The Evaluation of Setting Time and FTIR Spectroscopy of Carbonate Apatite Cement as Endodontic Sealer

2018 ◽  
Vol 782 ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elfira Megasari ◽  
Hendra Dian Adhita Dharsono ◽  
Richata Fadil ◽  
Myrna Nurlatifah Zakaria ◽  
Sebastian Sunardhi Widyaputra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Group ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Cement Sample ◽  
New Material ◽  
Apatite Cement ◽  
Root Dentin ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Time Evaluation

The carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) cement as an endodontic sealer play an essential role for endodontics treatment due to its potential to obturate root canal system as one of the most important part in endodontic treatment. Moreover, the CO3Ap has probability of similarities with composition of root dentin. Recently, the setting time of commercial endodontic sealer has 4 hours to 1 day. Therefore, the aim of this present study is to evaluate setting time and to determine the functional group of the new material composition for endodontic sealer. CO3Ap cement sealer was prepared by mixing dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA), vaterite and calcium hydroxide [Ca (OH)2] with 0.2 mol/L Na2HPO4 containing 1% sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) and 32 μg thymoquinone, with liquid to powder ratio of 0.6. The setting time was evaluated by Vicat needle method as describe on modification ISO 1566 for zinc phosphate cement. Five compositions of powder ratio were prepared in this study. The set CO3Ap cement sample was evaluated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to define the functional group of the sample. Setting time evaluation indicated that the average setting time of CO3Ap cement was 21 minutes of five compositions. The FTIR analyses revealed that the CO32- groups were detected, so the results could determine as B-type CO3Ap.The CO3Ap cement was considered fast setting as an endodontic sealer compared to sealers made from other base and proven to have similarities with the components of root dentin.

Fabrication of Carbonate Apatite Cement as Endodontic Sealer

2017 ◽  
Vol 758 ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arief Cahyanto ◽  
Elfira Megasari ◽  
Myrna Nurlatifah Zakaria ◽  
Nina Djustiana ◽  
Sunarso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
New Material ◽  
Apatite Cement ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Diametral Tensile Strength

Carbonate Apatite (CO3Ap) cement has been widely used for bone substitute. It is known that CO3Ap crystals have the close composition to natural bone. It is expected that CO3Ap cement may play an essential role in endodontics treatment, particularly as an endodontic sealer due to its potential to obturate root canal system to a more hermetic and stable environment. Therefore, the aim of this study is to fabricate CO3Ap cement as a new material for endodontic sealer. The CO3Ap cement sealer was prepared by mixing dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA), vaterite and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] with 0.2 mol/L Na2HPO4 containing 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) and 32 µg thymoquinone, with liquid to powder ratio of 0.6. The set cement was incubated at 37°C under 100% relative humidity for 72 h. In this study, five compositions of powder ratio were prepared. The diametral tensile strength (DTS) evaluation indicated that CO3Ap cement made of 60% DCPA, 30% Vaterite and 10% Ca(OH)2 has the highest mechanical strength compared with the other compositions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the set cement with the highest DTS value indicated that CO3Ap crystals were successfully formed. The set cement with the highest DTS value showed the highest density compared with the other compositions evidenced from scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. In conclusion, the CO3Ap cement was successfully fabricated by mixing DCPA, vaterite and Ca(OH)2. The CO3Ap cement prepared from 60% DCPA, 30% Vaterite and 10% Ca(OH)2 demonstrated the highest DTS value compared with the other compositions.

scholarly journals An Unusual Mishap during Root Canal Access in Retreatment Case

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Manjunath Hampanna Malur ◽  
Akash Krishna ◽  
D. V. Sapna
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Ultrasonic Energy ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Retreatment Case ◽  
Root Dentin ◽  
Root Canal System

Varieties of objects have been introduced into the root canal system accidentally or intentionally; removal of these objects necessitates the success of the treatment. This paper explains an unusual bur fracture during nonsurgical endodontic treatment and its removal by ultrasonic energy with ease and without the removal of extra large amount of root dentin.

