The Effect of Chemical Treatment on Sisal Fiber Property

The aim of this work was to research the effect of chemical treatment on the structure and property of sisal fiber. The changes of the surface morphology, chemical composition and wettability of different alkali concentration treated sisal fibers were studied using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Optical Contact Angle Meter (OCA). The results showed that the non-cellulosic materials were removed from fiber surface and many branches along the fibers were caused by high alkali concentration. Deconvolving spectra in OH stretching region exhibited the amount of hydrogen bonding decreased firstly and then increased with the alkali concentration increase. The effect of alkali treatment on the wettability of fibers was characterized by the contact angle analyses. The contact angle of fiber decreased gradually with the concentration increase.

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Evaluation of Interfacial Properties of Sisal Fiber Reinforced High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Composites

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.334-335.625 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 334-335 ◽

pp. 625-628 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yan Li ◽

Hong Xia Deng ◽

Ye Hong Yu

Keyword(s):

Natural Fiber ◽

Fiber Surface ◽

Interfacial Properties ◽

Sisal Fiber ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Statistical Parameters ◽

Pull Out ◽

Bonding Properties ◽

Fiber Surface Treatment ◽

Sisal Fibers

Statistical methods were employed to study the structure characteristics of sisal fibers. Two types of fiber surface treatment methods, namely chemical bonding and oxidization were used to improve the interfacial bonding properties of sisal fiber reinforced HDPE (sisal/HDPE) composites. Interfacial properties were evaluated by single fiber pull out test. The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) was calculated and analyzed by the statistical parameters. The results were compared with those obtained by traditional ways. A novel method which could more accurately evaluate the interfacial properties between natural fiber and polymeric matrices was proposed.

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Alkali Concentration and Diluent Effects on Properties of Grape Cane Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13234055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (23) ◽

pp. 4055

Author(s):

Balkis F. A. Bakar ◽

Frederick A. Kamke

Keyword(s):

Polymer Composites ◽

Alkali Treatment ◽

Unsaturated Polyester ◽

Fiber Surface ◽

Alkali Concentration ◽

Fiber Types ◽

Concentration Effects ◽

Outer Bark ◽

Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites ◽

Fiber Surface Treatment

The main objective of this study was to investigate the properties of polymer composites reinforced with grape cane fibers. The fibers were subjected to a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment at two treatment concentrations to extract the fibers as well as fiber surface treatment. Panels were fabricated by hand lay-up and compression molding according to different fiber types, namely outer bark (OB) and whole (W) fibers. The whole fiber was a mixture of OB and inner bark (IB) fibers. Grape cane fibers were used as the reinforcement material for unsaturated polyester (UPE) resin panels. Acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) was used as a reactive diluent material with the UPE resin, and the results were compared with panels prepared with commercial styrene–UPE. There were inconsistent alkali treatment concentration effects on the mechanical properties and water absorption. However, panels fabricated with the whole bark fibers that have been treated with 1 wt % NaOH and had AESO–UPE resin resulted in the best tensile and flexural strength.

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Engineering Properties of Bentonite-Lime-Phosphogypsum Composite Reinforced with Treated Sisal Fibers

Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering ◽

10.3311/ppci.8183 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Sujeet Kumar ◽

Vidya Tilak B. ◽

Rakesh Kumar Dutta

Keyword(s):

Chemical Treatment ◽

Fibre Composite ◽

Fiber Composite ◽

Tensile Load ◽

Engineering Properties ◽

Sisal Fiber ◽

Sisal Fibre ◽

Indirect Tensile ◽

Sisal Fibers ◽

Ductile Behavior

The present work primarily investigates the unconfined compressive strength, the tensile load-diametral strain, the toughness characteristics and the shear strengths of bentonite-lime-phosphogypsum-treated sisal fibre composite. The unconfined compressive strengths and tensile strengths were obtained using the unconfined compressive test and indirect tensile test respectively. The results revealed that the unconfined compressive stress, the deviator stress and the tensile load at failure of bentonite-lime-phosphogypsum composite with untreated sisal fibres could be improved by the successive chemical treatment with sodium periodate, p-aminophenol and sodium hydroxide. The brittleness index and deformability index indicated a change from the brittle to ductile behavior of the bentonite-lime-phosphogypsum-untreated sisal fiber composite, with the chemical treatment.

