Use of Lebedinsky Mining and Processing Works Overburden Chalkstone for Iron-Ore Pellet Fluxing

2021 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Boris P. Yur'ev ◽  
Vladimir I. Matiukhin ◽  
Vyacheslav A. Dudko
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Total Content ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Iron Ore Pellet

Mine rocks generated abundantly in the course of iron-ore deposit development and containing high quality overburden chalkstone are mainly stored in dump pits. This relates to the Lebedinsky Mining and Processing Works as well. This results in certain environmental issues. Therefore the work provides the investigation results in some measure allowing the defined problem solution through complete replacement of limestone used for iron-ore pellet fluxing by the overburden chalkstone. This required a whole set of experiments. Derivatographic investigation was carried out on the overburden chalkstone samples of the Lebedisky Mining and Processing Works and allowed defining of the studied sample temperature and heating time impact on production of chalkstone with varying decarbonization process extent. Activity of the lime produced from the chalkstone was evaluated through determination of the total content of active calcium and magnesium oxides in it. In the course of the experiments the temperature and time impact on the liming process was defined. To justify the potential of the overburden chalkstone use as an additive for iron-ore pellet fluxing and their production with sufficiently high strength properties ensured, as well as of the complete replacement of the limestone used for these purposes, the experiments with the briquettes were carried out. At that the briquette composition complied with that of the fluxed iron-ore pellets. The briquette strength properties with chalkstone additives versus the firing temperature and degree were studies, as well as physicochemical processes occurring in the samples at their heat treatment. As a result of the investigation it was determined that the chalkstone additive use in the pellet fluxing contributes to their significant strength increase. The obtained results are of certain interest for the specialists dealing with iron ore material preparation for metallurgical conversion and allow development of pellet heat treatment conditions ensuring their high metallurgical performance.

scholarly journals Effect of T6 on Mechanical Properties of TiB and Sr Modified ADC12/SiC Composite Produced by Stir Casting

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 01023
Author(s):  
Pritamara Wahyuningtyas ◽  
Anne Zulfia Syahrial ◽  
Wahyuaji Narottama Putra ◽  
Budi Wahyu Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Grain Refiner ◽  
Brake Shoe ◽  
The Impact

A study of ADC12 (Al-Si aluminium alloy) composite is conducted to obtain a more sustainable material with enhanced properties for automotive industry purpose, such as train's brake shoe and bearing application. For those kind of utilization, material with durability, good elastic modulus, thermal stability, wear resistance, and high strength properties is needed due to its exposure to high temperature and heavy continuous application. ADC 12 acts as the matrix, reinforced with 3 vf% micro-SiC with 5 wt% Mg wetting agent was fabricated by the stir casting method. The addition of 0.18 wt% Sr and 0.15 wt% TiB were expected to finer the grain morphology of the silicone eutectic phase and to acts as the grain refiner, respectively. Furthermore, T6 heat treatment was applied with aging temperature 150 °C, 170 °C, 190 °C, 210 °C, and 230 °C, following the prior 1 h 490 °C solution treatment. The results obtained in this work showed enhancement in tensile strength with the value of 213 MPa, hardness value 75 HRB, and wear resistance. These values increase up to 115 MPa for the UTS and 38 HRB for the hardness value, as the impact of the refined grains from both modifiers and heat treatment.

Local Effects of Welding Seams with Laser-Based Joining Concepts for High-Strength Load-Transferring Structure Modules

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Mitja Schimek ◽  
O. Meier ◽  
A. Ostendorf ◽  
L. Engelbrecht ◽  
H. Haferkamp
Keyword(s):  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Local Effects ◽  
Final Assembly ◽  
Laser Joining ◽  
Local Material ◽  
Local Strength ◽  
Geometrical Effects ◽  
Joining Process

In subproject B1, local physical and geometrical effects which have only been observed so far as side effects in the laser joining process, are to be used purposefully, in order to achieve graded strength properties and to improve the component rigidity significantly. One aim of the work in the first requested period is the investigation of effects of laser-based joining connections on the structure rigidity for simplified sample geometries. A defined local strength increase will first be done on blind seams and later on seams with suitable seam geometries. In the context of SFB 675, laser joining processes are to be developed further so that the final assembly can take place with and other methods to increase strength for semi-finished products without considerably changing the local material characteristics. Beyond that, general rigidity effects of the connections are to be used purposefully for rigidity improvement.

