Flow Behavior of 430 Ferritic Stainless Steel at Elevated Temperatures

2013 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Bin Zhang ◽  
Dong Mei Yu ◽  
Shao Rui Niu ◽  
Gen Shun Ji
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Engineering Strain ◽  
Tensile Direction ◽  
430 Stainless Steel ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Increasing Temperature

The tensile test of casting ferritic stainless steel was conducted on SHIMADZU AG-10 at different temperatures of 300, 500, 600, 700, 800, and 950°C, respectively. The engineering stress-strain curves with the thermal deformation at the different temperatures, the tensile strength and elongation curves were obtained. Metallographic test samples were prepared and the morphology of deforming zone was observed by optical microscopy. The experimental results showed that the tensile strength of the test samples decreased with increasing temperature. From 300 to 500°C, the work hardening occurred and the tensile strength increased with increasing engineering strain. The softening occurred and the tensile strength decreased with increasing engineering strain at temperatures from 600 to 950°C. The strength of 430 stainless steel decreased, and the plasticity increased with the increase in temperature. The fractures were basically intergranular fractures within the range of 300~950°C. A transition occurred to the form of fracture from the ductile to the brittle, which might be related to the nitrogen atom in the 430. Grain deformation along specimen tensile direction concentrated in the necking region, where appeared banded structure in martensite. The organization at the edge of the sample was fine, while the organization at the central region was coarser.

Tensile Properties of Low Nickel Austenitic Stainless Steel at Elevated Temperatures

2012 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 346-350
Author(s):  
Shu Min Liu ◽  
Jian Bin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Peak Stress ◽  
Temperature Curve ◽  
Delta Ferrite ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Reduction Percentage

The elevated temperature short-time tensile test with the sample of casting low nickel stainless steel was conducted on SHIMADZU AG-10 at ten temperatures 300, 500, 600, 700, 800, 950, 1000, 1050, 1100, and 1250°C, respectively. The stress-strain curves with the thermal deformation at the different temperatures, the peak stress intensity-temperature curve, and the reduction percentage of cross sectional area-temperature curve were obtained. Metallographic test samples were prepared and the morphology of deforming zone was observed by optical microscopy. The experimental results show that the tensile strength of the test samples decreases with increasing temperature. From 300 to 800°C, the work harding occurred and the tensile strength increases with increasing strain. The work softening occurred and the tensile strength decreases with increasing strain at temperatures of 800 to 1250°C. The minimum value of reduction percentage was measured at 800 °C. The austenite and delta-ferrite are the main phase in the tested samples. When the tensile temperatures are increased to 1200°C, the delta-ferrite became thinner and broke down to be spheroidized.

Effect of Heat Treatment Processes on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nb-Ti-Stabilized 430 Stainless Steel Plate

2014 ◽  
Vol 887-888 ◽  
pp. 240-247
Author(s):  
Xun Zeng Huang ◽  
Si Yue Chen ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Yi Tao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Strain Ratio ◽  
Annealed Sample ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Plastic Strain Ratio ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
430 Stainless Steel

In this research, influence of annealing process on microstructure and mechanical performance of Nb-Ti-stabilized 430 ferritic stainless steel were investigated. In order to obtain the optimal annealing process, metallographic observation, SEM detection and tensile test were carried out. It is found that the microscopic structure is composed of fine and uniform isometric recrystallization grain after annealing. Optimum microstructure and mechanical properties can be achieved while annealed at 950 °Cfor 90 seconds. The annealed sample can obtain the optimum microstructure and mechanical properties under such annealing process. The yield platform is eliminated and the average plastic strain ratio is further improved to 1.269, which reflected a well deep drawability of the Nb-Ti-stabilized 430 ferritic stainless steel compared to SUS 430 stainless steel.

Mechanical Properties and Fracture Study of Alumina Dispersion Hardened Copper-Based Nano-Composite at Elevated Temperatures

2013 ◽  
Vol 829 ◽  
pp. 583-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Dalirbod ◽  
Yahya A. Sorkhe ◽  
Hossein Aghajani
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Testing Temperature ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Different Temperatures

Alumina dispersion hardened copper-base composite was fabricated by internal oxidation method. The high temperature tensile fracture of Cu-Al2O3 composite was studied and tensile strengths were determined at different temperatures of 600, 680 and 780 °C. Microstructure was investigated by means of optical microscope and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Results show that, ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of copper alumina nanocomposite decrease slowly with increasing temperature. The yield strength reaches 119 MPa and ultimate tensile strength reaches 132 MPa at 780 °C. Surface fractography shows a dimple-type fracture on the fracture surface of the tensile tests where dimple size increases with increasing testing temperature and in some regions brittle fracture characteristics could be observed in the fracture surface.

scholarly journals Role of Absolute Humidity in the Inactivation of Influenza Viruses on Stainless Steel Surfaces at Elevated Temperatures