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Study and Characterization of Sisal Fiber/Zein Resin Interface

Reviews of Adhesion and Adhesives ◽

10.7569/raa.2018.097307 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. S1-S19

Author(s):

Hamid Souzandeh ◽

Anil N. Netravali

Keyword(s):

Interfacial Shear Strength ◽

Fiber Surface ◽

Microfibrillated Cellulose ◽

Sisal Fiber ◽

X Ray ◽

Before And After ◽

Microbond Test ◽

Zein Protein ◽

Sisal Fibers

The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) between natural sisal fiber and zein protein resin was explored using the microbond test. Commercially available zein protein was processed into resins and their IFSS with sisal fiber was measured. Effects of sorbitol plasticizer content and microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) reinforcement loading on the IFSS with the resin were studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the fracture surfaces before and after the microbond test. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was utilized to map the residual resin on the sisal fiber surface after the microbond test. The results showed that sisal fiber/ zein IFSS decreased with sorbitol content. At 20 wt% sorbitol content 53% decrease in IFSS was observed. IFSS increased with MFC loading from 1.32 MPa (control) to 2.40 MPa for resin containing 15 wt% MFC. Physical entanglements between sisal fibers and MFC are believed to be responsible for this enhancement in the IFSS.

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ANALISIS PENGARUH PERLAKUAN KIMIA TERHADAP MORFOLOGI DAN GUGUS FUNGSIONAL SERAT SISAL

Newton-Maxwell Journal of Physics ◽

10.33369/nmj.v2i1.15262 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 22-26

Author(s):

Purwanto Purwanto ◽

Arif Rakhman Suharso ◽

Fajar Sari Kurniawan

Keyword(s):

Functional Groups ◽

Group Analysis ◽

Fiber Surface ◽

Molecular Structures ◽

Sisal Fiber ◽

Surface Appearance ◽

Bleaching Process ◽

Pure Cellulose ◽

Before And After ◽

Sisal Fibers

Morphological and functional group analysis was carried out to study the appearance of micro and molecular structures contained in sisal fibers before and after chemical scouring and bleaching treatment. The scouring and bleaching process lasts for 1 hour with continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer. Scouring was carried out with 6% NaOH solution while Bleaching was carried out with a solution of 10 g / L NaOH and 100 ml / L H2O2. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to identify the surface appearance and diameter of the fibers before and after the scouring and bleaching processes. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to identify functional groups in fibers. The Bleaching process shows that the functional groups identified are the same as those of pure cellulose or alpha cellulose, namely -CH2, C-O, C = C, -CH3, C?C, and -OH, C-H. Sisal fibers with a diameter between 100 - 150 µm break down (fibrillate) into smaller fibers after the scouring (diameter: ?12 µm) and bleaching (diameter: ?7µm) processes. Thus, scouring and bleaching have caused significant changes in the morphological and microstructure of the fiber surface and also the functional groups that the sisal fiber has after the bleaching process is the same as pure fiber.

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Analisis Pengaruh Konsentrasi Natrium Hidroksida terhadap Sifat Mekanik Biokomposit Berpenguat Serat Sisal

Jurnal Fisika ◽

10.15294/jf.v10i2.25462 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 11-18

Author(s):

Amirin Kusmiran ◽

Rita Desiasni

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Interfacial Adhesion ◽

Alkali Treatment ◽

Natural Fibers ◽

Sisal Fiber ◽

Adhesion Properties ◽

The Matrix ◽

Sisal Fibers ◽

Sodium Hydroxide Treatment

The mechanical properties of natural fibers are continuous development as the alternatively synthetic fibers because of the natural fibers are non-corrosive, lightweight, and environmental advantages. However, these fibers have poor interfacial adhesion properties as the fibers if used as bio-composite material. This problem can be solved by the surface modification method by the sodium hydroxide treatment used to improve the mechanical properties. A sodium hydroxide concentration which it used at 0 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, and 15 wt% and the sisal fibers were soaked in that a concentration for 2 hours. Furthermore, the bio-composite fabrication is conducted by hand lay-up technique which is using both sisals as the fibers and epoxy resin as the matrix. The tensile test RTG-1250 results show that the maximum mechanical properties, such as strains, Young's modulus, and elongation, was obtained at sodium hydroxide 5 wt% than others where the values of these mechanical properties were 25.334 MPa, 16.111 GPa, and 1.572%, respectively. The morphological evaluation carried out using a scanning electron microscope showed that the alkali sodium hydroxide treatment was improved interfacial adhesion between fiber and matrix. Finally, sodium hydroxide alkali treatment of more than 5% can be able to sisal fiber cracks so that the mechanical properties of bio-composite can decrease continuously.

