Synergic Removal on Chironomus kiiensis larvae in Urban Water Source with Pre-Oxidation

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 735-739
Author(s):  
Xing Bin Sun ◽  
Fu Yi Cui ◽  
Zhao Chao Hou ◽  
Lin Meng
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Sedimentation Process ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Disinfection Process ◽  
Eutrophic Water ◽  
Inactivation Efficiency

Chironomus kiiensis larvae which cannot be exterminated by conventional disinfection process propagates prolifically in eutrophic water body, and it therefore turns to be a potential problem encountered in drinking water quality. In this work, the quantitative experimental studies were carried out on removal of Chironomus kiiensis larvae in raw water by coagulation-sedimentation process. The coagulation jar test showed that the Chironomus kiiensis larvae could be partially removed from water by coagulation-sedimentation process. Based on it, removal effect of pre-oxidation combined with coagulation-sedimentation process on Chironomus kiiensis larvae was evaluated. The results showed that chlorine dioxide pre-oxidation possessed better removal performance than prechlorinion, and Chironomus kiiensis larvae in the raw water could be completely removed by chlorine dioxide pre-oxidation in combination with the coagulation-sedimentation process at chlorine dioxide dosage of 0.8mg/L. The pH in the range of 6-8 did not affect the inactivation efficiency of chlorine dioxide, whereas pH 10 resulted in around 10% decrease in removal rate. Meanwhile, the removal rate of Chironomus kiiensis larvae improved with the temperature increasing within the range investigated of 15-30°C. The removal rate was reduced by 6.7% when temperature reduced from 30°C to 15°C.

The Removal Effect on Chironomus kiiensis larvae and Mutagenicity in Urban Water Source with Chlorine Dioxie

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 744-749
Author(s):  
Xing Bin Sun ◽  
Fu Yi Cui ◽  
Zhao Chao Hou ◽  
Lin Meng
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Molecular State ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Disinfection Process ◽  
Eutrophic Water ◽  
By Products

Chironomus kiiensis larvae which cannot be exterminated by conventional disinfection process propagates prolifically in eutrophic water body, and it therefore turns to be a potential problem encountered in drinking water quality. In order to tackle this problem, a pilot-scale study of removal effect on Chironomus kiiensis larvae with chlorine dioxide in a waterworks is performed. The experiment results showed that Chironomus kiiensis larvae can be effectively removed from water by 0.55 mg/L chlorine dioxide pre-oxidation combined with the conventional drinking water treatment process. Higher oxidizability and molecular state of chlorine dioxide in water is the key to the inactivation of Chironomus kiiensis larvae. The chlorite, disinfection by-products (DBPs) of chlorine dioxide, is stable at 0.217 mg/L, which is lower than that critical value of the WHO. Ames test revealed that the mutagenicity was reduced by chlorine dioxide with respect to prechlorine. The propagation of Chironomus kiiensis larvae can be inactivated effectively and safely by chlorine dioxide pre-oxidation.

Experimental Studies on Enhanced Coagulation of Tail Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 1478-1481
Author(s):  
Feng Xun Tan ◽  
Jiu Mei Wang ◽  
Dao Ji Wu
Keyword(s):  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Enhanced Coagulation ◽  
Tail Water ◽  
Water Eutrophication

Traditional wastewater treatment methods can no longer remove effectively nitrogen and phosphorus that are the direct murderers of water eutrophication hazard. Enhanced coagulation method was adopted to improve the treatment effect by dosing suitable coagulants and coagulant aids. The raw water was from the reclaimed water in a University. TP and ammonia nitrogen removal of the water had been researched through an enhanced coagulation process with dosing ferric chloride, aluminum sulfate, polymeric ferric chloride, and poly-aluminum chloride (PAC) in this study. The coagulants effects were estimated by determining the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen, TP, COD and turbidity. When dosing the raw water with 80 mg/L PAC, the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, TP, COD and turbidity are respectively 6.12%, 67.79%, 26.21%, 85.41%. The experimental results can be used as a reference of water treatment in the reclaimed water station.