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 3943-3947 ◽  
Author(s):  
James McDevitt ◽  
Stephen Rudnick ◽  
Melvin First ◽  
John Spengler
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Absolute Humidity ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Electrical Systems ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Increasing Temperature

ABSTRACT Influenza virus has been found to persist in the environment for hours to days, allowing for secondary transmission of influenza via inanimate objects known as fomites. We evaluated the efficacy of heat and moisture for the decontamination of surfaces for the purpose of preventing of the spread of influenza. Aqueous suspensions of influenza A virus were deposited onto stainless steel coupons, allowed to dry under ambient conditions, and exposed to temperatures of 55°C, 60°C, or 65°C and relative humidity (RH) of 25%, 50%, or 75% for up to 1 h. Quantitative virus assays were performed on the solution used to wash the viruses from these coupons, and results were compared with the solution used to wash coupons treated similarly but left under ambient conditions. Inactivation of influenza virus on surfaces increased with increasing temperature, RH, and exposure time. Reductions of greater than 5 logs of influenza virus on surfaces were achieved at temperatures of 60 and 65°C, exposure times of 30 and 60 min, and RH of 50 and 75%. Our data also suggest that absolute humidity is a better predictor of surface inactivation than RH and allows the prediction of survival using two parameters rather than three. Modest amounts of heat and adequate moisture can provide effective disinfection of surfaces while not harming surfaces, electrical systems, or mechanical components, leaving no harmful residues behind after treatment and requiring a relatively short amount of time.

scholarly journals Tensile Properties and Microstructural Evolution of an Al-Bearing Ferritic Stainless Steel at Elevated Temperatures

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Han ◽  
Jiaqi Sun ◽  
Yu Sun ◽  
Jiapeng Sun ◽  
Xu Ran
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Dynamic Recrystallization ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Deformation Mechanism ◽  
Strain Rates

The influence of temperature and strain rate on the hot tensile properties of 0Cr18AlSi ferritic stainless steel, a potential structural material in the ultra-supercritical generation industry, was investigated at temperatures ranging from 873 to 1123 K and strain rates of 1.7 × 10−4–1.7 × 10−2 s−1. The microstructural evolution linked to the hot deformation mechanism was characterized by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). At the same strain rate, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength decrease rapidly from 873 K to 1023 K and then gradually to 1123 K. Meanwhile, both yield strength and ultimate tensile strength increase with the increase in strain rate. At high temperatures and low strain rates, the prolonged necking deformation can be observed, which determines the ductility of the steel to some extent. The maximum elongation is obtained at 1023 K for the strain rates of 1.7 × 10−3 and 1.7 × 10−2 s−1, while this temperature is postponed to 1073 K once decreasing the strain rate to 1.7 × 10−4 s−1. Dynamic recovery (DRV) and continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) are found to be the main softening mechanisms during the hot tensile deformation. With the increase of temperature and the decrease of strain rate (i.e., 1123 K and 1.7 × 10−4 s−1), the sub-grain coalescence becomes the main mode of CDRX that evolved from the sub-grain rotation. The gradual decrease in strength above 1023 K is related to the limited increase of dynamic recrystallization and the sufficient DRV. The area around the new small recrystallized grains on the coarse grain boundaries provides the nucleation site for cavity, which generally results in a reduction in ductility. Constitutive analysis shows that the stress exponent and the deformation activation energy are 5.9 and 355 kJ·mol−1 respectively, indicating that the dominant deformation mechanism is the dislocations motion controlled by climb. This work makes a deeply understanding of the hot deformation behavior and its mechanism of the Al-bearing ferritic stainless steel and thus provides a basal design consideration for its extensive application.

scholarly journals Influence of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Ni Films on 430 Stainless Steel Substrate

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 855-861
Author(s):  
Yong Pan ◽  
Junwei Cui ◽  
Weixin Lei ◽  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Zengsheng Ma
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steel Substrate ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
430 Stainless Steel ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Texture Orientation

AbstractEffects of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of Ni films on 430 stainless steel substrate were investigated. The Ni films were annealed at heat treatment temperatures ranging from 0 °C to 800 °C for 2 h. The surface morphology, composition, and texture orientation of Ni films were studied by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction. The load–indentation depth curves of Ni films before and after heat treatment were measured by using nanoindentation method. In conjunction with finite element modeling and dimensional analysis, the stress–strain relationships of Ni films on 430 stainless steel substrate at different temperatures are successfully obtained by using a power-law hardening model.

