufficiency and optimizing the water treatment efficiency.

Research on Treatment of Domestic Sewage with Aerobic Denitrifying Bacteria Immobilized by Carbon Fiber

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 627-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Wei ◽  
Di Lv ◽  
Mei Hui Huang ◽  
De Shui Yu ◽  
Jian Qiang You
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Denitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Cod Removal Rate

Aerobic denitrifying bacteria, a fast and efficient strain, is extensively adopted in the wastewater sphere, and immobilized aerobic denitrifying bacteria denitrification Technology, to some extent, solves many problems existing in the direct application of aerobic denitrifying bacteria. Concentrated sulfuric acid, nitric acid, potassium permanganate, ferric chloride etc. are used to pretreat carbon fiber respectively, and then the modified the carbon fiber is applied to fix the activated aerobic denitrifying bacteria to investigate the effects of the modification of the carbon fiber and the effects of wastewater treatment with immobilized aerobic denitrifying bacteria. The results showed that the fixed efficiency of the strain with carbon fiber pretreated by nitric acid reached 50% and when the strain fixed by the modified carbon fiber in adsorption method treated wastewater, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reached 78% and the COD removal rate was always stabilized above 40% in three days.

Advanced Treatment of Ship Sewage by Fenton-Oxidation Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 595-598
Author(s):  
Gui Fang Liu ◽  
Hong Mei Yan ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Ya Quan Sun ◽  
Yu Ping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Fenton Oxidation ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
Fenton Oxidation Process

Fenton-oxidation process was used to treat the simulation ship sewage that had met the requirement of IMO discharge standard. The effects of reaction time, doses of H2O2 and FeSO4, pH and temperature on COD removal rate were investigated. The results showed that the optimum condition for treating simulation ship sewage was as follows: pH=3.0, concentration of H2O2=9 mmol/L, concentration of FeSO4=3 mmol/L, and reaction time=30 min. Under the optimum condition, the removal rate of COD was to 62.7%. The water quality of the effluent could meet Miscellaneous Domestic Water Quality Standard.

Research on Soil Infiltration Systems for Domestic Sewage Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 1969-1972
Author(s):  
Xiao Fang Yue ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Lin Fang ◽  
Chang Kun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Solution Process ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Hydraulic Load

In this paper, the performance of the constructed rapid infiltration system ( CRI ) for removal of organic pollutants of domestic sewage was investigated. The results showed that the system had higher efficiency of CODCr removal. The removal rate of CODCr was 86.1% by constructed rapid infiltration system without carbonized sludge , 91.8% with carbonized sludge. The system overcomes the disadvantage of traditional wastewater rapid infiltration land treatment system ( RI ) that the hydraulic load is low, but retains the advantages that the solution process are the low cost, the ease of processing, less energy consumption and good water quality.

Study on the Surface Flow Constructed Wetland Wastewater Treatment of Furfural Wastewater

2011 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 233-236
Author(s):  
Ju Wei Peng ◽  
Xiang Kui Han
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Wetland Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
Research Show

According to the characteristics of furfural wastewater, by production enterprises located in low-lying saline land transformed into a surface flow constructed wetlands, the waste water in the wetland approach to natural consumption, no efflux, treated waste water equal to the wetland wastewater by natural evaporation, plant transpiration and plant storage Volume. Research show that, after wetland treatment the wastewater COD removal rate to an average of 94%, TN removal rate to an average of 65%, PH value of treated wastewater is 6.22, the use of surface flow constructed wetland wastewater treatment is feasible ecological processing technology for furfural.

Analysis of organic removal rates in the aerated submerged fixed film process

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed F. Hamoda ◽  
Ibrahim A. Al-Ghusain
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Hydraulic Loading ◽  
Organic Removal ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
And Performance

Performance data from a pilot-plant employing the four-stage aerated submerged fixed film (ASFF) process treating domestic wastewater were analyzed to examine the organic removal rates. The process has shown high BOD removal efficiencies (> 90%) over a wide range of hydraulic loading rates (0.04 to 0.68 m3/m2·d). It could also cope with high hydraulic and organic loadings with minimal loss in efficiency due to the large amount of immobilized biomass attained. The organic (BOD and COD) removal rate was influenced by the hydraulic loadings applied, but organic removal rates of up to 104 kg BOD/ m2·d were obtained at a hydraulic loading rate of 0.68 m3/m2·d. A Semi-empirical model for the bio-oxidation of organics in the ASFF process has been formulated and rate constants were calculated based on statistical analysis of pilot-plant data. The relationships obtained are very useful for analyzing the design and performance of the ASFF process and a variety of attached growth processes.

