Influence of Zeolite Dose on Eliminating Nitrogen Load of Europhia Sediment Capping with Active Barrier System (ABS)

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Ting Lin Huang ◽  
Jin Lan Xu ◽  
Jun Chen Kang ◽  
Dong Dong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Good Control ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Sediment Capping ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
N Release ◽  
Active Barrier ◽  
Principal Pathway

Abstract: This study investigated to eliminate the nitrogen load of sediment from Yangzhou ancient canal capping with an active barrier system (ABS) using two kinds of zeolite with five different coverage densities. For ABS capping with zeolite F1 when the zeolite dose is low (0.21 kg/m2 and 0.62 kg/m2), it is found that ABS failed to achieve good control in preventing N release in the entrophic sediments as total nitrogen (TN) concentrations of overlying water were increased to 3.76 mg/L and 3.13 mg/L, respectively after 16 days. However, when zeolite density was increased to 1.04 kg/m2, TN concentration of overlying water decreased to 1.94 mg/L and TN removal efficiency is up to 50% after 16 days. For ABS capping with zeolite F2 TN concentration of overlying water is reported to descend in both low dose and high dose series. It is found that zeolite F2 is unfit for remediation of sediments from ancient Canal in Yangzhou because the ability in preventing release of ammonia nitrogen from sediments is weak. A possible explanation is that microorganism attaching on surface of two zeoltes differs to cause large difference of removal capacity between zeolite F1 and zeolite F2. It is found that nitrification and denitrification is the principal pathway for the former one while nitrite accumulation appears in the latter. To sum up, the capacity of eliminating TN load by zeolite F1 is stronger than that by zeolite F2, the optimum capping density of zeolite F1 is 1.04 kg/m2.

Influence of the Initial Nitrogen Concentration on Eliminating Nitrogen Load of Europhia Sediment Capping with Active Barrier System (ABS)

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 498-503
Author(s):  
Jin Lan Xu ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Jun Chen Kang ◽  
Ting Lin Huang ◽  
Yu Hua Dong
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Sediment Capping ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Total Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Active Barrier

Abstract: Active barrier system (ABS) capping zeolite with large surface area and strong adsorption ability is an effective way to control eutrophication of lake since it can remove ammonia in the lake released by sediment. Influence of the initial nitrogen concentration on eliminating nitrogen load of europhia sediment capping with active barrier system (ABS) were studied through an investigation of the repairment results of serious pollution period (total nitrogen concentration up to 25.33 mg/L), moderate pollution period (14.39 mg/L) and the slight pollution period (3.47 mg/L) of the ancient Canal of Yangzhou. The results showed that: (1) zeolite F1 inhibition effect is stronger than zeolite F2. More TN were removed as the initial TN concentration increased and longer rapid inhibit period were presented with the increased initial TN concentration. (2) The ammonia nitrogen in sediment could be rapidly released into the overlying water, and with lower initial TN concentration in source water, more ammonia would be released from the sediment. Long time treatment was necessary to inhibit the release of ammonia completely if the water showed a high initial TN concentration. (3) After covering zeolite, the total nitrogen in the overlying water were removed mainly through nitrification and denitrification. At the initial TN concentration of 3.47 mg/L, 14.39 mg/L, 25.88 mg/L, 61%, 45% and 52% of TN were removed by the conversion of ammonia to nitrogen gas, however, others left in water as nitrate nitrogen and nitrite residues, and 90% was nitrate nitrogen.

Effect of the Type of Zeolite on Eliminating Nitrogen Load of Europhia Sediment Capping with Active Barrier System (ABS)

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 1141-1146
Author(s):  
Jin Lan Xu ◽  
Ai Ping Liu ◽  
Jun Chen Kang ◽  
Ting Lin Huang ◽  
Yu Hua Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Total N ◽  
Barrier Materials ◽  
Sediment Capping ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Active Barrier ◽  
High Level

Abstract: The application of an active zeolite barrier was investigated to improvement of eutrophication in the ancient Canal. For this, four types of zeolites (diameter: 1～2 mm) were applied in order to investage effect of the type of zeolite on N removal. The dosage of the zeolites was 1.46 kg.m-2 and the ammonium concentrations in overlying water were 3.47 mg/L. It is found that the capacity of elimination total N of the four zeolites was significant and decreased with the following order: Haiyu zeolite F1 > Aolin zeolite F2 > Natural zeolite F3 > Calcium zeolite F4. In addition, the results show that zeolite F1 and F2 belong to N inhibiting type as TN concentration of overlying water quickly reduced to 2.53 mg/L, 3.7 mg/L, and the corresponding removal efficiency of TN is as high as 56% and 35.6% after covering zeolite F1 and F2. The results indicated that the consumption rates of ammonia nitrogen in this system is greater than or equal to release rates of ammonia from sediment. However, TN concentration of overlying water still rise to high level (1.57 times of initial TN) when covering zeolite F3 and F4 (N non-inhibited type). Therefore, it is considered that the Haiyu zeolite should be the best barrier materials to clean sediment of the ancient Canal.

