Shrinkage Properties of Cement Solidified Sludge with High Water Content

2010 ◽  
Vol 168-170 ◽  
pp. 1496-1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Si Fa Xu ◽  
Li Li Yan ◽  
Ping Guo ◽  
Qian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Cement Content ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
High Water ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Curing Period

Solidified sludge as backfill material exists serious phenomenon of shrinkage and cracking, and the project's strength, permeability and stability will be adversely affected. The material used in this study is sludge with high water content from the Metro construction sites in Hangzhou. In this paper, our main research is the influences of the initial water content of sludge, curing period and cement content on the curing shrinkage of silt. The results show that the shrinkage increases with initial moisture content, decreases with the increase of the cement content, and increases with curing period. Strength decreases with the increase of initial water content, increases with cement content, and increases with curing period. The test has a certain reference value to the engineering practice.

scholarly journals Initial Moisture Content of Corncobs Plays an Important Role in Maintaining its Quality during Storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Lince Mukkun ◽  
Herianus J.D. Lalel ◽  
Yuliana Tandirubak
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
High Water ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Randomized Design

Maize is one of the important staple foods for people in Timor, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Subsistent farmers store the maize for their own consumption until the next harvest season, for seed and feed.  However, high initial water content of the kernel due to improper drying prior storage initiate serious damage and losses during the maize storage.  High water content promotes the growth of fungi and insects, and increase respiration rate, resulting in rapid deterioration of maize. The purpose of this study was to determine the initial moisture content that might minimize damage and losses of maize in the farmers’ storage, and to study the effects of some plant materials that are used to smoke corns before storage. The experiment was initiated by sun-drying the harvested corncobs for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days (6 hours a day). This experiment was designed using Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments and 3 replications. Dried corncobs were stored in the farmer’s storage for 4 months. The effects of maize kernels’ initial water content on the development of water content in kernels; the percentage of damaged kernels; and the species of pathogen and insects were investigated during storage with 2-week intervals.  The results demonstrated that drying the corncobs prior storage for 10 days, resulting in 12.96% of water content, significantly decreased the percentage of seed damage to 6.5%, as compared to without drying process which resulted  in 63%.  Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium sp., and Penicillium sp were found to be the main pathogen during storage.  There are no insect pests found during the storage. 

Desiccation of the TRAPPIST-1 Planets During Their Magma Ocean Phase

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Carone ◽  
Patrick Barth ◽  
Rory Barnes ◽  
Lena Noack ◽  
Thomas Henning
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
High Water ◽  
Geochemical Evolution ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Magma Ocean ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Radiogenic Heating ◽  
Stellar Radiation ◽  
Tidal Heating

<pre class="moz-quote-pre">The potentially habitable planets in the TRAPPIST-1 system (e,f,g) may have experienced a prolonged magma ocean phase during which volatiles were partitioned between the molten interior and the atmosphere. The duration of the magma ocean phase is determined by 1) the incident stellar radiation, 2) atmospheric heating due to the greenhouse effect, 3) water photolysis and hydrogen escape, 4) tidal heating, 5) radiogenic heating, and 6) the magma ocean’s initial temperature. We simulate these phenomena simultaneously with the VPLanet software package, including a new module called MagmOc that treats the thermal and geochemical evolution (water, O2, and CO2) of the magma ocean. We find the TRAPPIST-1 planets’ evolution depends on initial water content and distance from the host star. In a “dry” scenario (initial water content < 5TO, for planet g), the atmosphere after magma ocean solidification is desiccated and devoid of abiotically generated O2. In an “intermediate” scenario (initial water content between 5 and 50TO), the post magma ocean atmosphere still contains water. XUV photolysis of this water leads to abiotic O2 build-up. For “extremely wet” cases (initial water content > 50 TO) or extreme internal heating, the magma ocean lifetime can be extended and quench oxygen build up. The currently inferred high water content of the planets favors the extremely wet scenario for TRAPPIST-1 g and f, i.e. they likely ended their magma ocean state with large amounts of water vapor in their atmospheres but potentially avoid the build-up of large amounts of oxygen. TRAPPIST-1 e, on the other hand, could have experienced the intermediate scenario and is therefore even less likely to possess large amounts of abiotically created atmospheric O2.</pre>

