Study on Milling Periods on the Iron Mill Scale Particle Size and Properties

The relations between the milling periods with the iron mill scale particle size have been studied. Iron mill scale has been chosen for this research due to the nature of itself, as a by-product. From this research, the average optimum size for the final iron mill scale particle size intended to produce is at 300 μm. Raw iron mill scale received from the industries was in the form of chip with the average size of 10 mm across and 1.5 mm thickness. Three different samples from three different steel mill companies have been used for this study. Rolling ball mill has been used to mill the iron mill scale with two different milling periods, which were two hours and six hours. After the milling process, the iron mill scale was sieved using sieving machine to a few specified grating sizes. Weight of each sample collected from each grating size was calculated in order to get the percentage of the particle size distribution of the iron mill scale after the milling process. Sample collected from Steel Mill 1 (SM1) and Steel Mill 3 (SM3) showing finer particle size produced after the milling period of six hours as compared to two hours. However sample from Steel Mill 2 (SM2) showing different trend of particle size collected as compared to SM1 and SM3. Coarser particle size was collected after the milling periods of six hours as compared to two hours. Characterization process have been conducted to all mill scale samples from each steel mill company in order to determine the relationship between the mill scale properties and the result gathered after the milling process.

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Reduction of Core-loss in the High Frequency Band of the Fe-Si-Cr Crystalline Alloy According to Particle Size

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1157982/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yeon Jun Choi ◽

Ji Hun Ahn ◽

Deok Hyeon Kim ◽

Ye Rae Kim ◽

Bo Wha Lee

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

High Performance ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Core Loss ◽

Magnetic Saturation ◽

Magnetic Composites ◽

Performance Requirements ◽

Materials Used ◽

Average Size ◽

The Relationship

Abstract In order for soft magnetic composites (SMCs) to achieve the high-performance requirements expected of them even at high frequencies, high permeability and low core-loss are required. In this study, we used different sizes of gas atomized Fe-Si-Cr alloy powder to produce SMCs, this alloy has higher resistivity than existing materials used in SMCs such as Fe-Si alloy or pure Fe. These powders were prepared by sieving raw materials which had an average size from less than 25 µm to over 63 µm. Our experiments show that as particle size decreases, the magnetic saturation tends to increase, the sample made from the powder with particles 25-38 µm in size recorded the highest magnetic saturation of 169.38 emu/g. Additionally, as particle size decreased, permeability increased. The sample made from powder with particles under 25 µm had a permeability of 20.7 H/m at 1 MHz. Also, the relationship between particle size and quality factor was found to be inversely proportional. Finally, the minimum core-loss was 187.26 kW/m3 at 1 MHz for the sample made from powder whose constituent particles are under 25 µm. We also observed that the core-loss is proportional to particle size.

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Angle-dependent effects in Dynamic Light Scattering measurements of polydisperse particles

Measurement Science and Technology ◽

10.1088/1361-6501/ac42b2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lin Jin ◽