Apexogenesis & Apexification

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goldberg M
Keyword(s):  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Fracture ◽  
Root Dentin ◽  
Treatment Objective ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Dentin Formation ◽  
Two Alternatives

Apexogenesis and apexification constitute two alternatives possibilities to endodontic therapies. Apexogenesis is a phenomenon implicating a vital pulp. The thin dentin walls of the large canals place the tooth at greater risk for root fracture. Root lengthening is associated with tooth eruption. The treatment objective is to maximize the opportunity for apical development and closure. This is known as apexification that is occurring when the pulp is non-vital, infected or not. Apexification enhanced the continued root dentin formation inside the lumen, linked with apical closure and possibly with radicular dental pulp regeneration. A new treatment option of revascularization has recently been introduced after triple antibiotic therapy. It involves disinfecting the root canal system. After laceration of the periapex with a file until bleeding occurs, it provides a matrix of blood clot into which cells could grow. In parallel, it involves the sealing of the coronal access.

scholarly journals Setting time evaluation of injectable carbonate apatite cement using various sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na CMC) concentration

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Arief Cahyanto ◽  
Indah Permatasari ◽  
Renny Febrida
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose ◽  
Standard Requirement ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Apatite Cement ◽  
Concentration Methods

Introduction: The injectable calcium phosphate cement has the advantage to be used in the bone defect with the limited access which supports a minimally invasive surgical technique. These Injectability properties of calcium phosphate cement can be modified by adding a sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na CMC). The aim of this present study is to investigate the setting time of injectable bone cement based on CO3Ap using various Na CMC concentration. Methods: Vaterite (a polymorph of CaCO3) and Dicalcium Phosphate Anhydrous (DCPA) as powder phase mixed with 0.2 mol/L Na2HPO4 solution containing 1% polyethylene glycol (PEG) and various concentration of Na CMC as followed 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%, respectively. Each concentration groups was consisting of 5 samples from total 20 samples. Powder and liquid phase was mixed with a spatula at a liquid to powder (L/P) ratio of 0.4. The setting time of CO3Ap cement was evaluated according to the modification method standardized by ISO 1566 for dental zinc phosphate cement using a custom fabricated Vicat needle apparatus. The cement was maintained at 37ºC and 100% relative humidity as a standard requirement. Results: The mean value of setting time cement was as followed 0.5% Na CMC 35:06 minutes, 1% Na CMC 38:48 minutes, 1.5% Na CMC 40:06 minutes, and 2% Na CMC 41:30 minutes. The result is statistically significant (p<0.05) with the group of 0.5% Na CMC compared to others group. Conclusion: Increasing the concentration of Na CMC could prolong the setting time of CO3Ap cement.

scholarly journals Evaluation of solubility, disintegration, and dimensional alterations of a glass ionomer root canal sealer

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacy Ribeiro Carvalho-Júnior ◽  
Luiz Fernando L. Guimarães ◽  
Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho ◽  
Jesus D. Pécora ◽  
Manoel D. Sousa-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Root Canal Sealer ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Original Mass ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Ionomer Cement

The aim of this study was to evaluate the glass ionomer cement Ketac-Endo (K) compared with Endofill (E), N-Rickert (N), and Sealer 26 (S) in terms of disintegration, solubility, and dimensional alteration properties, based on ADA Specification No 57. For dimensional alterations, 12-mm high cylindric specimens measuring 6 mm in diameter were prepared and left to stand for a period corresponding to three times the setting time. These specimens were immersed in 30 ml of deionized distilled water after measuring their length with a caliper. Thirty days later, the sample was removed from the container, dried and measured again for length to determine the percent of dimensional alteration. For solubility and disintegration, 1.5-mm thick cement samples measuring 20 mm in diameter were prepared and left to stand for a period corresponding to three times the setting time. The samples were weighed and immersed in 50 ml of deionized distilled water. After seven days, the samples were removed, dried and weighed again to determine the mass loss of each sample, expressed as percentage of original mass. This was considered to correspond to solubility and disintegration of cement. The results were: dimensional alteration: E (+0.14), K (-0.24), N (+0.23), S (+3.26); for disintegration and solubility: E (3.90), K (9.90), N (3.00), S (0.25). We concluded that the dimensional alteration of all cements conformed to ADA standards; Endofill and Ketac-Endo sealers presented higher values for disintegration and solubility than ADA recommendations. Obturating a root canal with a sealer that presents low disintegration and low contraction could minimize the penetration of fluids into the root canal system, thus sealing the space hermetically.

scholarly journals Micro-tomographic characterization of the root and canal system morphology of mandibular first premolars in a Chilean population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Sierra-Cristancho ◽  
Luis González-Osuna ◽  
Daniela Poblete ◽  
Emilio A. Cafferata ◽  
Paola Carvajal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Multiple Root ◽  
Root Anatomy ◽  
Type I ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Chilean Population