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Tensile Properties and Microstructure of Single-Cellulosic Bamboo Fiber Strips after Alkali Treatment

Fibers ◽

10.3390/fib8050026 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abeer Adel Salih ◽

Rozli Zulkifli ◽

Che Husna Azhari

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Tensile Properties ◽

Alkali Treatment ◽

Tensile Modulus ◽

Fiber Surface ◽

Tensile Tests ◽

Bamboo Fiber ◽

Alkali Concentration ◽

Soaking Time ◽

Cellulosic Fiber

The study systematically explored the effect of alkali concentration and soaking time on the microstructure and tensile properties of single-cellulosic Buluh Semantan. Scanning electron microscopy and tensile tests were conducted to determine the effects of different alkali treatments on the properties of the single-cellulosic bamboo fibers. In particular, the effects of NaOH concentration and soaking time on the tensile properties of the single-cellulosic bamboo fiber were investigated. The single-cellulosic bamboo fiber was immersed in 2, 4, 6, and 8 wt.% aqueous NaOH solutions for soaking times of 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h. The tensile properties of the fiber increased after each alkali treatment. The alkali concentration and soaking time significantly affected the fiber properties. The ultimate tensile strength of the single-cellulosic Buluh Semantan treated with 2 wt.% NaOH for 12 h decreased to 214 MPa relative to the fibers that experienced water retting. The highest tensile strength herein was 356.8 MPa for the single-cellulosic fiber that was soaked for 12 h in 4 wt.% NaOH. Comparatively, the tensile strength of the single-cellulosic bamboo fiber that was soaked for 12 h in 8 wt.% NaOH was 234.8 MPa. The tensile modulus of the single-cellulosic fiber was 12.06 GPa after soaking in 8 wt.% NaOH for 18 h, indicating that a strong alkali treatment negatively affected the stiffness and suitability for use of the fibers in applications. The topography of the fiber surface became much rougher after the alkali treatments due to the removal of hemicellulose and other surface impurities. The alkali treatments substantially changed the morphology of the fiber surface, suggesting an increase in wettability.

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In-situ Reactive Interfacial Compatibilization and Properties of Polylactide/Sisal Fiber Biocomposites via Melt-blending with Epoxy-functionalized Oligomer

10.20944/preprints201802.0049.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Mingyang Hao ◽

Hongwu Wu ◽

Feng Qiu ◽

Xiwen Wang

Keyword(s):

Fiber Surface ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Interfacial Interaction ◽

Molecular Chain ◽

Sisal Fiber ◽

Key Points ◽

Sisal Fibers ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Calculated Activation

To improve the interfacial bonding of sisal fiber reinforced polylactide biocomposites, polylactide (PLA) and sisal fibers (SF) were melt-blended to fabricate bio-based composites via in situ reactive interfacial compatibilization with the addition of an epoxy-functionalized oligomer (ADR). The FTIR analysis and SEM characterization demonstrated that PLA molecular chain was bonded to the fiber surface and epoxy-functionalized oligomer played a hinge-like role between sisal fibers and PLA matrix, which resulted in improved interfacial adhesion between fibers and PLA matrix. The interfacial reaction and microstructures of composites were further investigated by thermal and rheological analyses, which indicated that the mobility of the PLA molecular chain in composites was restricted because of the introduction of ADR oligomer, which in turn reflected the improved interfacial interaction between SF and PLA matrix. These conclusions were further investigated by the calculated activation energies of glass transition relaxation (△Ea) of composites via dynamic mechanical analysis. The mechanical properties of PLA/SF composites were simultaneously reinforced and toughened via addition of ADR oligomer. The interfacial interaction and structure-properties relationship of composites are key points of this study.

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The Effects of Fiber Architecture and Fiber Surface Treatment on Physical Properties of Woven Sisal Fiber/Epoxy Composites

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.410.39 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 410 ◽

pp. 39-42

Author(s):

Sawitri Srisuwan ◽

Pranee Chumsamrong

Keyword(s):

Surface Treatment ◽

Flexural Modulus ◽

Fiber Surface ◽

Epoxy Composites ◽

Sisal Fiber ◽

Fiber Architecture ◽

Untreated Fiber ◽

Fiber Surface Treatment ◽

Sisal Fibers ◽

Twill Weave

The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of fiber architecture and fiber surface treatment on flexural and impact properties of woven sisal fiber/epoxy composites. The woven sisal fibers with three different weave types including plain weave (P-weave), harness satin weave (S-weave) and right hand twill weave (R-weave) were used. For untreated fiber/epoxy composites, the fiber contents in the composite were 0, 5, 10 and 15% by weight (%wt). The untreated S-weave sisal fiber/epoxy composites showed the best overall properties and the composites with 15% fiber loading showed the highest properties. When compared to pure epoxy, flexural strength, flexural modulus and impact strength of the composite with 15% wt fiber increased by 4.5%, 60.6% and 150% respectively. Therefore, the composite of 15% wt silane treated S-weave and epoxy was prepared in order to study the effect of fiber surface treatment. The results showed that the composite containing 15% wt silane treated fiber possessed nearly the same properties with the untreated fiber/epoxy composite.

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