Rheological Properties of Hydroxyapatite Synthesized Clamshell Mix with Palm Stearin Binder System

2014 ◽  
Vol 911 ◽  
pp. 366-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Istikamah Subuki ◽  
Ali Nurul Huda ◽  
Muhammad Hussain Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Binder System ◽  
Shear Sensitivity ◽  
Rheological Test ◽  
Test Result

This study investigated the flow behavior of feedstock containing hydroxyapatite (HAp) powder with palm stearin (PS) based binder system. The HAp was synthesized via chemical precipitation method with the use of waste of clamshells. The result showed that single phase synthesized HAp was successfully formed at annealing temperature and pH solution of 850°C and 6.5, respectively. The synthesized HAp with a volume fraction of 65% was then mixed with PS and and Polyethylene binder at 160°C to prepare a feedstock. From the rheological test result, it was found that the feedstock exhibited a pseudoplastic behavior with low values of shear sensitivity in comparison with commercial HAp.

Viscosity Analysis of Copper Powder Mixed with Palm Stearin Based Binder

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 259-264
Author(s):  
Nor Amalina Nordin ◽  
Izyan Rabzi ◽  
Nor‘aini Wahab ◽  
Aidah Jumahat ◽  
Muhammad Hussain Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Copper Powder ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Binder System ◽  
Composite Binder ◽  
Shear Sensitivity ◽  
Rheological Test ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this experimental work, the viscosity of copper powder mixed with developed binder system based on palm stearin were studied and analyzed by means of rheological test. The feedstock is limited to 65 vol% of copper powder and 35 vol% of binder system; each of which consists of palm stearin (PS) and polyethylene (PE) prepared in four distinct formulations; 50 wt.% PS, 60 wt.% PS, 70 wt.% PS and 80 wt.% PS. Both copper powder and binder system were initially mixed to produce four sets of homogeneous feedstock. The rheological characterizations of the feedstock which includes its viscosity, pseudo-plasticity, shear sensitivity index (n), and yield stress were analyzed by using Rosand RH2000 Capillary Rheometer at a temperature of 150°C. Finally, the moulded parts were immersed in the n-heptane solution for 7 hours. The morphology analysis by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) by means of Hitachi SU 3500 Scanning Electron Microscope were carried out at the end of every stage. The study has shown clearly that PS plays several important roles in the composite binder system.

The Characterization and Flow Behavior of 316L Stainless Steel Feedstock for Micro Metal Injection Molding (μMIM)

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 2872-2876
Author(s):  
Pei Li Haw ◽  
Norhamidi Muhamad ◽  
Hadi Murthadha
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
Metal Injection Molding ◽  
Injection Molding Process ◽  
Binder System ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Rheological Characterization

The rheological behaviors of the Micro Metal Injection Molding feedstock are important for the stability of the feedstock during micro injection molding process and quality of the final micro-components. Homogeneous feedstocks are preferable for MIM process to ensure the dimensional consistency of molded components and prevent the defects of powder-binder separation or particle segregation. In this work, feedstocks with various formulations of 316L stainless steel and binder system were prepared by using Brabender Plastograph EC Plus mixer. The binder system comprises of palm stearin, polyethelene (PE) and stearic acid. In order to obtain the viscosity, activation energy, flow behavior and mold ability index, the rheological characterization of the feedstocks were investigated in numerous conditions by using Shimadzu 500-D capillary rheometer The study showed that all of the 316L stainless steel feedstocks are homogenous with pseudo-plastic behaviors.

COMPRESSIVE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POROUS TI-6AL-4V WITH PALM STEARIN BINDER SYSTEM

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. H. Mohamad Nor ◽  
J.B Saedon ◽  
N. A. A. Kasim ◽  
M. H. Ismail ◽  
Hazran Husain
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
Binder System ◽  
Water Leaching ◽  
Space Holder ◽  
Porous Ti ◽  
Different Temperatures

