Wireless RFID-Based Thermal Bubble Type Accelerometer and Monitor System Design

2010 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 321-326
Author(s):  
Jium Ming Lin ◽  
Po Kuang Chang ◽  
Cheng Hung Lin ◽  
Qi Kun Zhang ◽  
Shih Chieh Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
System Design ◽  
Flexible Substrate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Monitor System ◽  
Key Technology

This research proposes a wireless RFID-based thermal bubble accelerometer design, and relates more particularly for the technology to manufacture it on a flexible substrate. The key technology is to integrate both a thermal bubble accelerometer and a wireless RFID antenna on the same substrate, such that the accelerometer is very convenient for usage. In this paper we use xenon inert gas in the chamber with heavier molecular weight to increase the acceleration sensitivity instead of traditional air or carbon dioxide. On the other hand, the specific heat of xenon gas is also lower so that the bandwidth of the proposed accelerometer is larger and the power consumption is lower. In addition, the inner shape of the chamber is changed as hemisphere instead of rectangular type, comparisons are also made. We have seen that the sensitivity of the proposed design is better.

RFID-Based Thermal Bubble Non-Floating Type Accelerometer with Semi-Cylindrical Chamber and Filled with Xenon Gas

2011 ◽  
Vol 317-319 ◽  
pp. 1153-1162
Author(s):  
Jium Ming Lin ◽  
Po Kuang Chang ◽  
Cheng Hung Lin ◽  
Qi Kun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Flexible Substrate ◽  
Thermal Sensors ◽  
Cylindrical Chamber ◽  
Floating Structure ◽  
Key Technology ◽  
Impact Condition ◽  
Floating Type

This research proposes a wireless RFID-based thermal bubble accelerometer design, and relates more particularly for the technology to manufacture and package it on a flexible substrate. The key technology is to integrate both a thermal bubble accelerometer and a wireless RFID antenna on the same substrate, such that the accelerometer is very convenient for fabrication and usage. In this paper the heaters as well as the thermal sensors are directly adhering on the surface of the flexible substrate without the traditional floating structure. Thus the structure is much simpler and cheaper for manufacturing, and much more reliable in large acceleration impact condition without broken. Furthermore, the molecular weight of xenon gas is much larger than carbon dioxide, thus the performance of the accelerometer will be increased. In addition, the shape of the chamber is changed as a semi-cylindrical one instead of the conventional rectangular type. Comparisons of sensitivity and response time are also made; one can see the performances of the proposed new design with either semi-cylindrical chamber or filled with xenon gas are better.

The heterogeneity of two Canadian kraft lignins

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 629-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.W. Thring ◽  
S.L. Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Kraft Lignin ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Molecular Weight Fraction ◽  
C Nmr

Two kraft lignins, one precipitated with carbon dioxide and the other with sulphuric acid, have been fractionated into three distinct fractions by sequential extraction using organic solvents of increasing hydrogen-bonding capacity. The lignins and fractions were comparatively characterized in terms of yield, methoxyl group content, molecular weight distribution, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. For a given lignin, the fractions showed differences in yield, composition, and chemical structure. A significant portion (21%) of the carbon dioxide precipitated kraft lignin is composed of ethyl acetate soluble material of low molecular weight. This fraction, which is richer in guaiacyl moieties than the other fractions, is virtually absent in the sulphuric acid precipitated kraft lignin. The occurrence of "tails" in the high molecular weight fraction, especially from the carbon dioxide precipitated kraft lignin, suggests the presence of material of very high molecular weight. Data from 13C NMR spectroscopy does little to elucidate the nature or origin of the material causing these tails. Keywords: kraft lignins, heterogeneity, fractionation, characterization.

scholarly journals Analysis of the germination proteins in Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris spores subjected to external factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Porębska ◽  
Barbara Sokołowska
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
External Factors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Alicyclobacillus Acidoterrestris ◽  
Sds Page

The presence of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris, a thermoacidophilic and spore-forming bacterium, in pasteurized acidic juices poses a serious problem for the processing industry. Therefore, the use of other more effective techniques, such as high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCD), is considered for preserving juices in order to inactivate these bacteria, while reducing the loss of nutrients and sensory quality. HHP and SCCD combined with a moderately elevated temperature can, on the other hand, be factors which induce the germination of spores, making them more vulnerable to inactivation. The germination of spores can also be induced by nutrients such as L-alanine or a mixture of asparagine, glucose, fructose and potassium ions (AGFK). The aim of this work was to determine how applying activating agents: HHP, SCCD and nutrient germinants (L-alanine and AGFK mixture) could influence on number of spores which start germinate and how it affects the proteins involved in the germination of spores. SDS-PAGE was used to resolve the proteins from A. acidoterrestris spores. The results indicated that the germination of A. acidoterrestris spores treated with HHP, SCCD and nutrient germinants reflect number of spores which start germinate. The SDS-PAGE results indicated changes in the level of selected proteins occurring when subjected to activating factors and noticeable differences were observed in their molecular weight.

The Kidney and Fibrinolysis

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 026-032 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Normal Animal ◽  
Fibrinolytic Enzyme ◽  
The Other ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Normal Urine ◽  
Renal Origin ◽  
Molecular Exclusion Chromatography

SummaryMolecular exclusion chromatography was performed on samples of urine from normal and aminonucleoside nephrotic rats. Normal urine contained 2 peaks of urokinase activity, one having a molecular weight of 22,000 and the other around 200,000. Nephrotic urine contained three peaks of activity with MW’s 126,000, 60,000 and 30,000. Plasma activator determined from euglobulin precipitate had a MW. in excess of 200,000. The results indicate that in the normal animal, plasma plasminogen activator does not escape into the urine in substantial quantities but under the conditions of extreme proteinuria there may be some loss through the kidney. The alteration in urokinase output in nephrotic animals indicates a greatly disordered renal fibrinolytic enzyme system.The findings of this study largely support the hypothesis that plasma plasminogen activator of renal origin and urinary plasminogen activator (urokinase) are different molecular species.