Curtis W Jarand ◽

Mark L Brader ◽

Wayne F Reed

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Light Scattering ◽

Dynamic Light Scattering ◽

Laser Wavelength ◽

Recent Emergence ◽

Large Particles ◽

Average Diffusion ◽

Biological Polymers ◽

Average Size ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Dynamic light scattering (DLS) is widely used for analyzing biological polymers and colloids. Its application to nanoparticles in medicine is becoming increasingly important with the recent emergence of prominent lipid nanoparticle-(LNP)based products, such as the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines from Pfizer, Inc.-BioNTech (BNT162b2) and Moderna, Inc. (mRNA-1273). DLS plays an important role in the characterization and quality control of nanoparticle-based therapeutics and vaccines. However, most DLS instruments have a single detection angle ,and the amplitude of the scattering vector, q, varies among them according to the relationship q=(n/sin(/2) where 0 is the laser wavelength. Results for identical, polydisperse samples among instruments of varying q yield different hydrodynamic diameters, because, as particles become larger they scatter less light at higher angles, so that higher-q instruments will under-sample large particles in polydisperse populations, and report higher z-average diffusion coefficients, and hence smaller effective hydrodynamic diameters than lower-q instruments. As particle size reaches the Mie regime the scattering envelope manifests angular maxima and minima, and the monotonic decrease of average size versus q is lost. This work examines results for different q-value instruments, using mixtures of monodisperse latex sphere standards, for which experimental measurements agree well with computations, and also polydisperse solutions of LNP, for which results follow expected trends. Mie effects on broad unimodal populations are also considered. There is no way to predict results between two instruments with different q for samples of unknown particle size distributions.

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Influence of the Particle Size on the Rheology of Magnetorheological Elastomer

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.809-810.757 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 809-810 ◽

pp. 757-763 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Qian Jin ◽

Yong Gang Xu ◽

Yang Di ◽

Hao Fan

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Particle Size ◽

Theoretical Analysis ◽

Shear Modulus ◽

Rheological Properties ◽

Optimum Size ◽

Magnetorheological Elastomer ◽

Magnetorheological Effect ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Magnetic Field

In this paper, the correlation between the particle size and rheological properties of MRE was discussed through both experimental results and theoretical analysis. It shows that the particle size can significantly influence the magnetorheological effect by changing the initial shear modulus and the saturated magnetic-induced shear modulus . With an increase in the particle size, the initial shear modulus gets lower, and the saturated magnetic-induced shear modulus increases to the maximum and then decreases. The larger the particle size is, the longer the distance between neighbor particles along the magnetic field is. Based on the relationship between the particle size and shear modulus, there exists an optimum size for added particles. Moreover, the performance of MRE can be improved by optimizing the particle size based on those rules.

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Simulation on Extrusion Comminution Model of Roller Press

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.156-157.1702 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 156-157 ◽

pp. 1702-1707

Author(s):

Xiang Wen Cheng ◽

Jinchao Liu ◽

Qi Zhi Ding ◽

Li Ming Song ◽

Zhan Lin Wang

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Particle Size ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Size Ratio ◽

Optimum Operating ◽

Extrusion Force ◽

Particle Size Ratio ◽

Small Constant ◽

Working Parameters ◽

The Relationship

How to predict the relationship among particle size and among product size, to establish the relationship between the granularity and working parameters in the process of grinding and to determine the optimum operating parameters. With proposing BS squeeze crush model by L. Bass and the idea of roll surface division as the material uneven extrusion force are adopted. Based on field experiments the experimental data is analyzed, the select function and the breakage functions are fitted with MATLAB software, and obtaining their model. The comminution model is determined by the roller division. We obtain the model parameter through the experimental data. Through model analysis shows: the relationship between particle breakage and energy absorption, namely the smaller size of the same power, the lower broken; the breakage diminishes with the decrease of particle size ratio and it will be tending to a small constant when the smaller particle size ratio. The breakage functions rapidly decrease within ratio of between 0.2-0.7. This shows: the energy consumption will rapidly increase when the particle size of less than 0.2 in broken; the selection diminish with the decrease of particle size. Pressure (8-9MPa) should be the most appropriate value.

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The Relationship Between Mixed-Liquor Particle Size and Solids Retention Time in the Activated Sludge Process

Water Environment Research ◽

10.2175/106143011x12928814445339 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 83 (12) ◽

pp. 2178-2186 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Licheng Chan ◽

Shao-Yuan Leu ◽

Diego Rosso ◽

Michael K. Stenstrom

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Activated Sludge ◽

Retention Time ◽

Activated Sludge Process ◽

Mixed Liquor ◽

Solids Retention Time ◽

Solids Retention ◽

The Relationship

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CHARACTERISTICS AND ADSORPTION PERFORMANCE OF FORMULATED TRIKOTAC FILTER AIDS