Most Ti-6Al-4V implant used today are often much stiffer than human bone. However, the young modulus of those Ti-6Al-4V implants can be reduced through the formation of porous structure. Palm stearin binder system with an addition of sodium chloride as space holder has been established in the fabrication of porous Ti-6Al-4V. Thus, this paper focuses on the compressive mechanical properties of porous Ti-6Al-4V with utilization of palm stearin binder system along with sodium chloride (NaCl) as the space holder. The evaluated compositions consist of the powder volume fraction of 63vol% and 65vol%. The samples were compacted by thermal compacting machine at temperature of 160oC. Two different debinding processes involved, which are heptane solvent and water leaching. Then the samples were sintered up to three different temperatures, which are 1200oC, 1250oC and 1300oC. Mechanical properties of the porous Ti-6Al-4V were characterized by axial compression testing. The maximum compressive stress and Young’s modulus of the samples were determined to be 403.87MPa and 9.92GPa.

Comparison on Rheology Properties of Polypropylene and Polyethylene as Binder System with Stainless Steel 316L for Metal Injection Moding

2011 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Fazuri Abdullah ◽  
Abu Bakar Sulong ◽  
Norhamidi Muhamad ◽  
Muhammad Ilman Hakimi Chua Abdullah ◽  
Nor Hamdan Nor Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Steel Powder ◽  
Binder System ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Scanning Electron

The comparison of binder system between PP/ palm stearin and PE/ palm stearin both mixed with palm stearin were studied based on the rheological properties to (MIM) process. The microstructure of distribution and dispersion studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM) to observe the pattern of the attached binder with stainless steel powder. The types of binder system used were palm stearin with Polypropylene (PP) and Polyethylene (PE). The powder loading for stainless steel 316L with average size of 20µm used was determined at 66 vol %. The palm stearin was the main significant factor for both viscosity and sensitivity of the feedstock behavior. Less content of palm stearin reduce the viscosity of the feedstock in the range of 100-10000 Pa.s and less influence on changing towards temperature and pressure. As the percentage of addition of palm stearin increase, the feedstock becomes less viscous with high sensitivity. PP and PE feedstock shows dilatant and pseudoplastic flow behavior respectively. PE homogenously coated each of stainless during morphology observation. Meanwhile poor distribution of PP can be observed from SEM observation at 1000x magnification.

An Influence of a Binder System to the Rheological Behavior of the SS316L Metal Injection Molding (MIM) Feedstock

2011 ◽  
Vol 264-265 ◽  
pp. 554-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khairur Rijal Jamaludin ◽  
Norhamidi Muhamad ◽  
Hooman Abolhasani ◽  
Hadi Murthadha ◽  
Mohd Nizam Ab. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
Rheological Behavior ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
Metal Injection Molding ◽  
Binder System ◽  
Flow Behavior Index ◽  
Injection Molded

The influence of a binder system to the rheological behavior of a Metal Injection Molding (MIM) feedstock is presented in the paper. The binder systems used are: a) PEG & PMMA b) Palm stearin & LLDPE and, c) Tapioca starch & LLDPE. The viscosity and shear rate of the feedstocks were measured at various range of temperature and shear rate across the L/D = 10 capillary rheometer. The flow behavior index, n and activation energy, E of each feedstock were measured to show its significance as MIM feedstock. Generally, the result indicates all feedstock exhibits a shear thinning behavior and the binders are suitable as MIM binder. Additionally, the present paper has discovered that the binder system does not have much influence to the activation energy. In order to show the relevance of the rheological behavior to the actual injection molding performance, green parts has been injection molded and the result shows an agreement with the rheological behavior result.

Development of Porous Ti-6Al-4V Dental Implant by Metal Injection Molding with Palm Stearin Binder System

2017 ◽  
Vol 889 ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Atikah Abu Kasim ◽  
Nor Hafiez Mohamad Nor ◽  
Muhammad Hussain Ismail ◽  
Juri Saedon
Keyword(s):  
Injection Molding ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Shielding Effect ◽  
Metal Injection Molding ◽  
Binder System ◽  
Porous Ti ◽  
Highly Porous

The dental restorations by the usage of implants have been one of the most favourable treatment. However, the existing dense dental implant causes overloading towards the human bone that triggers ‘stress shielding effect’ and also implant loosening. This paper focused on the development of highly porous Ti-6Al-4V dental implant by metal injection molding with palm stearin binder system with an addition of sodium chloride as space holder which has been established in the fabrication of porous Ti-6Al-4V. The evaluated compositions consist of the powder volume fraction of 63vol% and 65vol%. SEM analysis shows that highly porous Ti-6Al-4V dental implant were obtained. The average density is 3.325g/cm3 for 63vol% sample and 3.915g/cm3 for 65vol% sample. While for the Vickers hardness are 113.68HV and 162.8HV for 63vol% and 65vol% respectively.