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the root anatomy and root canal system morphology of mandibular first premolars in a Chilean population. 186 teeth were scanned using micro-computed tomography and reconstructed three-dimensionally. The root canal system morphology was classified using both Vertucci’s and Ahmed’s criteria. The radicular grooves were categorized using the ASUDAS system, and the presence of Tomes’ anomalous root was associated with Ahmed’s score. A single root canal was identified in 65.05% of teeth, being configuration type I according to Vertucci’s criteria and code 1MP1 according to Ahmed’s criteria. Radicular grooves were observed in 39.25% of teeth. The ASUDAS scores for radicular grooves were 60.75%, 13.98%, 12.36%, 10.22%, 2.15%, and 0.54%, from grade 0 to grade 5, respectively. The presence of Tomes’ anomalous root was identified only in teeth with multiple root canals, and it was more frequently associated with code 1MP1–2 of Ahmed’s criteria. The root canal system morphology of mandibular first premolars showed a wide range of anatomical variations in the Chilean population. Teeth with multiple root canals had a higher incidence of radicular grooves, which were closely related to more complex internal anatomy. Only teeth with multiple root canals presented Tomes’ anomalous root.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Morpho-Geometrical Changes of the Root Canal System Produced by TF Adaptive vs. BioRace: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Loai Alsofi ◽  
Muhannad Al Harbi ◽  
Martin Stauber ◽  
Khaled Balto
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Type I ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Canal Surface ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Structure Model Index ◽  
Continuous Rotation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Root Canal System

We aimed to analyze the morpho-geometric changes of the root canal system created by two rotary systems (TF Adaptive and BioRace) using micro-CT technology. Two concepts of rotary file system kinematics, continuous rotation and adaptive kinematics, were used in root canal preparation. Twenty mandibular molars (n = 20) were selected with the following criteria: the teeth have mesial roots with a single and continuous isthmus connecting the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals (Vertucci’s Type I configuration) and distal roots with independent canals. Teeth were scanned at a resolution of 14 μm. Canals were divided equally into two groups and then enlarged sequentially using the BioRace system and TF Adaptive system according to manufacturer protocol. Co-registered images, before and after preparation, were evaluated for morphometric measurements of canal surface area, volume, structure model index, thickness, straightening, and un-instrumented surface area. Before and after preparation, data were statistically analyzed using a paired sample t-test. After preparation, data were analyzed using an unpaired sample test. The preparation by both systems significantly changed canal surface area, volume, structure model index, and thickness in both systems. There were no significant differences between instrument types with respect to these parameters (p > 0.05). TF Adaptive was associated with less straightening (8% compared with 17% for BioRace in the mesial canal, p > 0.05). Both instrumentation systems produced canal preparations with adequate geometrical changes. BioRace straightened the mesial canals more than TF Adaptive.

Thermal and mechanical characterization of a new material based on two gypsums from different localities : High Atlas of Marrakech and Safi Basin, Morocco

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
imane baba ◽  
Mounsif Ibnoussina ◽  
Omar Witam ◽  
Latifa Saadi
Keyword(s):  
Setting Time ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Atlas ◽  
New Material ◽  
Indoor Comfort

&lt;p&gt;Over the last few decades, the construction industry has become interested in materials that are durable, environmentally friendly and easily recyclable. This interest is due to the advantages these materials offer, among others local availability, low carbon footprint, energy efficiency and indoor comfort. The objective of this work is to study the properties of plasters prepared from a mixture of two types of gypsum. We were interested in the evolution of thermal conductivity, mechanical resistance and setting time as a function of the percentage of addition.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Two types of gypsum were studied, the first one belongs to the Safi basin and the second one comes from the High Atlas of Marrakech.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The characterization of the gypsums was necessary to determine its physical and geotechnical properties, its mineralogy, its thermal behavior and its microscopic structure. Several analyses were developed such as density measurement by pycnometer, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We have made samples, of standardized dimensions, of mixtures based on both types of plaster. The water/gypsum mass ratio was set at 0.75.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The results revealed that the properties of gypsum as well as the percentage of addition affect the mechanical and thermal properties and the setting time of the composite material. The addition of the High Atlas gypsum of Marrakech allowed improving the material in terms of thermal insulation. The results of the other tests will be communicated later.&lt;/p&gt;

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