Experimental Study on Solidified Sludge with High Water Content

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 4265-4268
Author(s):  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Ju Hao Hu ◽  
Li Li Yan
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
High Water ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Strength Character

A good deal of high water content sludge which is produced in engineering construction, with high water content, low strength, high compressibility, low permeability, high sensitivity and other undesirable engineering properties, and often contaminated. How to deal with and make rational use of high water content sludge becomes the hot topic discussed by engineering and academia. The material used in this study is sludge with high water content from the Metro construction sites in Hangzhou. In this paper, our main research is the influences of the different contents of cement, lime, gypsum, fly-ash on the curing strength character of silt. The product structure was analyzed by XRD.

scholarly journals Fertilizer Diffusion in Container Medium

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun F. Kelly ◽  
James L. Green ◽  
John S. Selker
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Vapor Phase Transport ◽  
Diffusion Rates

The process of fertilizer diffusion was examined using KBr and NaBr salts placed at the top of columns filled with a container medium at an initial water content of 4.0, 2.5, or 1.0 g·g-1 (mass of water/mass of medium). Columns were sealed to create a protected diffusion zone (PDZ) shielding the system from water infiltration and evaporation. Bromide and water distributions were determined after 5, 10, 25, and 120 days. Using a Fickian diffusion model, effective diffusion coefficients calculated for Br- in the medium at 2.5 g·g-1 ranged from 2.7 to 4.6 × 10-6 cm2·s-1, which is 3 to 9 times less than the diffusion coefficient in water alone. Diffusion rates increased with increasing medium water content. Differences in the hygroscopicity and solubility of KBr and NaBr affected the distribution of water and diffusion rates in the columns. Redistribution of water was driven to a significant degree by vapor-phase transport, caused by large gradients in osmotic potential, and was most apparent at low water content. At high water content, water redistribution was affected by solution density gradients in the system. This significantly complicates the mathematical modeling of the system, which renders a simple Fickian diffusion model of limited predictive value in high and low water content media.

scholarly journals Adjustment of mathematical models and quality of soybean grains in the drying with high temperatures

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo C. Coradi ◽  
Carlos H. P. Fernandes ◽  
Jean C. Helmich
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Effective Diffusivity ◽  
Isosteric Heat ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Moisture Contents

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the initial moisture content of soybeans and the drying air temperatures on drying kinetics and grain quality, and find the best mathematical model that fit the experimental data of drying, effective diffusivity and isosteric heat of desorption. The experimental design was completely randomized (CRD), with a factorial scheme (4 x 2), four drying temperatures (75, 90, 105 and 120 ºC) and two initial moisture contents (25 and 19% d.b.), with three replicates. The initial moisture content of the product interferes with the drying time. The model of Wang and Singh proved to be more suitable to describe the drying of soybeans to temperature ranges of the drying air of 75, 90, 105 and 120 °C and initial moisture contents of 19 and 25% (d.b.). The effective diffusivity obtained from the drying of soybeans was higher (2.5 x 10-11 m2 s-1) for a temperature of 120 °C and water content of 25% (d.b.). Drying of soybeans at higher temperatures (above 105 °C) and higher initial water content (25% d.b.) also increases the amount of energy (3894.57 kJ kg-1), i.e., the isosteric heat of desorption necessary to perform the process. Drying air temperature and different initial moisture contents affected the quality of soybean along the drying time (electrical conductivity of 540.35 µS cm-1g-1); however, not affect the final yield of the oil extracted from soybean grains (15.69%).