Evaluation of DBPs Formation Potential during Chlorination of Dissolved Organic Matter Fractions Isolated from Eutrophic Water

2012 ◽  
Vol 157-158 ◽  
pp. 1680-1684
Author(s):  
Jin Hong Luo ◽  
Bing Hui Zheng ◽  
Qing Fu ◽  
Xing Ru Zhao ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Trichloroacetic Acid ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Haloacetic Acids ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Eutrophic Water ◽  
Organic Matter Fractions ◽  
Hydrophobic Acids

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in water from eutrophic water source was isolated into four classes as hydrophilic substances (HIS), hydrophobic acids (HOA), hydrophobic neutrals (HON), and hydrophobic bases (HOB). The formation of Trihalomethanes (THMs) and Haloacetic acids (HAAs) in chlorination of different DOM fractions was evaluated. The dominate species of THMs and HAAs were chloroform (CF) and trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) in the chlorination of raw water. There were close linear relationship between THMs/HAAs yields and SUVA254 values. Increasing of contact time and chlorine dosage enhanced the formation of THMs/HAAs yields from different DOM fractions. The increase of pH leads to more formation of THMs, and the highest production of HAAs was observed at pH 7.

Effects and mechanisms involved in preoxidation and particle separation processes

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin R. Jekel
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Particle Separation ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Dispersed Particles ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Particle separation in water treatment can be enhanced by preoxidation with different chemicals. Effects were reported for preoxidation by ozone, chloride, chlorine dioxide, permanganate and chloramines. The observations depend on the raw water source, season, oxidant dosage and the applied particle separation processes. Most research interest has found preozonation for particle removal and the underlying mechanisms. The literature of the last decades include several mechanisms thought to be responsible for the observed effects. A significant role is played by the natural organic matter (NOM) in view of its efficiency in stabilizing dispersed particles by adsorption and by its reactions with the coagulants. Preozonation effects in algae-laden waters are important but require further studies.

Inactivation of Chironomid larvae with ozone

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing-Bin Sun ◽  
Fu-Yi Cui
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Inactivation Rate ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Organic Precursor ◽  
Chironomid Larvae ◽  
Complete Inactivation ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Coagulation Process ◽  
Inactivation Efficiency

In this paper, comparative experiments on the inactivation of Chironomid larvae by ozone and chlorine were conducted. In addition, batch experiments were performed in order to analyze the influence of pH value, organic precursor concentration and temperature on the inactivation efficiency of Chironomid larvae with ozone. Based on it, removal effect of different pre-oxidation combined with coagulation process on Chironomid larvae in raw water was evaluated. The results showed that ozone possessed better inactivation performance than chlorine, and complete inactivation of Chironomid larvae in raw water was obtained at ozone dose of 2.0 mg/L after 25 minutes of contact time. The inactivation rate of Chironomid larvae at pH 6.0 was higher than those found at pH 8.0 in same contact time. Meanwhile, the organic precursor had negative effects on inactivation, indicated by the decreasing inactivation rate from 100% at TOC concentration of 0 mg/L to 20.0% at 8 mg/L after 30 min of contact time. With regard to the temperature, the inactivation efficiency of Chironomid larvae improved with the temperature increasing within the range investigated of 10–25°C. The inactivation rate was reduced by 73.3% when temperature reduced from 25°C to10°C. The coagulation jar test showed that Chironomid larvae in the raw water could be completely removed by ozone pre-oxidation combined with the coagulation process at ozone dosage of 1.2 mg/L.

Aplikasi metode tahanan jenis dalam studi geologi karst Gua Seropan di Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
Pulung A. Pranantya ◽  
Nurlia Sadikin
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Underground River ◽  
Initial Exploration