Antihyperlipidemic and Antiobesity potential of Aquilaria agallocha & Borago officinalis in Fixed Dose Combination; A Contingent Probe with Atorvastatin & Orlistat

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohima Oraon ◽  
Tarique Mahmood ◽  
Arshiya Shamim ◽  
Farogh Ahsan ◽  
Mohammad Shariq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Fixed Dose Combination ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Borago Officinalis ◽  
Dose Combination

: Hyperlipidemia and Obesity have been an alarmingly rising health disorders for the past few decades worldwide. They eventually pave way for cardiovascular and other metabolic health risks that are manifested with elevated blood lipid levels. Atherosclerosis, Coronary artery disease and Cerebrovascular diseases, are some major complications of hyperlipidemia. The current clinically available drugs like, Statins & HMG-Co-A inhibitors have a good control on hyperlipidemia but present many insalubrious effects like myopathy & hepatotoxicity that questions their risk-benefit ratio. The current study was designed to develop a fixed-dose combination (FDC) of extracts of Aquilaria agallocha and Borago officinalis, to delve into therapeutic resources that have synergistic benefits and could overpower the adverse effects of modern therapy. These plants are well reported for cardioprotective, immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective potentials. The FDC developed with these plants was examined for its antihyperlipidemic and antiobesity potential in HFD fed animal model (Vijaya et al) for Hyperlipidemia. The extracts from leaves of Borago officinalis and Aquilaria agallocha were administered perorally for 28 days in a fixed dose combination (FDC) in HFD fed rats. The physical and the biochemical parameters; viz, the gross examination of liver, heart, heart weight/body weight ratio, atherogenic index, various hepatic & cardiac biomarker enzymes and serum lipid markers were scrutinized. The result of the study suggested that both the low and high dose of the FDC of Aquilaria agallocha & Borago officinalis has significant Anti-Hyperlipidemic and Anti-Obesity potential against High-fat diet-induced Hyperlipidemia and Obesity when compared to disease control group (at p<0.01 & p<0.001) and their effects were at par with clinically established drugs Atorvastatin & Orlistat.

scholarly journals Isolation and degradation characteristics of bacteria in black and odorous water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Yuan ◽  
Gangcai Chen ◽  
Yuchun Xiao ◽  
Jianxia Yang ◽  
Liping Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Bacterial Agent ◽  
Functional Bacteria ◽  
Final Compound ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Optimized Conditions

Abstract Bioremediation is one of the treatment technologies for the black-odorous water, and obtaining functional bacteria is the key step to its success. In this study, a number of highly efficient pollutant degrading strains were isolated from the sediment of black-odorous river, and were identified by phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis. The composite bacterial agent J1 was mixed by strains A1, A2, A5 and A7, with a volume ratio of 4:4:2:1. And the final compound bacteria injected into black-odorous water were composed of J1 and NS3, with the volume ratio of 1:1. Optimized degradation conditions of compound bacterium agent were as follows: pH 7.5, DO 2.5 mg/L, temperature 30 °C. Under optimized conditions, add 1% by volume to the black-odorous water for a 50-day experimental operation. Finally, the overlying water ammonia nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total phosphorus has been significantly degraded. The research is expected to contribute to the use of bioremediation methods to repair black-odorous water, and the application of isolates can be carried out in-situ for water types similar to pollute waterways.

scholarly journals Effects of Seasonal Thermal Stratification on Ammonia Nitrogen Transformation in a Source Water Reservoir

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2218
Author(s):  
Jianchao Shi ◽  
Lianxiang Wang ◽  
Yongrui Yang ◽  
Tinglin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Thermal Stratification ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Experimental Chamber ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Ammonia Accumulation

