Economic Analysis Model for Biopower Plants Based on Biomass Logistics Networks and its Application in Heilongjiang Province, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 356-360
Author(s):  
Jin Zhuo Wu ◽  
Li Hai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Business Taxes ◽  
Logistics Networks ◽  
Biomass Logistics ◽  
Biomass Availability

A mathematical model was developed to assess the economic feasibility of a biomass-based power plant in the Northeast of China. The objective of this model is to maximizes the net present value (NPV) of a biopower plant over its economic life, which subjects to the constraints of biomass availability, plant investment and operation & maintenance costs, plant capacity, transportation logistics, raw material and product pricing, financing, and business taxes. The model was applied in a biopower plant located in Wangkui County, China, which belongs to the National Bio-Energy Group Company Limited. Results showed that the maximum NPV of the Wangkui Biopower plant in the base case was approximately 117 million Yuan given the electricity sale price of 0.64 Yuan kWh-1 (or 0.75Yuan kWh-1 with tax). This study provides a reference for evaluating the economic feasibility of biopower plants based on biomass logistics networks in China.

scholarly journals Biomass cogeneration plants integrated into poultry slaughterhouses for reducing industry costs with energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e50967
Author(s):  
Abilio Teixeira de Siqueira ◽  
Edson Bazzo ◽  
Pedro Lo Giudice ◽  
Eduardo Burin
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Steam Pressure ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Payback Time ◽  
Full Load Operation ◽  
Temperature Levels ◽  
Current Price ◽  
Plant Configuration

A technical and economic feasibility analysis was performed concerning biomass cogeneration to supply the thermal and electricity demands of poultry slaughterhouses. The analysis considers measured data referring to the annual energy consumption from an existing industry as well as the characteristics of equipment available in the Brazilian market. The cogeneration plant is equipped with a water tube steam generator and a condensing-extraction steam turbine in a Rankine cycle. Four different configurations were evaluated, including impulse and reaction turbines at two steam pressure/temperature levels (43 bar / 450 °C and 68 bar / 520 °C). A steady state full load operation is considered at cogeneration mode on the weekdays and at Rankine power plant mode on the weekends, when there is no process steam consumption. The technical analysis pointed out the reaction turbine at 68 bar / 520 ºC as the best alternative, leading to the highest overall efficiency. In addition, this plant configuration showed economic advantages represented by an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 21%, a Net Present Value (NPV) of US$ 10.93 million, and a payback time of 6 years, enabling a reduction on the industrial cost with energy in the slaughterhouse to 19 US$/ton of product (-30% in comparison to the base case). Finally, the calculated LCOE of 73 US$/MWh was lower than the current price of the electricity in the market, indicating potential economic feasibility of the proposed concept.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy Integration: Economic Assessment of Solar Energy to Produce Biodiesel at Supercritical Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. León ◽  
Gisela Montero ◽  
Marcos A. Coronado ◽  
Conrado García ◽  
Héctor E. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Energy Integration ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Supercritical Conditions

In recent years, research on noncatalytic methods for biodiesel production has increased, mainly processes under supercritical conditions that allow the processing of waste vegetable oils (WVO) without the need to use catalysts, where the absence of catalyst simplifies the processes of purification of biodiesel. The high consumption of alcohol and energy to maintain the appropriate conditions of pressure and temperature of the reaction has turned the processes of supercritical conditions into an unfeasible method. However, the stages of biodiesel purification and methanol recovery are more straightforward, allowing the reduction of the total energy consumption by 25% compared to alkaline methods. Therefore, the present work describes a study through Aspen Plus® of the production of biodiesel by a process in supercritical conditions with WVO as raw material. Also, a solar collector arrangement was structured using the TRNSYS® simulator to supply energy to the process. To evaluate the economic feasibility of the proposed process, the installation of a pilot plant in Mexicali, Baja California, was considered. The internal rate of return (IRR) and the net present value (NPV) were determined for ten-year period. The planned system allows supplying solar energy, 69.5% of the energy required by the process, thus reducing the burning of fossil fuels and the operation cost. Despite the additional investment cost, for the solar collectors, the process manages to maintain a competitive production cost of USD 0.778/l of biodiesel. With an IRR of 31.7%, the investment is recovered before the fifth year of operation. The integration and implementation of clean technologies are vital in the development of the biofuels.