HA/Ti6Al4V Powder with Palm Stearin Binder System - Feedstock Characterization

2014 ◽  
Vol 564 ◽  
pp. 372-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Arifin ◽  
Abu Bakar Sulong ◽  
Norhamidi Muhamad ◽  
Junaidi Syarif ◽  
Mohd Ikram Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Complex Shape ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Metal Injection Molding ◽  
Capillary Rheometer ◽  
Binder System ◽  
Thermal Debinding ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Rheological Test

Metal Injection Molding (MIM) is widely known as net shape process to mass production for complex shape. In this study polyethylene and palm stearin was used as binder system for composite HA and Ti6Al4V. Ti6Al4V has spherical shape with particle size 25 μm and Hydroxyapatite has particle size 5 μm. Brabender®was used to mix HA and Ti6Al4V powder and binder for making feedstock, rheological properties of feedstock was examined by capillary rheometer. Effects of temperature, viscosity, shear rate and activation energy were discussed in this paper. Binder was removed by thermal debinding. Rheological test showed feedstock of composite HA and Ti6Al4V shows pseudoplastic behavior. Sintering was conducted on 1200°C by argon with holding time 2 hour.

scholarly journals Role of annealing temperature on the properties of SrO nanoparticles by precipitation method

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Suresh R ◽  
◽  
Indira Priyadharshini T ◽  
Thirumal Valavan K ◽  
Justin Paul M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Crystalline Nature ◽  
Diffraction Peaks

Strontia nanoparticles are successfully prepared by chemical precipitation method. The SrO nanoparticles are characterized by XRD, UV-DRS and I-V analysis. X-ray diffraction peaks reveal the single-phase polycrystalline tetragonal structure with preferential orientation along (2 0 2) direction. Influence of annealing temperature strongly induce the growth of peak which indicates the increased intensity of (202) peak. The heat treatment strongly distresses the growth of triplet peaks (002), (101) and (110) whereas the same augment the growth of (202) and (310). Strontium oxide nanoparticles would allow more light for absorption in UV region due to its rough surface whereas the same would allow moderate light absorption in visible region due to its high packing density. The expansion and contraction of Sr-O bonds leads to a high crystalline nature with its purity at 322 nm. It is proposed that strain and surface defects in SrO nanocrystal take place due to different absorption edge.

Tuning the mechanical and dielectric properties of zinc incorporated hydroxyapatite

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alliya Qamar ◽  
Rehana Zia ◽  
Madeeha Riaz
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
A Minor

Background: Hydroxyapatite is similar to bone mineral in chemical composition, has good biocompatibility with host tissue and bone. Objective: This work aims to tailor the mechanical and dielectric properties of hydroxyapatite with zinc sudstitution, to improve wearability of implant and accelerate the healing process. Method: Pure and zinc incorporated hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 samples have been successfully prepared by means of the chemical precipitation method. Results: The results showed that hydroxyapatite(Hap) having hexagonal structure was the major phase identified in all the samples. It was found that secondary phase of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) formed due to addition of Zinc resulting in biphasic structure BCP (Hap + β-TCP). A minor phase of ZnO also formed for higher concentration of Zn (Zn ≥ 2mol%) doping. It was found that the Zn incorporation to Hap enhanced both mechanical and dielectric properties without altering the bioactive properties. The microhardness increased upto 0.87 GPa for Zn concentration equal to 1.5mol%, which is comparable to the human bone ~0.3 - 0.9 GPa. The dielectric properties evaluated in the study showed that 1.5 mol% Zn doped hydroxyapatite had highest dielectric constant. Higher values of dielectric constant at low frequencies signifies its importance in healing processes and bone growth due to polarization of the material under the influence of electric field. Conclusion: Sample Z1.5 having 1.5 mol% Zn doping showed the most optimized properties suitable for bone regeneration applications.

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