Biogas Productivity Potential of Agricultural Residue Straw as Mono-Fermentation Substrate

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 2582-2586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ying Li ◽  
Bing Xue Dong ◽  
Zhi Quan ◽  
Ji Bao Chen ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Agricultural Residue ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Soybean Straw ◽  
Productivity Potential ◽  
Biogas Productivity ◽  
Agricultural Straws ◽  
Peanut Straw

The object of this study is to provide the scientific basis of biogas industry with agricultural residue straws as energy biomass. The biogas productivity potential experiment and reactor amplification experiment are carried out to study biogas yield from different agricultural straws including wheat straw, corn straw, peanut straw, soybean straw as well as rice straw, and the relationship between biogas yield and the anaerobic reactor volume with wheat straw as the substrate and with biogas slurry as a source of microorganisms under room temperature conditions (35�?. Micro-aerobic pretreatment fermentation technology is used to treat the agricultural straws. The batch anaerobic digestion technology and drainage collection process are used. The results show that the order of biogas yield from high to low is wheat, rice, corn, peanut and soybean straw. The utilization of peanut straw is the largest, followed by rice, corn, soybean and wheat straw. With wheat straw as the substrate amplification test reactor, gas production of 2.5 L and 1 L reactor is similar, and gas production rate and daily gas production of 2.5 L reactor is about 3 times than that of 15 L reactor.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Coal Reservoir Classification Method Base on Permeability Dynamic Change and Its Application

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinlu Yan ◽  
Songhang Zhang ◽  
Shuheng Tang ◽  
Zhongcheng Li ◽  
Yongxiang Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coalbed Methane ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Initial Permeability ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Gas Desorption ◽  
Reservoir Permeability ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Production Stages ◽  
Productivity Potential ◽  
Coal Reservoir

Due to the unique adsorption and desorption characteristics of coal, coal reservoir permeability changes dynamically during coalbed methane (CBM) development. Coal reservoirs can be classified using a permeability dynamic characterization in different production stages. In the single-phase water flow stage, four demarcating pressures are defined based on the damage from the effective stress on reservoir permeability. Coal reservoirs are classified into vulnerable, alleviative, and invulnerable reservoirs. In the gas desorption stage, two demarcating pressures are used to quantitatively characterize the recovery properties of permeability based on the recovery effect of the matrix shrinkage on permeability, namely the rebound pressure (the pressure corresponding to the lowest permeability) and recovery pressure (the pressure when permeability returns to initial permeability). Coal reservoirs are further classified into recoverable and unrecoverable reservoirs. The physical properties and influencing factors of these demarcating pressures are analyzed. Twenty-six wells from the Shizhuangnan Block in the southern Qinshui Basin of China were examined as a case study, showing that there is a significant correspondence between coal reservoir types and CBM well gas production. This study is helpful for identifying geological conditions of coal reservoirs as well as the productivity potential of CBM wells.

Effect of saponins and plant extracts containing saponins on the recovery of ammonia during urea-ammoniation of wheat straw and fermentation kinetics of the treated straw

1999 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. S. MAKKAR ◽  
E. M. AREGHEORE ◽  
K. BECKER
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Quillaja Saponaria ◽  
Yucca Schidigera ◽  
Kinetics Of

Saponins of Quillaja saponaria bark and the water extract obtained on homogenization of Yucca schidigera plants were used during urea-ammoniation to reduce ammonia loss. In Expt 1, chaffed wheat straw (2–5 cm length) was urea-ammoniated (50 g kg−1 urea, 400 g kg−1 moisture) for 25 days at 37°C with and without Quillaja saponins (QS) or Yucca plant homogenate, YPH (corresponding to 1 and 2 g kg−1Yucca powder). The crude protein (CP) content of untreated straw was 34 g kg−1. After 25 days, CP values of 90 g kg−1 (urea; no saponin), 82 and 86 g kg−1 (urea+QS at 1 and 2 g kg−1) and 102 and 92 g kg−1 (urea+YPH at 1 and 2 g kg−1) were obtained. The ammonia-nitrogen bound (as percentage of urea-nitrogen added) to straw after the treatment was 39 (urea; no saponin), 33 and 36 (urea+QS at 1 and 0·2 g kg−1), and 47 and 40 (urea+YPE at 1 and 2 g kg−1). As the extent of ammonia bound to straw was higher with Yucca plant powder, especially at 1 g kg−1, Yucca plant powder at 0·75 and 1 g kg−1 was used in Expt 2. In Expt 1, the Yucca plant extract was used after homogenization of the Yucca plant powder, which is not feasible at farm level. Therefore, two simpler approaches (overnight soaking of the powder in water (Yucca powder extracted, YPE) and mixing of Yucca powder with the straw followed by urea-ammoniation (Yucca powder, YP) were used besides homogenization. Otherwise, conditions for the urea-ammoniation treatment were similar to those in Expt 1. The ammonia–nitrogen bound (as percentage of urea-nitrogen added) to the straw varied from 47 to 54% in the presence of the Yucca plant powder, which was substantially higher than that observed in its absence (38%). The ammonia-binding efficiency of Yucca plant powder to the straw was highest at 1 g kg−1. Among the three methods tried, addition of the Yucca powder to straw followed by treatment with urea was the easiest, and the binding efficiency was similar to that observed when using the powder after homogenization. In both experiments, the true dry matter- and NDF-digestibilities, calculated organic matter digestibility and metabolizable energy, as well as rate and potential extent of gas production, were significantly higher (P<0·05) in the treated straw than in the untreated straw. These values were affected neither by the source of the saponins nor the manner in which the Yucca powder was applied.