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Relationship between Free Load Swelling Rate and Water Content of Medium Expansive Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Cheng Song ◽  
Ligong Yang ◽  
Wei Xia ◽  
Wendong Ji ◽  
Yuting Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Expansion Rate ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Initial Water

Expansive soil has the property of water swelling, which is related not only to the hydrophilic mineral composition of soil particles and the microstructure of soil, but also to the initial moisture content, dry density, and overburden condition of soil. Based on the typical expansive soil in a certain area, the samples were sampled and remodeled at the site. Extensive experimental tests were conducted to investigate the relationship between the hygroscopic expansion rate and the water content of the expansive soil under different initial moisture content, dry density, and free load. The results showed that, under the condition of natural initial water content and dry density, although the hygroscopic expansion rate of the medium expansive soil was nonlinear with the subsequent water content, in the range of large water content (within about 50%), the expansive soil swelled linearly. There was a linear relationship between the rate and the water content. With the increase of the initial water content, the hygroscopic expansion rate and expansion rate of the expansive soil decreased. With the increase of the dry density, the hygroscopic expansion rate and the expansion rate of the expansive soil increased. The water absorption performance did not decrease, and the soil continued to maintain the previous moisture absorption rate and expansion rate after the soil reached saturation, while after the water content reached 1.5∼2.0 times the saturated water content, the soil moisture absorption expansion rate gradually decreased until it finally stabilized. The slope k of the expansion rate increased with the initial dry density and decreased with the initial moisture content. As dry density was increased, the slope k was increased at an increased rate. Moreover, as the initial moisture content was decreased, the slope k was increased at an increased rate.

SOIL WATER CHARACTERISTIC CURVES OF COMPACTED KAOLIN FOR VARIOUS INITIAL MOISTURE CONTENT

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azril Hezmi ◽  
Radzuan Saari ◽  
Mohd Zakri Zahari ◽  
Rini Asnida Abdullah ◽  
Nor Zurairahetty Mohd Yunus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Unsaturated Soils ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
The Relationship

The soil water characteristic curve (SWCC), also known as soil water retention curve (SWRC), describes the relationship between water content and soil suction in unsaturated soils. The importance of SWCC can be seen, as the relationship affects geotechnical properties such as shear strength, volume change, permeability and deformability of unsaturated soils. This paper presented a preliminary study on the effect of initial water content and the density on SWCC on unsaturated compacted kaolin. Filter paper technique was used for suction measurement on the unsaturated compacted kaolin soil. Filter paper was used to determine total suction and matric suction through contact and noncontact technique. The calibration curve was used to relate with the gravimetric water content obtained in filter paper with corresponding suction. A comparison on SWCC established through filter paper was also compared with that of the axis translation technique (pressure plate extractor). The study found that the initial water content and the density respectively, have great influence on the SWCC of compacted kaolin. However, the combined effect could be seen significantly at lower suction

scholarly journals Water Content Influence on Properties of Red-Layers in Guangzhou Metro Line, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jifeng Liu ◽  
Huizhi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Damage Control ◽  
Gaussian Function ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Red Sandstone ◽  
Water Content Increase

In order to reveal water content influence on shear strength, swelling, and creep properties of red-layers in Guangzhou Metro, Southern China, the typical red-layers rock and soil specimens were experimentally studied by direct shear test, UU triaxial test, swelling test, and creep test, and the measured data were analyzed. The results showed that soil internal friction angle exponentially decreased with the water content increase and cohesion in accordance with the Gaussian function firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of water content. Expansion rate significantly decreased with the initial water content increase. The red sandstone had very strong isotropic expansion and disintegration properties. The mechanism of water content effect on red-layers properties was water induced microstructures and mineral compositions change which caused the macro physical and mechanical characteristics degradation. The results should provide the reference for further research for water induced damage mechanism or creep damage control of red-layers in engineering practice.

Hydrogels as Antibacterial Biomaterials

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 843-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiguo Xu ◽  
Shujun Dong ◽  
Yuping Han ◽  
Shuqiang Li ◽  
Yang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Oxygen Permeability ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Biomedical Field

Hydrogels, as a class of materials for tissue engineering and drug delivery, have high water content and solid-like mechanical properties. Currently, hydrogels with an antibacterial function are a research hotspot in biomedical field. Many advanced antibacterial hydrogels have been developed, each possessing unique qualities, namely high water swellability, high oxygen permeability, improved biocompatibility, ease of loading and releasing drugs and structural diversity. In this article, an overview is provided on the preparation and applications of various antibacterial hydrogels. Furthermore, the prospects in biomedical researches and clinical applications are predicted.

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