Wastewater Reuse for River Recovery in Semi-Arid Israel

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Juanico ◽  
Eran Friedler
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Reclaimed Wastewater ◽  
Pollution Impacts ◽  
Semi Arid

Most of the water has been captured in the rivers of Israel and they have turned into dry river-beds which deliver only sporadic winter floods. In a semi-arid country where literally every drop of water is used, reclaimed wastewater is the most feasible water source for river recovery. Two topics are addressed in this paper: water quality management in rivers where most of the flowing water is treated wastewater, and the allocations of reclaimed wastewater required for the recovery of rivers and streams. Water quality management must consider that the main source of water to the river has a pollution loading which reduces its capability to absorb other pollution impacts. The allocation of treated wastewater for the revival of rivers may not affect negatively the water balance of the region; it may eventually improve it. An upstream bruto allocation of 122 MCM/year of wastewater for the recovery of 14 rivers in Israel may favor downstream reuse of this wastewater, resulting in a small neto allocation and in an increase of the water resources available to the country. The discharge of effluents upstream to revive the river followed by their re-capture downstream for irrigation, implies a further stage in the intensification of water reuse.

The Design of Water Intake System and Analysis of Water Quality Conditions of the Regional Energy System of Complex River Water Source Heat Pump

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Pengfei Si ◽  
Xiangyang Rong ◽  
Angui Li ◽  
Xiaodan Min ◽  
Zhengwu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
River Water ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Regional Energy ◽  
Heat Pump Unit

As a realization of the energy cascade utilization, the regional energy system has the significant potential of energy saving. As a kind of renewable energy, river water source heat pump also can greatly reduce the energy consumption of refrigeration and heating system. Combining the regional energy and water source heat pump technology, to achieve cooling, heating and power supply for a plurality of block building is of great significance to reduce building energy consumption. This paper introduces a practical engineering case which combines the regional energy system of complex river water source heat pump, which provides a detailed analysis of the hydrology and water quality conditions of the river water source heat pump applications, and discusses the design methods of water intake and drainage system. The results show that the average temperature of cold season is about 23.5 °C, the heating season is about 13.2 °C; the abundant regional water flow can meet the water requirement of water source heat pump unit; the sediment concentration index cannot meet the requirement of river water source heat pump if the water enters the unit directly; the river water chemistry indicators (pH, Cl-, SO42-, total hardness, total iron) can meet the requirement of river water source heat pump, and it is not required to take special measures to solve the problem. However, the problem of sediment concentration of water must be solved.

scholarly journals Optimization of Laser Engraving of Acrylic Plastics from the Perspective of Energy Consumption, CO2 Emission and Removal Rate

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Mohammad Muhshin Aziz Khan ◽  
Shanta Saha ◽  
Luca Romoli ◽  
Mehedi Hasan Kibria
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Material Removal Rate ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Laser Engraving ◽  
Co2 Gas ◽  
Optimal Set

This paper focuses on optimizing the laser engraving of acrylic plastics to reduce energy consumption and CO2 gas emissions, without hindering the production and material removal rates. In this context, the role of laser engraving parameters on energy consumption, CO2 gas emissions, production rate, and material removal rate was first experimentally investigated. Grey–Taguchi approach was then used to identify an optimal set of process parameters meeting the goal. The scan gap was the most significant factor affecting energy consumption, CO2 gas emissions, and production rate, whereas, compared to other factors, its impact on material removal rate (MRR) was relatively lower. Moreover, the defocal length had a negligible impact on the response variables taken into consideration. With this laser-process-material combination, to achieve the desired goal, the laser must be focused on the surface, and laser power, scanning speed, and scan gap must be set at 44 W, 300 mm/s, and 0.065 mm, respectively.

scholarly journals Ti/RuO2-IrO2-SnO2 Anode for Electrochemical Degradation of Pollutants in Pharmaceutical Wastewater: Optimization and Degradation Performances

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Guozhen Zhang ◽  
Xingxing Huang ◽  
Jinye Ma ◽  
Fuping Wu ◽  
Tianhong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Oxide Coating ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Pharmaceutical Wastewater ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Dimensionally Stable Anodes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Cod Removal Rate

Electrochemical oxidation technology is an effective technique to treat high-concentration wastewater, which can directly oxidize refractory pollutants into simple inorganic compounds such as H2O and CO2. In this work, two-dimensionally stable anodes, Ti/RuO2-IrO2-SnO2, have been developed in order to degrade organic pollutants from pharmaceutical wastewater. Characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the oxide coating was successfully fabricated on the Ti plate surface. Electrocatalytic oxidation conditions of high concentration pharmaceutical wastewater was discussed and optimized, and the best results showed that the COD removal rate was 95.92% with the energy consumption was 58.09 kW·h/kgCOD under the electrode distance of 3 cm, current density of 8 mA/cm2, initial pH of 2, and air flow of 18 L/min.

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