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v81.12662 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 81 (3) ◽

Author(s):

N. Masdiana ◽

M. Rashid ◽

S. Hajar ◽

M. R. Ammar

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Particle Density ◽

Adsorption Properties ◽

The Other ◽

Bet Surface Area ◽

Adsorption Performance ◽

Filtration System ◽

Filter Aids ◽

The Relationship

TrikotAC filter aids is a combination of a pre-coating material PreKot™ with two adsorbents; activated carbon and lime and their characteristics were investigated in this study. TrikotAC was formulated into three different weight ratios of 5:1:94, 10:1:89 and 10:5:85, respectively. The relationship between adsorption properties and characteristics of the formulated materials particle size distribution, particle density, bulk density, and BET surface area were investigated. The results showed that the adsorption capacity for TrikotAC 10:5:85 (11.88 mg/g) was higher than for the other formulated filter aids samples, and the formulated filter aids material TrikotAC showed promising characteristic as a filter aids and adsorbent for organic compound in fabric filtration system.

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ZnWO4 Nanoparticle Scintillators for High Resolution X-ray Imaging

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano10091721 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1721

Author(s):

Heon Yong Jeong ◽

Hyung San Lim ◽

Ju Hyuk Lee ◽

Jun Heo ◽

Hyun Nam Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Zinc Oxide ◽

High Resolution ◽

Tungsten Oxide ◽

Spatial Resolution ◽

High Spatial Resolution ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Imaging ◽

Average Size ◽

And Tungsten

The effect of scintillator particle size on high-resolution X-ray imaging was studied using zinc tungstate (ZnWO4) particles. The ZnWO4 particles were fabricated through a solid-state reaction between zinc oxide and tungsten oxide at various temperatures, producing particles with average sizes of 176.4 nm, 626.7 nm, and 2.127 μm; the zinc oxide and tungsten oxide were created using anodization. The spatial resolutions of high-resolution X-ray images, obtained from utilizing the fabricated particles, were determined: particles with the average size of 176.4 nm produced the highest spatial resolution. The results demonstrate that high spatial resolution can be obtained from ZnWO4 nanoparticle scintillators that minimize optical diffusion by having a particle size that is smaller than the emission wavelength.

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Particle Size Distribution Based Occurrence Features of Organic Components in Printing and Dyeing Wastewater Under a Treatment Process

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201911804009 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 118 ◽

pp. 04009

Author(s):

Yuan Li ◽

Jie Liu ◽

Yibiao Yu ◽

Hao Zhu ◽

Zheng Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Particle Size Distribution ◽

Size Distribution ◽

Reverse Osmosis ◽

Treatment Process ◽

Dyeing Wastewater ◽

Wastewater Treatment Process ◽

Printing And Dyeing Wastewater ◽

Sedimentation Tank ◽

The Relationship

A more detailed occurrence features of organic matters in the printing and dyeing wastewater, based on its particle size distribution (PSD) and along with a wastewater treatment process, was conducted to provide a support for advanced treatment. Results suggested that, (1) In the dyeing wastewater, the occurrence characteristic of COD was: soluble>supra colloidal>colloidal>settleable; However, for protein, the supra colloidal was dominant, followed by the soluble. The feature of the polysaccharide was consistent with COD’s. In the wastewater, 29.66% of COD could be attributed to proteins and 3.45% of the COD could be attributed to polysaccharides. (2) The relationship among the forms of COD in the primary sedimentation tank, aerobic tank, secondary sedimentation tank, and reverse osmosis-treated concentrated effluent was consistent, that was: soluble>colloidal>supra colloidal>settleable. (3) In the primary sedimentation tank, the settleable COD was almost completely removed; In the aerobic tank, the residual super colloidal COD was not much; After MBR-RO treatment, the COD in the reverse osmosis concentrated water was almost dissolved and only a little presented in other forms.

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