Seasonal thermal stratification has a significant impact on water quality. In this paper, the variation of vertical distribution of ammonia nitrogen in a source water reservoir was studied, on the base of field monitoring data. The dominant factor of the variation in ammonia nitrogen is the anaerobic environment caused by the seasonal thermal stratification, which leads to the degradation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds in the sediments. To determine the rates of ammonia accumulation, an in situ experimental chamber was used. The results showed that, before the formation of thermal stratification in the reservoir, sediments in the bottom of the water have a high tendency to release ammonia; the rates of ammonia accumulation in the overlying water are 40.31–111.41 mg·m−2·d−1. However, thermal stratification causes changes in the physical and chemical properties of the sediment and reduction in the degradability of the nitrogen-containing compound in the sediment. The rates of ammonia accumulation (39.44–44.65 mg·m−2·d−1) after thermal stratification are lower than before. Considering the water pollution hazards caused by seasonal thermal stratification, it is necessary to take corresponding emergency response measures to cope with the possibility of water pollution risk.

scholarly journals Plant Nitrogen Uptake From Insect Frass Is Affected by the Nitrification Rate as Revealed by Urease and Nitrification Inhibitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor Watson ◽  
Timo Preißing ◽  
Florian Wichern
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitors ◽  
N Release

Insect protein production is considered a sustainable alternative to livestock protein which furthermore utilizes waste streams. Its production can have positive but also potentially negative environmental effects, which require evaluation. Frass, the byproduct of insect production, is regarded an efficient organic fertilizer or soil amendment. However, several studies report negative frass effects on plant growth and nitrogen (N) cycling. Therefore, a pot trial was carried out which sought to understand N release from frass and subsequent growth and nutrient uptake of Italian ryegrass. Mealworm frass (MWF) or buffalo worm frass (BFW) was applied at two rates (1.5 and 3% w/w) to a soil-sand mix. To evaluate N release processes, frass was applied alone, with a nitrification inhibitor (NI), a urease inhibitor (UI), or both (NI+UI). Plant N, nutrient uptake and soil inorganic N were measured at the experiment's end. To gauge whether altered N fluxes induced changes in the microbial community, soil microbial biomass, bacterial/archaeal abundances and ergosterol content as a fungal biomarker, were determined. Both frass types and application rates stimulated microbial growth and N mineralization. The 3% rate inhibited seed germination, possibly due to salinity or ammonia toxicity. At the 1.5% rate, both frass types were effective fertilizers. MWF led to higher biomass and nutrient uptake, owing to its higher extractable nutrient concentrations. The 3% rate caused nitrite accumulation in the absence of NI. NI improved plant biomass, nutrient uptake, stimulated archaeal and bacterial abundances and prevented nitrite accumulation. UI reduced N mineralization, showing that a substantial fraction of frass organic N is ureic. UI enhanced fungal contribution to the microbial biomass, revealing the importance of bacteria in frass N mineralization processes when UI is not applied. NI and UI combined, induced greater N release from frass than UI or NI alone. Our study demonstrated the usefulness of NI and UI in studying N release from frass. NI can improve plant N uptake and minimize N losses following frass application, reducing its potentially negative effects. UI can retard N release from frass, allowing its application as a slow-release fertilizer, but should not be used concurrently with NI.

scholarly journals Partial Nitrification in a Sequencing Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (SMBBR) with Zeolite as Biomass Carrier: Effect of Sulfide Pulses and Organic Matter Presence

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 2484
Author(s):  
César Huiliñir ◽  
Vivian Fuentes ◽  
Carolina Estuardo ◽  
Christian Antileo ◽  
Ernesto Pino-Cortés
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sulfide Oxidation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Partial Nitrification ◽  
Liquid Volume ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Moving Bed

This work aimed to achieve partial nitrification (PN) in a Sequencing Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor SMBBR with zeolite as a biomass carrier by using sulfide pulses in the presence of organic matter as an inhibitor. Two conditions were evaluated: sulfide (HS−) = 5 mg S/L and vvm (air volume per liquid volume per minute, L of air L−1 of liquid min−1) = 0.1 (condition 1); and a HS− = 10 mg S/L and a vvm = 0.5 (condition 2). The simultaneous effect of organic matter and sulfide was evaluated at a Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) = 350 mg/L and HS− = 5 mg S/L, with a vvm = 0.5. As a result, using the sulfide pulse improved the nitrite accumulation in both systems. However, Total Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN) oxidation in both processes decreased by up to 60%. The simultaneous presence of COD and sulfide significantly reduced the TAN and nitrite oxidation, with a COD removal yield of 80% and sulfide oxidation close to 20%. Thus, the use of a sulfide pulse enabled PN in a SMBBR with zeolite. Organic matter, together with the sulfide pulse, almost completely inhibited the nitrification process despite using zeolite.