scholarly journals 1,2—Propanediol Production from Glycerol Derived from Biodiesel’s Production: Technical and Economic Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5081
Author(s):  
Juan B. Restrepo ◽  
Carlos D. Paternina-Arboleda ◽  
Antonio J. Bula
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Reaction Scheme ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Economic Study ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Input Variables

For every nine tons of produced biodiesel, there is another ton of glycerol as a byproduct. Therefore, glycerol prices dropped significantly worldwide in recent years; the more significant biodiesel production is, the more glycerol exists as a byproduct. glycerol prices also impact the biodiesel manufacturing business, as it could be sold according to its refinement grade. The primary objective of this work was to evaluate the economic potential of the production of 1,2-propanediol derived from the biodiesel produced in Colombia. A plant to produce 1,2-propanediol via catalytic hydrogenation of glycerol in a trickle-bed reactor was designed. The plant comprised a reaction scheme where non-converted excess hydrogen was recycled, and the heat generated in the reactor was recovered. The reactor effluent was sent to a separation train where 98% m/m purity 1,2-propanediol was attained. Capital and operational costs were estimated from the process simulation. The net present value (NPV) and the modified internal return rate (MIRR) of the plant were used to assess the viability of the process. Their sensitivity to key input variables was evaluated to find the viability limits of the project. The economic potential of the 1,2-propanediol was calculated in USD 1.2/kg; for the base case, the NPV and the MIRR were USD 54.805 million and 22.56%, respectively, showing that, for moderate variations in products and raw material prices, the process is economically viable.

scholarly journals Spent FCC E-Cat: Towards a Circular Approach in the Oil Refining Industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Ferella ◽  
Idiano D’Adamo ◽  
Simona Leone ◽  
Valentina Innocenzi ◽  
Ida De Michelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Fluid Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Refining Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow

Every year the oil refining industry consumes thousand tons of fluid catalytic cracking zeolite from the E-cat generated in the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit. In the present paper, a new process for recycling of fluid catalytic cracking catalysts (FCCCs) is presented. The process, previously tested at laboratory scale, was simulated by SuperPro Designer catalysts (FCCCs, also known as equilibrium catalysts, E-cat), which are mainly landfilled. Their intrinsic value is quite low and the content of rare earth elements (REEs), as lanthanum and cerium oxides, is around 3%wt. Moreover, their reuse in other industrial processes as raw material is very scarce. For each metric ton of spent FCCC treated for recovery of REEs, nearly the same amount of waste is generated from the process, the majority of which is represented by the solid residue resulting from the leaching stage. The manuscript presents a technological study and an economic analysis for the recovery of REEs, as well as the production of synthetic © software package. The plant was designed for a capacity of 4000 metric tons per year. The discounted cash flow (DCF) method was applied and Net Present Value (NPV) equal to about two-million € and Discounted Payback Time (DPBT) equal to two years defined the profitability of the process for recycling of FCCCs. This result depends on the selling price of zeolite. Consequently, a break-even point (BEP) analysis was conducted on this critical variable and the condition of economic feasibility was verified with a price of 1070 €/ton. This study tried to implement recycling strategies towards circular economy models.

scholarly journals Cost Analysis and Economic Evaluation for Manufacturing Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles from Eggshell Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-226
Author(s):  
T Annisa ◽  
◽  
A Azkiya ◽  
R N Fauzi ◽  
A B D Nandiyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Return On Investment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Eggshell Waste