In terms of geology, most areas in south of the Gunungkidul District in Central Java consist of the Wonosari formation limestone. The land is generally very dry and source of raw water is also difficult to reach. Findings on the existence of underground river in caves, however, indicate the potential amount of water within the area, especially in the eastern part of the Gunungkidul District. Although limited information available, some fishermen have discovered that Seropan cave contains fresh water source. This cave is situated at 65 m below the cliff. Initial exploration, which done using a multichannel resistivity method, confirmed the availability of freshwater in the cave and underground river. The isopach of cave depth is found in ranges of 80 200 m below the ground surface. The water of Seropan cave can be utilized by implementing pipeline or by drilling at the suggested point based on the interpretation results, i.e. 110o2223.6388 EL 8o42.874 SL. [DY1][PP2][DY1]Perbaiki grammarIn terms of geology, most areas in south of Gunungkidul District in Central Java consist of the Wonosari formation limestone. The land is generally very dry and source of raw water is also difficult to reach. Findings on the exixtence of underground river in caves, however, indicate potential amount of water within the area especially in eastern part of Gunungkidul District. Although limited information available, some fishermans has discovered that Seropan cave contain fresh water source. This cave is situated at 65 m below the cliff. Initial exploration, which done using multichannel resistivity method, confirmed the availability of freshwater in the cave and underground river. The iso pach of cave depth is found in ranges of 80 200 m below the ground surface. The water of Seropan cave can be utilized by implementing pipeline or by drilling at the suggested point based on the interpretation results i.e. 110o2223.6388 EL 8o42.874 SL.[PP2]Sudah diperbaiki

scholarly journals Ultramicro Analysis of Odorous Materials by Massfragmentography in Raw Water Source of Water Supply

1978 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
YOSHITERU TSUCHIYA ◽  
TOSHIHIKO OKAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Raw Water

Removal of Se(VI) from Raw Water by Ion Exchange Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 941-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Sheng Shi ◽  
Yu Zhen Shi ◽  
Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Strong Base ◽  
Ion Exchange Process ◽  
Efficiency Cost ◽  
Easy Operation

Studies have been carried out on removal of Se(Ⅵ) from raw water by ion exchange process. The experiment results indicate that employment of strong-base anion exchange resin of 201×7 can receive a desirable result for Se removal. It is particularly true that the removal rate of Se(Ⅵ) can achieve more than 96% when the Se(Ⅵ) concentration in raw water is 100μg/L. This allows selenium concentration of the supply water in full conformity to the quality standard currently available for drinking water. Ion exchange process for Se removal has been proved to be competent for its efficiency, cost effectiveness and easy operation.

Application of Biofilm Kinetics to Anaerobic Fixed Bed Reactors

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (7-9) ◽  
pp. 1319-1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. E. Gönenç ◽  
D. Orhon ◽  
B. Beler Baykal
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Removal Mechanism ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactors

Two basic phenomena, reactor hydraulics and mass transport through biofilm coupled with kinetic expressions for substrate transformations were accounted for in order to describe the soluble COD removal mechanism in anaerobic fixed bed reactors. To provide necessary verification, experimental results from the long term operation of the pilot scale anaerobic reactor treating molasses wastewater were used. Theoretical evaluations verified by these experimental studies showed that a bulk zero-order removal rate expression modified by diffusional resistance leading to bulk half-order and first-order rates together with the particular hydraulic conditions could adequately define the overall soluble COD removal mechanism in an anaerobic fixed bed reactor. The experimental results were also used to determine the kinetic constants for practical application. In view of the complexity of the phenomena involved it is found remarkable that a simple simulation model based on biofilm kinetics is a powerful tool for design and operation of anaerobic fixed bed reactors.

scholarly journals Identification and management of microbial contaminations in a surface drinking water source

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Åström ◽  
T. J. R. Pettersson ◽  
T. A. Stenström
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The City

Microbial contamination of surface waters constitutes a health risk for drinking water consumers which may be lowered by closing the raw water intake. We have evaluated microbial discharge events reported in the river Göta älv, which is used for raw water supply to the city of Göteborg. Elevated levels of faecal indicator bacteria were observed during periods of closed raw water intake. High bacteria levels were, however, also occasionally detected during periods of open intake, probably as a result of microbial discharge far upstream in the river which may be difficult to predict and manage by closing the intake. Accumulated upstream precipitations, resulting in surface runoff and wastewater contaminations in the catchment, correlated positively with the levels of total coliforms, E. coli, intestinal enterococci and sulfite-reducing clostridia. Levels of faecal indicator organisms were negatively correlated to the water temperature due to enhanced survival at lower temperatures. Wastewater discharges from a municipality located just upstream of the water intake resulted in elevated E. coli concentrations downstream at the raw water intake for Göteborg. To improve the prediction of microbial contaminations within the river Göta älv, monitoring data on turbidity and upstream precipitation are of particular importance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document