Effect of Different Heat Treatments on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Martensitic Gx12CrMoVNbN9-1 Cast Steel / Wpływ Parametrów Obróbki Cieplnej Na Mikrostrukture I Własciwosci Mechaniczne Martenzytycznego Staliwa Gx12CrMoVNbn9-1

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Golanski ◽  
J. Słania
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Lath Martensite ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Quenching And Tempering ◽  
Very High

The paper presents a research on the influence of multistage heat treatment with the assumed parameters of temperature and time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-chromium martensitic GX12CrMoVNbN9-1 (GP91) cast steel. In the as-cast state GP91 cast steel was characterized by a microstructure of lath martensite with numerous precipitations of carbides of the M23C6, M3C and NbC type, with its properties higher than the required minimum. Hardening of the examined cast steel contributes to obtaining a microstructure of partly auto-tempered martensite of very high strength properties and impact strength KV on the level of 9-15 J. Quenching and tempering with subsequent stress relief annealing of GP91 cast steel contributed to obtaining the microstructure of high-tempered lath martensite with numerous precipitations of the M23C6 and MX type of diverse size. The microstructure of GP91 cast steel received after heat treatment was characterized by strength properties (yield strength, tensile strength) higher than the required minimum and a very high impact energy KV. It has been proved that GP91 cast steel subject to heat treatment No. 2 as a result of two-time heating above the Ac3 temperature is characterized by the highest impact energy.

The Through-Dyed Autoclaved Silicate Concretes with the Use of Thermally Activated Iron Ore Raw Materials Refinement Tailings

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 1101-1106
Author(s):  
Irina V. Starostina
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Iron Oxides ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Thermally Activated ◽  
Calcium Silicate Hydrates ◽  
Heat Treated

The iron ore raw materials refinement waste is not virtually used after the wet magnetic separation and is accumulated in special hydraulic constructions – tailing dumps. This work considers the opportunity of using the heat-treated tailings as loading pigments for through-dyed autoclaved silicate concretes production. The heat-treated tailings were added to the raw mix instead of quartz sand. The concrete samples of light-pink shades of color were obtained. It has been demonstrated that the activation processes, taking place at heat treatment of tailings, as well as the influence of iron oxides acting as a mineralizer at high temperatures, create the increased imperfection of the quartz component’s structure. This increases the synthesis rate of new formations – the low-basic calcium silicate hydrates – and increases the strength properties of the samples with optimal compositions by 70-75% as compared to the control sample.

Effects of a Thermal Coating Process on X100 UOE Line Pipe

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Timms ◽  
Duane DeGeer ◽  
Martin McLamb
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Coating Process ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Heat Treated

The increased demand for high strength linepipe for onshore and offshore pipeline systems has been well documented over the past few years. The economic benefits have been demonstrated, and solutions have been developed to address the technical issues facing high strength linepipe use. However, there are still a few unanswered questions, one of which is addressed in this paper: what is the effect of thermal treatment during the pipeline coating process on the material behaviour of high strength linepipe? This paper presents the results of a thermal coupon study investigating the effects of low temperature heat treatment on the tensile and compressive stress strain curves of samples taken from X100 linepipe. Thirty axial test coupons and thirty circumferential test coupons were machined from a 52 inch diameter, 21 mm wall thickness UOE X100 linepipe. Some of the coupons were maintained in the as-received condition (no heat treatment) while others were heat-treated in a manner that simulates a coating plant induction heat treatment process. All coupons were subsequently tested in tension or compression, either at room temperature or at −18°C. This study has provided a number of interesting results. In regards to material strength, the heat treatment increased the tensile and compressive yield strengths in the longitudinal and circumferential coupons. Axial tensile, axial compressive and circumferential tensile yield strength increases ranged from 5 to 10%. Circumferential compressive yield strength increases ranged from 14 to 24%. A Y/T ratio increase of approximately 7% was observed for all heat-treated tensile coupons. The coupon tests conducted at −18°C were only slightly different than their room temperature counterparts; with an average yield strength increase of 4% in all directions and orientations and a slight reduction in Y/T ratio.

scholarly journals High-Strain Deformation and Spallation Strength of 09CrNi2MoCu Steel Obtained by Direct Laser Deposition