Rapid Isolation of High Molecular Weight Urokinase from Native Human Urine

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (03) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Huber ◽  
Johannes Kirchheimer ◽  
Bernd R Binder
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Chain Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Apparent Homogeneity ◽  
Sequential Adsorption

SummaryUrokinase (UK) could be purified to apparent homogeneity starting from crude urine by sequential adsorption and elution of the enzyme to gelatine-Sepharose and agmatine-Sepharose followed by gel filtration on Sephadex G-150. The purified product exhibited characteristics of the high molecular weight urokinase (HMW-UK) but did contain two distinct entities, one of which exhibited a two chain structure as reported for the HMW-UK while the other one exhibited an apparent single chain structure. The purification described is rapid and simple and results in an enzyme with probably no major alterations. Yields are high enough to obtain purified enzymes for characterization of UK from individual donors.

Barricyclin D1—a dimeric ellagitannin with a macrocyclic structure—and accompanying tannins from Barringtonia racemosa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Yoshikawa ◽  
Lih-Geeng Chen ◽  
Morio Yoshimura ◽  
Yoshiaki Amakura ◽  
Tsutomu Hatano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hydrolysable Tannin ◽  
The Family ◽  
Macrocyclic Structure

Abstract Our examination of high molecular weight polyphenolic constituents in the leaves of Barringtonia racemosa of the family Lecythidaceae uncovered five previously undescribed ellagitannins. One, barringtin M1 (1), among them was a hydrolysable tannin monomer, while remaining four, barringtins D1 (2), D2 (3), D3 (4) and barricyclin D1 (5), were all dimers. Barricyclin D1 had a first macrocyclic structure formed from casuarictin (6) and tellimagrandin I (7), and the other ellagitannins had structures related to 5. Two additional known phenolics, valoneic acid dilactone (8) and schimawalin A (9), were also isolated from the leaves. These results suggested that the leaves of B. racemosa is a natural resource rich in hydrolysable tannin oligomers.

CO-ORDINATION COMPLEXES OF TITANIUM (IV) HALIDES: II. PREPARATION AND INFRARED SPECTRA OF THE COMPLEXES OF TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE WITH DIESTERS OF α,ω-DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND COMPARISON WITH ANALOGOUS COMPLEXES OF ZIRCONIUM TETRACHLORIDE AND TIN TETRACHLORIDE

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 2343-2352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Rivet ◽  
Real Aubin ◽  
Roland Rivest
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Titanium Tetrachloride ◽  
Complex Molecule ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
The Other ◽  
Zirconium Tetrachloride ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Zirconium Complexes ◽  
Tin Tetrachloride

Co-ordination complexes between diesters of α,ω-dicarboxylic acids and titanium tetrachloride, tin tetrachloride, and zirconium tetrachloride have been prepared. The analytical results, the infrared spectra, the melting points, and the molecular-weight determinations indicate that for the titanium and zirconium complexes, two types of complexes are obtained, one having a general formula MX4•1 diester in which chelate rings from five to nine atoms are formed and the other one, 2MX4•1 diester in which there are two 4-membered rings per complex molecule. With tin tetrachloride only one type of complex is formed, which has two tin tetrachlorides and two diesters per complex molecule.

Effect on Polymer Chain Structure Caused by the Molar Fraction of 4-Hydroxybutyrate in Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co -4-hydroxybutyrate)

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 776-780
Author(s):  
Zhi Qiang Li ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
Wei Jia Fan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Intrinsic Viscosity ◽  
Polymer Chain ◽  
Molar Fraction ◽  
Chain Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Polarizing Microscope ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Mean

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)copolymer [P(3HB-co-4HB)] is a kind of biodegradable high molecular polymer produced by bioaccumulation. Because of the good biodegradability and biocompatibility, P(3HB-co-4HB)s have attracted wide attention . At first, the intrinsic viscosity[η] in good solvent of P(3HB-co-4HB) s with varying contents of 4HB was investigated in different temperature. Second, observed the changes of crystallization gathered state caused by the varying contents of 4HB by polarizing microscope. The results show that to the P(3HB-co-4HB)s in same molecular weight, the intrinsic viscosity[η] in good solvent barely changes when the mole fractions of 4HB increase. On the other hand, the mean square end to end distances[0] of macromolecular flexible chains increase with the mole fractions of 4HB. At the same time, the states of aggregation change from spherulites to dendrites. In this investigation, we discuss the reasons of the differences in depth.

Variation in the respiratory quotient of birds and implications for indirect calorimetry using measurements of carbon dioxide production

1995 ◽  
Vol 198 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Walsberg ◽  
B Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Accurate Estimation

Determination of animal power consumption by indirect calorimetry relies upon accurate estimation of the thermal equivalent of oxygen consumed or carbon dioxide produced. This estimate is typically based upon measurement or assumption of the respiratory quotient (RQ), the ratio of CO2 produced to O2 consumed. This ratio is used to indicate the mixture of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins in the metabolic substrate. In this analysis, we report the RQ for two bird species, Passer domesticus and Auriparus flaviceps, under several dietary and fasting regimes. RQ commonly differed substantially from those typically assumed in studies of energy metabolism and often included values below those explainable by current knowledge. Errors that could result from these unexpected RQ values can be large and could present the primary limit to the accuracy of power consumption estimates based upon measurement of carbon dioxide production.

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