Effect of number of welding passes on the microstructure, mechanical and intergranular corrosion properties of 409M ferritic stainless steel

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Ambade ◽  
Chetan Tembhurkar ◽  
Awanikumar Patil ◽  
Diwesh Babruwan Meshram
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Transverse Direction ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Degree Of Sensitization ◽  
Number Of Passes

Purpose This paper aims to study the effect of number of welding passes on microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of 409 M ferritic stainless steel. Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process is used to weld two metal sheets of 409 M having 3 mm thickness as bead-on-plate with single, double and triple passes. Microstructures were observed at transverse section with the help of optical microscope and with increasing number of passes grain growth, and the width of heat-affected zone (HAZ) increases. The results of tensile tests revealed that as number of passes increases, there is reduction in tensile strength and ductility. Double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) test revealed that as number of passes increases, the degree of sensitization increases. This is due to the deposition of chromium carbides at the grain boundaries and the associated depletion of chromium. Design/methodology/approach Three welded plates of single, double and triple pass were welded by SMAW process. From three welded plates (single, double and triple passes), samples for microstructural examination were cut in transverse direction (perpendicular to welding direction) with the help of wire-cut electrical discharge machine (EDM). The welded plates were sliced using wire-cut EDM along transverse direction for preparing optical microscopy, tensile testing, microhardness and DL-EPR testing specimens. Findings From the microstructure, it was observed that the large grain growth, which is dendritic, and the structure become finer to increase in number of welding passes. As number of passes increases, the width of HAZ increases because of the higher temperature at the welded zone. The tensile strength decreases to increase the number of welding passes because of grain coarsening and chromium carbide precipitation in sensitized zone and wider HAZ. The maximum microhardness value was observed for single-pass weld as compared to double- and triple-pass welds because of the fast cooling rate. The degree of sensitization increases to increase the number of passes because of chromium carbide deposition at the grain boundaries. Originality/value The authors declare that the manuscript is original and not published elsewhere, and there is no conflict of interest to publish this manuscript.

scholarly journals Parametric Optimization Of Gas Metal Arc Welding Process By Using Grey Based Taguchi Method On Aisi 409 Ferritic Stainless Steel

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Nabendu Ghosh ◽  
Pradip Kumar ◽  
Goutam Nandi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Parametric Optimization ◽  
Gas Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process

Abstract Welding input process parameters play a very significant role in determining the quality of the welded joint. Only by properly controlling every element of the process can product quality be controlled. For better quality of MIG welding of Ferritic stainless steel AISI 409, precise control of process parameters, parametric optimization of the process parameters, prediction and control of the desired responses (quality indices) etc., continued and elaborate experiments, analysis and modeling are needed. A data of knowledge - base may thus be generated which may be utilized by the practicing engineers and technicians to produce good quality weld more precisely, reliably and predictively. In the present work, X-ray radiographic test has been conducted in order to detect surface and sub-surface defects of weld specimens made of Ferritic stainless steel. The quality of the weld has been evaluated in terms of yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and percentage of elongation of the welded specimens. The observed data have been interpreted, discussed and analyzed by considering ultimate tensile strength ,yield strength and percentage elongation combined with use of Grey-Taguchi methodology.

Investigation on Hot Deformation Behavior of 430 Ferritic Stainless Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
Jian Bin Zhang ◽  
Dong Mei Yu ◽  
Shao Rui Niu ◽  
Gen Shun Ji
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Peak Stress ◽  
Hot Deformation Behavior ◽  
Hollomon Parameter ◽  
Deformation Equation

The hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of 430 ferritic stainless steel (430 FSS) were investigated within the temperature range of 950°C~1150°C at the strain rate of 0.01 s-1, 0.1 s-1, and 1.0 s-1using a thermo-mechanical simulator. The effects of temperature and strain rate on the flow behavior and microstructures of 430 ferritic stainless steel at reduction ratio 50 % were analyzed. Results indicated that the apparent stress exponent and the apparent activation energy of the steel were about 1.08 and 344 kJ/mol, respectively. The hot deformation equation of 430 was considered as. There was a relationship between the softening mechanism and Zener-Hollomon parameter (abbreviated Z). With the Z value increasing from 4.30×1010to 5.00×1014, the hot deformation peak stress correspondingly increased from 10.74 MPa to 76.02MPa.

scholarly journals Investigation and Modeling of the Preheating Effects on Precipitation and Hot Flow Behavior for Forming High Strength AA7075 at Elevated Temperatures

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kailun Zheng ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Song Yang ◽  
Kunning Fu ◽  
Jinghua Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Hot Stamping ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Preheating is the first but critical step for hot stamping high strength precipitate hardened aluminum alloys. To thoroughly understand the effects of preheating conditions—i.e., preheating rate and heating temperature—on the strength and hot deformation of aluminum alloys, a series of thermal–mechanical tests was performed to determine the post-hardness evolution and hot flow behaviors. Typical microstructures with different preheating conditions were also observed through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), with which a unified model of both hot flow and strength based on key microstructural variables was developed, enabling the successful prediction of macroscopic properties using different preheating strategies. The results have shown that for high strength AA7075 at the T6 condition, the dominant mechanism of precipitate evolution with increasing temperature is the coarsening of precipitates first, followed by dissolution when they exceed a critical temperature. A higher heating rate results in a slower coarsening and a relatively higher strength level. In addition, the flow stress of hot deformation is also higher using a quick heating rate, with more significant softening and reduced ductility.

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