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1305
Author(s):  
Olga Klimova-Korsmik ◽  
Gleb Turichin ◽  
Ruslan Mendagaliyev ◽  
Sergey Razorenov ◽  
Gennady Garkushin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Elastic Limit ◽  
Spall Strength ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Laser Deposition ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Direct Laser Deposition ◽  
Direct Laser ◽  
Hot Rolled

In this work, the critical fracture stresses during spalling of high-strength steel 09CrNi2MoCu samples obtained by direct laser deposition (DLD) were measured under shock compression of up to ~5.5 GPa. The microstructure and mechanical properties of DLD steel samples in the initial state and after heat treatment were studied and compared to traditional hot rolled one. The microstructural features of steel before and after heat treatment were revealed. The heat treatment modes of the deposit specimens on their strength properties under both static and dynamic loads have been investigated. The spall strength of the deposited specimens is somewhat lower than the strength of steel specimens after hot rolling regardless of their heat treatment. The minimum elastic limit of elasticity is exhibited by the deposit specimens. After heat treatment of the deposit samples, the elastic limit increases and approximately doubles. Subsequent heat treatment in the form of hardening and tempering allows obtaining strength properties under Hugoniot loads in traditional hot-rolled products.

NICOMET 1

Alloy Digest ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Spinodal Decomposition ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Typical Application ◽  
Copper Nickel

Abstract Nicomet 1 is a copper-nickel-tin alloy that has high strength because of spinodal decomposition in heat treatment. The alloy could replace aluminum and manganese bronzes. A typical application utilizes both the good antifriction and high strength properties. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on wear resistance as well as heat treating. Filing Code: CU-652. Producer or source: Anchor Bronze & Metals, Inc.

The influence of the parameters of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of welded joints

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (95) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
K. Łuczak ◽  
W. Wolany
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Optimal Parameter ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Charpy Impact Test ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Heating Up

Purpose: The main goal of the work is to determine the influence of the parameters of stress relief annealing on the mechanical and structural properties of welded joints made of chromium-molybdenum type 10CrMo9-10 steel. Design/methodology/approach: In the study, commercial 10CRMO9-10 steel was used, the Polish equivalent of 10H2M. This is a chromium-molybdenum toughened steel, i.e. after normalization (910-960°C) and high tempering (650-780°C). The materials were subjected to heat treatment, tests of mechanical properties, Charpy impact test, hardness of individual material zones, as well as macro and microscopic observations. Findings: The hardness tests indicated, that materials subjected to a single heat treatment possess the greatest hardness. Materials undergoing several heat treatments, possess hardness on a similar level to materials that have been annealed once, however they are characterized by low reproducibility of results. The most important parameter of heat treatment of the tested steel is heating up to a temperature of 690°C. Due to such heating, optimal mechanical properties are achieved, which results in long and safe exploitation of the produced elements. Research limitations/implications: The processes of heat treatment are very important to achieve optimal strength properties of welded joints. Practical implications: The development of energy worldwide has caused the creation of machines working in higher pressure and temperature ranges. The influence of temperatures decreases the service life of a given element. The adaptation and completion of the appropriate process of heat treatment extends the exploitation time of elements. Originality/value: Determining the mechanical properties of 10H2M steel, dependent on the temperature of heat treatment and heating time. It was concluded that the optimal parameter of heat treatment for the tested materials – is heating at a temperature of 690°C.

The Effect of Heat Treatment on Formability of Ultra-Fine Grained AA6061 for Bolt Manufacturing

2010 ◽  
Vol 443 ◽  
pp. 164-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Seok Choi ◽  
Young Gwan Jin ◽  
Yong Taek Im
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Artificial Aging ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Extrusion ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fine Grained Material ◽  
Set Up

Equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) was used before and after artificial aging to investigate the effect of heat treatment on formability of bulk nanostructure of commercially available aluminum alloy of AA6061 in the present study. In the ECAE, route A was applied up to four or eight passes by using the split dies set-up. The three-stage bolt forming using the ultra-fine grained specimens was carried out to check formability of the material. In the present experiments, the bolt forming was successful with the specimen prepared by the ECAE after artificial aging whilst it was not successful with the specimen prepared by a reverse process sequence. The strength increase was confirmed by the tension and microhardness tests and compared to the result of conventional AA2024 bolt made by the conventionally heat treated specimen. It was found that the strength was comparable to the level of the heat treated conventional one although the actual value was a little bit lower. In addition, it was demonstrated that the heat treatment sequence is important to achieve proper formability of the ultra-fine grained material to manufacture the high strength bolt.

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