The aim of this study is to evaluate the economic feasibility of manufacturing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles from eggshell waste. The economic analysis perspective is carried out by calculating various economic parameters, namely gross profit margin (GPM), payback period (PBP), break event point (BEP), internal rate return (IRR), creating net present value (CNPV), return on investment ( ROI) and profitability index (PI). The results show that the production of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles from eggshell waste is prospective. Technical analysis to produce 30,150 Kg of hydroxyapatite per year shows the total cost of equipment purchased is Rp. 230,580,000.00, and the total cost of raw materials is Rp. 890,235,720.00. The profit obtained from the sale of the product is Rp. 4,520,803,500.00/year. Within 20 years of the construction of this project, using eggshells as a raw material for production can reduce the accumulation of eggshell waste. This project can compete with PBP capital market standards due to the short return on investment of around 3 years. To ensure feasibility, the project is estimated from ideal to worst case conditions in production, including labor, sales, raw materials, utilities, as well as external conditions (taxes and subsidiaries). The benefits of this research are that it can provide information on the economic feasibility of manufacturing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on a large scale, and can optimize/develop projects for further investigation.

scholarly journals Economic Perspective in the Production of Copper Nanowire using Amino Acids as Capping Agent

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Puspa Sari Dewi ◽  
Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ideal Condition ◽  
Capping Agent ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Copper Nanowire

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the economic feasibility of making copper nanowire using amino acids as a capping agent. The evaluation was conducted from two perspectives, namely engineering analysis and economic evaluation using parameters such as gross profit margin, payback period, breakeven points, and net present value. An economic evaluation was also carried out comparing the use of amino acids Glycine, Lysine, Proline, and Alanine to find out which amino acids were more profitable in the production of copper nanowire. Furthermore, the evaluation is done by estimating the ideal situation and several other state assumptions such as changes in raw material prices, labor costs, and also income tax. From the results of this study, Glycine is known as the most profitable amino acid to be used in this process. In addition, by using Glycine as an ideal condition, based on the results of the evaluation of all parameters, this project is classified as prospective to do. Although further studies must be carried out to develop this project, this study can be the basis for developing new methods of making copper nanowire on a large scale.

scholarly journals Techno-Economic Evaluation of Hand Sanitiser Production Using Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch-Based Bioethanol by Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Fahriz Perdana Harahap ◽  
Jabosar Ronggur Hamonangan Panjaitan ◽  
Catia Angli Curie ◽  
Muhammad Yusuf Arya Ramadhan ◽  
Penjit Srinophakun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification And Fermentation ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification

Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) is a potential raw material abundantly available for bioethanol production. However, the second-generation bioethanol is still not yet economically feasible. The COVID-19 pandemic increases the demand for ethanol as the primary ingredient of hand sanitisers. This study evaluates the techno-economic feasibility of hand sanitiser production using OPEFB-based bioethanol. OPEFB was alkaline-pretreated, and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) was then performed by adding Saccharomyces cerevisiae and cellulose enzyme. The cellulose content of the OPEFB increased from 39.30% to 63.97% after pretreatment. The kinetic parameters of the OPEFB SSF at 35 °C, which included a µ max, ks, and kd of 0.018 h−1, 0.025 g/dm3, and 0.213 h−1, respectively, were used as input in SuperPro Designer® v9.0. The total capital investment (TCI) and annual operating costs (AOC) of the plant were $645,000 and $305,000, respectively, at the capacity of 2000 kg OPEFB per batch. The batch time of the modelled plant was 219 h, with a total annual production of 32,506.16 kg hand sanitiser. The minimum hand sanitiser selling price was found to be $10/L, achieving a positive net present value (NPV) of $108,000, showing that the plant is economically feasible.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of a New Electricity and Freshwater Production System Based on an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle and Multi-Effect Desalination

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 7996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Hamrang ◽  
Afshar Shokri ◽  
S. M. Seyed Mahmoudi ◽  
Biuk Ehghaghi ◽  
Marc A. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Integrated Gasification