Effect of Pretreatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine Residue on the Biogas Productivity

2011 ◽  
Vol 335-336 ◽  
pp. 1499-1502
Author(s):  
Yu Ying Li ◽  
Wan Li Gao ◽  
Min Hua Du ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Zong Jun Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Energy Material ◽  
Exploitation And Utilization ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Biogas Productivity

The object of this study is to open the new ways of exploitation and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine residue (TCMR) as new energy material to produce biogas through indoor simulation tests. The experiment is carried out to study the effect of physical pretreatment by crusher on the biogas productivity of TCMR under medium temperature condition (35°C). TCMR is used as signal fermentation material without foreign elements which is 5% and cow dung is 10% for inoculum. The batch anaerobic digestion technology and the drainage collection biogas method are used. The results show that there is similar total biogas yield between the smashed TCMR and the unsmashed TCMR, of which the former is 9.35 L and the later is 9.28 L during 51 days fermentation. The biogas yield of smashed TCMR is higher than that of TCMR during fermentation starting period, and lower at the later stage. The results suggest that TCMR could be regarded as biogas fermentation material, and should not be smashed in order to economize the production cost.

scholarly journals Influence of inoculum type (ileal, caecal and faecal) on the in vitro fermentation of different sources of carbohydrates in rabbits

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Abad-Guzmán ◽  
Jose Antonio Larrea-Dávalos ◽  
Rosa Carabaño ◽  
Javier García ◽  
Maria Dolores Carro
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Wheat Starch ◽  
Insoluble Residue ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Production Parameters ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Different Sources

<p>Two <em>in vitro</em> experiments were performed to analyse the fermentative potential of ileal content, caecal content, soft faeces and hard faeces from adult rabbits. Experiment 1 evaluated 3 doses (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g fresh digesta/g substrate dry matter [DM]) of ileal and caecal digesta as inoculum in 28 h-incubations. Two ileal and 2 caecal inocula were obtained, each by pooling the ileal or caecal digesta of 2 adult rabbits. Pectin from sugar beet pulp (SBP) and the insoluble residue obtained after a 2-step <em>in vitro</em> pre-digestion of SBP and wheat straw were used as substrates. The 0.5 dose produced the lowest (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05) amount of gas at 28 h, with no differences (<em>P</em>&gt;0.05) between the 1.0 and 2.0 doses (44.9, 51.6 and 53.8 mL/g substrate DM, respectively; values averaged across inocula and substrates). Experiment 2 evaluated two doses of ileal inoculum (1 and 1.5 g fresh digesta/g substrate DM) and compared ileal digesta, caecal digesta, soft faeces and hard faeces as inoculum for determining <em>in vitro</em> gas production (144-h incubations) of the 3 substrates used in Experiment 1 and wheat starch. Three inocula of each type were obtained, each by pooling either digesta or faeces from 3 rabbits. There were no differences (<em>P</em>&gt;0.05) between the 2 ileal doses tested in gas production parameters, and therefore the 1.0 dose was selected for further ileal fermentations. Starch and pectin showed similar (<em>P</em>&gt;0.05) values of gas production rate and maximal gas production rate when they were fermented with caecal digesta (0.038 vs. 0.043%/h, and 13.7 vs. 15.2 mL/h, respectively), soft (0.022 vs. 0.031%/h, and 9.97 vs. 9.33 mL/h) and hard faeces (0.031 vs. 0.038%/h, and 13.6 vs. 10.8 mL/h), and values were higher than those for SBP and wheat straw; in contrast, values for starch and pectin differed with the ileal inoculum (0.046 vs. 0.024%/h, and 18.4 vs. 6.60 mL/h). Both ileal and caecal gas production parameters were well correlated with those for hard and soft faeces inocula, respectively (r≥0.77; <em>P</em>≤0.040). The ileal inoculum showed a relevant fermentative potential, but lower than that of caecal digesta and soft and hard faeces for all substrates except wheat starch.</p>

scholarly journals Kinetic Study on Biogas Production from Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) Waste and Its Blend with Animal Manure Using Logistic Function Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Christian C. Opurum
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Function Model ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Significant Difference