scholarly journals Seasonal Release Potential of Sediments in Reservoirs and its Impact on Water Quality Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suduan Hu ◽  
Tianxiang Wang ◽  
Shiguo Xu ◽  
Lingxiao Ma ◽  
and Xinguo Sun
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Equilibrium Concentrations ◽  
Release Potential ◽  
Quality Surface

Reservoir sediments act as important receivers and sources for nutrients in the overlaying water. To determine the sediments adsorption and release characteristics and their impacts on water quality, surface sediments samples collected from Biliuhe reservoir in August 2015 were studied through simulation experiments in a laboratory. The results demonstrated that the equilibrium concentrations (EC0) of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+–N) and total phosphorus (TP) were 8.29 mg/L and 0.025 mg/L, respectively, which were both higher than the average concentrations in the overlying water. Therefore, the sediments of Biliuhe reservoir mainly acted as the pollution sources for NH4+–N and TP, and the release to water showed a seasonal variation. When potential release amounts were considered, the average concentrations of NH4+–N and TP in the overlaying water could reach 6.4 mg/L and 0.21 mg/L, respectively, which significantly exceeded the current contents. Further, water quality exhibited a decreased tendency after taking the release potential of nutrients into account of water quality assessment. Among the samples, 42% and 33% of them in summer and autumn exceeded the third level of the National Surface Water Quality Standards of China (GB3838-2002). The results indicated that sediments release potential had an unignored influence on water quality during various seasons.

Ondansetron Usage in HIV Positive Patients: A Pilot Study on the Control of Nausea and Vomiting in Patients on High Dose Co-Trimoxazole for Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 293-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Gompels ◽  
S McWilliams ◽  
M O'Hare ◽  
J R W Harris ◽  
A J Pinching ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia ◽  
Pneumocystis Carinii ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
First Episode ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Serious Adverse Event ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Single Centre Study

This was an open, single centre study, to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ondansetron in the treatment of co-trimoxazole associated nausea and vomiting in AIDS patients. Sixteen patients presenting with their first episode of HIV-associated Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) on high dose co-trimoxazole were given ondansetron 8 mg orally, every 8h. Measurements were made from data recorded by each patient on diary cards. In this study 11 out of 16 (69%) patients on ondansetron experienced good control of emesis (2 or less emetic episodes) on their ‘worst day’ of therapy and 8 out of 16 (50%) of patients demonstrated good control of emesis throughout their treatment with co-trimoxazole. Good control of nausea (mild or none) was achieved in 7 out of 16 (47%) patients. A total of 7 patients were able to complete the full course of co-trimoxazole whilst on ondansetron. One serious adverse event (Stevens-Johnson syndrome) was reported and felt to be unrelated to ondansetron. If conventional anti-emetics fail to achieve control of symptoms or have unacceptable side effects, ondansetron may represent a possible alternative.

Research on Performance Effected by HRT of PAC-MF Integrated Process

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1115-1118
Author(s):  
Cong Ma ◽  
Shui Li Yu ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Lin Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hydraulic Residence Time ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Capital Construction

The hydraulic residence time (HRT) is a key parameter affecting the water treatment process, concerning water quality guarantee, short HRT will shrink capacity of structure, in order to reduce capital construction fee and operation cost. Filtration experiments using a bench-scale immersed membrane separation system combined with a high dose of PAC (powdered activated carbon) were conducted in order to investigate the effect for organic matters, pesticides and ammonia-nitrogen, and choose the optimal hydraulic retention time. The experiments were carried out under such operation conditions as a filtration rate of 0.5m/d, water temperature of 20°C. Synthetic water was used as the source water; the average influent concentrations of TOC (total organic carbon), and NH3-N (ammonia nitrogen) were 7.8mg/l, 6.8mg/l, respectively，201μg/L for THMFP and 201μg/L for Nitrobenzene. The results illustrated that, when HRT reduced from 3h to 1h, the removal rate of TOC, UV254 decreased a little, so did ammonia-nitrogen. But it had little effect on THMFP and nitrobenzene. When HRT was 1 hour, the average removal rate of TOC was 75%, 92% for ammonia-nitrogen, 97.5% for nitrobenzene and 75% for THMFP, which was all less than that of GB5749-2006 and that’s the optimal hydraulic retention time.

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