Integrated biomass gasification combined cycles can be advantageous for providing multiple products simultaneously. A new electricity and freshwater generation system is proposed based on the integrated gasification and gas turbine cycle as the main system, and a steam Rankine cycle and multi-effect desalination system as the waste heat recovery units. To evaluate the performance of the system, energy, exergy, and economic analyses were performed. Also, a parametric analysis was performed to assess the effects of various parameters on the system’s performance criteria. The economic feasibility of the plant was analyzed in terms of net present value. For the base case, the performance metrics are evaluated as W.net=8.347 MW, ε=46.22%, SUCP=14.07 $/GJ, and m.fw=11.7 kg/s. Among all components of the system, the combustion chamber is the greatest contributor to the exergy destruction rate, at 3250 kW. It is shown with the parametric analysis that raising the combustion temperature leads to higher electricity and freshwater production capacity. For a fuel cost of 2 $/GJ and an electricity price of 0.07 $/kWh, the total net present value at the end of plant’s lifespan is 6.547×106 $, and the payback period is 6.75 years. Thus, the plant is feasible from an economic perspective.

scholarly journals Economic Feasibility of Agrivoltaic Systems in Food-Energy Nexus Context: Modelling and a Case Study in Niger

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1906
Author(s):  
Srijana Neupane Bhandari ◽  
Sabine Schlüter ◽  
Wilhelm Kuckshinrichs ◽  
Holger Schlör ◽  
Rabani Adamou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Context Modelling

In the literature, many studies outline the advantages of agrivoltaic (APV) systems from different viewpoints: optimized land use, productivity gain in both the energy and water sector, economic benefits, etc. A holistic analysis of an APV system is needed to understand its full advantages. For this purpose, a case study farm size of 0.15 ha has been chosen as a reference farm at a village in Niger, West Africa. Altogether four farming cases are considered. They are traditional rain-fed, irrigated with diesel-powered pumps, irrigated with solar pumps, and the APV system. The APV system is further analyzed under two scenarios: benefits to investors and combined benefits to investors and farmers. An economic feasibility analysis model is developed. Different economic indicators are used to present the results: gross margin, farm profit, benefit-cost ratio, and net present value (NPV). All the economic indicators obtained for the solar-powered irrigation system were positive, whereas all those for the diesel-powered system were negative. Additionally, the diesel system will emit annually about 4005 kg CO2 to irrigate the chosen reference farm. The land equivalent ratio (LER) was obtained at 1.33 and 1.13 for two cases of shading-induced yield loss excluded and included, respectively.

scholarly journals Economic Evaluation of Different Fuels in the Production of La2NiO4 Particles using A Sol-Gel Combustion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto ◽  
◽  
Dea Bella Dewary Atika Putri ◽  
Yayan Sunarya ◽  
Jarot Raharjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ideal Condition ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Gel Combustion

Lanthanum nickelate (La2NiO4) is a precursor for producing lanthanum pentanickel (LaNi5) alloys for nickel-metal hydride battery (NiMH; a type of rechargeable battery), which has been developed quite rapidly for many applications, such as Hybrid Electric Vehicles. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the economic feasibility of the production of La2NiO4 with different fuels (i.e., glycine fuel (F-G) and citric acid fuel (F-CA)) using a sol-gel combustion method. Several economic evaluation parameters were analyzed, such as gross profit margin, internal rate of return, payback period, cumulative net present value, and so on. The project was evaluated from the ideal condition to the worst-case conditions, including labor, sales, raw material, utility, as well as external conditions (e.g., tax). The results showed that the production of La2NiO4 is prospective from engineering and economic perspectives. The engineering analysis for both production steps using F-G and F-CA is feasible, and the production can be done even in small-scale production using commercially available apparatus. The economic analysis showed that the process using F-CA is better than that using F-G. From this economic evaluation analysis, the project is profitable and the recovery of the investment is less than seven years for F-G and four years for F-CA. Although this project is feasible to run and profitable, it is not attractive to industrial investors due to the fewer values in some parameters. Thus, since this material is very important to reduce dependence on imports, additional further technologies for improving processes and support from Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and government are important for maintaining this project.

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