This research paper aimed to evaluate the kinetics of anaerobic digestion (AD) of mixtures of cabbage waste (CW) with (Poultry dropping (PD) and Cow dung (CD). The study was conducted in 10L bio-digesters for 35 days under mesophilic conditions (25 - 35OC). Logistic function equation was used to simulate the experimental data to test for its goodness of fit and kinetic parameters namely: maximum biogas potential (Pb), the maximum biogas production rate (Rm), and the lag phase duration (λ) were estimated in each treatment. Chemical analysis showed that individual substrates possess characteristics that could support microbial activities in biogas production. The biogas yield in terms of added  volatile solids (VS) in decreasing order was as follows: 0.022, 0.018, 0.017, 0.014, 0.014 and 0.013 dm3/g VS for CW/CD 2:1, CW/PD3:1, CW/CD 1:1, CW alone, CW/PD1:1 and  CW/PD 2:1, respectively. A significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) in biogas yield was recorded in CW/CD 2:1 with 7.19 dm3 (53.29% increase). The kinetic parameters (Pb, Rm, and λ) for CW/CD 2:1 was 7.01 dm3, 1.58 dm3.d, and 2.29 days, respectively. This was followed by CW/PD 3:1 (5.84 dm3); with 24.92% increase in gas production and CW/CD 1:1 (5.42 dm3) with 15.53% increase relative to CW alone, 4.69 dm3. The digesters fed with CW/PD 1:1 and CW/PD 2:1 exhibited inhibitory effects on biogas production, with 7.51 and 2.05% decrease in gas yield, respectively. The logistic function model demonstrated a strong relationship between the experimental and model-predicted data. The high correlation coefficient (R2) ranging between 0.978 - 0.993 is evident. The model proved to be a useful tool in predicting anaerobic digestion and biogas production process.

scholarly journals ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF WHEAT STRAW AND MICOBIOLOGICAL ASSESMENT OF THE RESULTED DIGESTATE

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Hristo Najdenski ◽  
Lyudmila Dimitrova ◽  
Veselin Akivanov ◽  
Venelin Hubenov ◽  
Snejanka Mihailova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Main Components

A study on the anaerobic digestion of wheat straw in a pilot scale bioreactor with an organic load of 2, 5, 7, 10 and 20 g/l and a process duration of 18 to 80 days was performed. The pilot bioreactor used has a computerized system for control and monitoring of various operational parameters – temperature, pH, biogas composition, etc. Total solids, total organics and volatile fatty acids were measured by standard methods and gas chromatography. Daily biogas yield and its main components (CH4, CO2, H2S) were analysed too. During the anaerobic digestion, different species of microorganisms have been isolated from the genera Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Enterococcus and Aeromonas, as well as the species Terribacillus halophilus. With a known pathogenic potential are described Pseudomonas sp., Enterococcus sp. and Aeromonas sp. Studies on the antimicrobial resistance of all isolated strains show resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin, bacitracin, ceftriaxone, gentamicin and vancomycin. The cellulose degrading activity of some of the bacterial isolates, their pathogenic potential and antimicrobial resistance are discussed in detail in the light of the data on the mechanisms of proven resistance.

scholarly journals Increasing the Yield of Biogas and Electricity during Manure Fermentation Cattle by Optimally Adding Lime to Extruded Straw

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Polishchuk ◽  
◽  
Sergey Shvorov ◽  
Igor Flonts ◽  
Taras Davidenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Periodic Loading ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Slaked Lime ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Biogas Plants

The aim of the work is to increase the yield of biogas and the generation of electricity in biogas plants through the combined fermentation of cattle manure with extruded wheat straw and slaked lime. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: the biogas yield from cattle manure with pellets of extruded wheat straw was determined without the use of slaked lime; when fermenting manure and pellets of extruded straw with different amounts of lime before extrusion, during extrusion and after extrusion with periodic loading of the bioreactor. The biogas volume was measured using the Krivoruchko method. To carry out the experiment, we used plastic bags (fermenters), a device for sealing the bags, a pH meter, and a calibrated cylinder. A seed was added to the calculated amount of biomass at the rate of 1 part of the sample to 4 parts of the seed, air was displaced from the fermenter and the hole was hermetically sealed. After that, the bag was placed in a thermostat at 37.5°C for 35 days. The volume of the bags was measured every seven days. On the basis of the experimental studies, the dependence of the biogas yield depending on the concentration, as well as the method of adding a solution of slaked lime in straw (before, during, after extrusion) was determined. The most significant research result is that the optimal ratio of straw extruded together with lime as a cosubstrate will increase the output of biogas and electricity by more than 60%.

A Study on Dry Anaerobic Fermentation Technology of Pineapple Leaf Residue

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 178-182
Author(s):  
Yi Guo Deng ◽  
Jin Li Wang ◽  
Jing Jiao ◽  
Yong Zheng ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Fermentation Temperature ◽  
Leaf Residue

A self-designed constant temperature fermenter was manufactured and used for this study. Dry anaerobic fermentation experiments were conducted with sugarcane leaf residue as raw material. With the C/N ratio being 25:1, various total solids concentrations (TS), inoculum sizes and fermentation temperatures were selected to study biogas production characteristics. The experiment results showed that biogas yield increased rapidly during the initial stage of reaction, decreased quickly after reaching the peak, and the decrease slowed down at some level. Orthogonal experiment results showed that both fermentation temperature and solids concentration showed significant effects on gas production yield. Fermentation temperature showed the most significant effect, while the effect of inoculum size was not significant on gas yield. The optimum fermentation performance was obtained at 20% solid content, 35°C fermentation temperature, and 30% inoculum size.

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