The Efficiency of Pt-Doped Titania Pillared Clay Membranes for the Treatment of Real Textile Wastewater: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 843 ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Tanushree Choudhury

Titania pillared clay membranes exhibit unique charge characteristics which are dependent on the solution pH. Doping of such membranes with precious metal like Pt induces a positive charge on the surface of the membranes, thus increasing its resistance against fouling. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirm the complete intercalation of anatase titania in the interlayer spaces of Montmorillonite in the present work. These membranes efficiently removed 83% of the dye from the real textile effluent in a one filtration cycle.

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 761
Author(s):  
Nino Rinaldi ◽  
S Subagjo ◽  
IGBN Makertihartha ◽  
Hery Haerudin

Research on a subject of the preparation of Ni-Mo catalyst on pillared clay support by wetness impregnation method will be investigated in laboratory. The metal concentration of Mo, which will be treated, is roughly 20 %wt and of Ni is 3 %wt. Due to using MoO3 as the metal active catalyst; therefore the support has to contain a specific surface area more than 210 m2/gr in order to achieve the high dispersion of active metal on the support. Also, the effect of the pH of the Mo impregnation solution to the metal active dispersion and activity for Coker naphtha hydrodesulfurization (HDS) will be studied. Characterization of the catalyst will be conducted by using X-ray Diffraction, FT-Infrared, X-ray fluorescence and nitrogen sorption measurement. It is found that the surface area of the support is generated almost 280 m2/gr by pillarization with the oxide composition of the catalyst was 12%-wt of MoO3 and 1.4%-wt of NiO. NiMo-PILC pH-10 catalyst had higher dispersion of active metal on the support than NiMo-PILC pH-1 catalyst. On NiMo-PILC pH-10 catalyst, there was a substantial part of Mo species in the interlayer space of the Al-pillared lay, probably in interaction with the alumina pillar.  Although, it has to be more detail investigated. From the result of the activity test for Coker naphtha HDS showed that NiMo­ PILC pH-10 catalyst had slightly higher activity than NiMo-PILC pH-1 catalyst. However, the both of catalyst still had not good enough activity if compare with the commercial catalyst.Keywords: Montmorillonite-Pillared Clay, Ni-Mo catalyst, Preparation Abstrak Suatu penelitian mengenai preparasi katalis Ni-Mo pada penyangga lempung berpilar dengan metoda impregnasi basah dirancang dan dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium. Konsentrasi logam Mo yang digunakan sebesar 13%-b MoO3 dan logam Ni 4%-b NiO. Karena fasa aktif katalis yang digunakan adalah MoO3 maka luas permukaan penyangga yang dibutuhkan adalah lebih besar dari 210 m2/gr guna mendapatkan dispersi yang tinggi. Selain itu, dipelajari juga efek pH larutan impregnasi Mo terhadap dispersi fasa aktif dan aktivitas katalis pada reaksi hidrodesulfurisasi coker nafta. Karakterisasi katalis berpenyangga dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat difraksi sinar-x, FT-IR, XRF serta dilakukan pengukuran luas permukaan spesifiknya. Dari penelitian ini, didapatkan luas permukaan penyangga lempung berpilar sebesar 277 m2/gr dengan komposisi okasida katalis NiMo yang dihasilkan adalah 12%-b MoO3 dan 1.4%-b NiO. Katalis NiMo-PILC pH-1O memiliki dispersi logam aktif yang lebih tinggi pada penyangga jika dibandingkan dengan katalis NiMo-PILC pH-1. Selain itu, pada katalis NiMo-PILC pH-10 ditemukan adanya sebagian logam Mo yang masuk kedalam ruang interlayer dari lempung, yang diduga menjadi pilar. Namun hal ini harus diteliti lebih detail. Hasil uji aktivitas katalis pada reaksi HDS coker nafta menunjukan bahwa katalis NiMo-PILC pH-10 memiliki aktivitas yang lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan katalis NiMo-PILC pH-1. Namun aktivitas dari kedua katalis tersebut masih di bawah dari katalis hidrotreating komersial. Kata kunci: Coker Nafta, Katalis Ni-Mo, Lempung Berpilar, Preparasi


Crystals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqing Zhou ◽  
Junhui Shan ◽  
Dong Chen ◽  
Hongzhen Li

Crystallization is one of the most important methods in the crystal habit control of explosive products. For this study, the antisolvent crystallization experiments were carried out to tune the crystal habits of 2,6-dimaino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxid (LLM-105). Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) was used as an organic solvent. Water, methanol, acetic acid, nitromethane, acetone, ethanol, methylene chloride, o-dichlorobenzene, and toluene were selected as antisolvents. The X-shaped, spherical cluster-like, rod-like, needle-like, and dendritic crystals were successfully produced by varying the kind of the antisolvent. These results manifested that the polarity and functional groups of antisolvent molecules played important roles in the crystal habits of LLM-105 explosive. The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) measurements indicated that these antisolvents just tuned the crystal habit of LLM-105 but did not change the crystal structure. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG) results of the obtained crystals showed that the crystal habits significantly affected the thermal properties. This study can contribute to the investigation of the mechanism of antisolvent-induced crystal habit modification and screen out the efficient antisolvents.


2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 591-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Sheng Chen ◽  
Si Yao Guo ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Song Han

The doping TiO2 were prepared by hydrothermal method with two different nonmetal, that is N-doped, and N, S codoped. The resulting materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). According to the test result, nitrogen and sulfur co-doped titania give a higher photocatalytic activity in the degradation of organophosphorus pesticide. It was evidenced that the incorporation N in the anatase titania lattice in the form of O–Ti–N linkages. However, we compared with N-doped and N, S codoped it was no reservation to conclude that N, S codoped titania exhibit the further enhanced photocatalytic activity.


Author(s):  
Denis Rychkov ◽  
Sergey Arkhipov ◽  
Elena Boldyreva

A new salt of L-valinium hydrogen maleate was used as an example to study structure-forming units in amino acid maleates. This compound was crystallized, its structure solved from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data, and the phase purity of the bulk powder sample confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction and FT–IR spectra. The stability of the new salt was analyzed using density functional theory andPIXELcalculations with focus on theC22(12) structure-forming crystallographic motif. This motif was of particular interest as it is common for almost all maleates. The exceptionally high ability of maleic acid to form salts with various amino acids was rationalized.


2016 ◽  
Vol 675-676 ◽  
pp. 664-666
Author(s):  
Noppadon Chamchoi ◽  
Narong Sangwaranatee ◽  
Jakrapong Kaewkhao ◽  
K. Teanchai ◽  
Wichian Siriprom

In present study, the removal of Cu (II) ions from aqueous solution was investigated by both biosorption and investigated by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The variable of the batch experiment include solution pH, content time, were conducted to determine the factors affecting capacities sorption of Cu (II). The experimental result explored that that the maximum pH for efficient sorption of Cu (II) was 9. The optimum condition of sorption were found to be contact time of 180 min, and initial Cu concentration 200 mg/L, while the result of XRD reveal that the Paphia undulate shell have aragonite phase and change to mixture phase after sorption which corresponding, with the result of EDXRF which increasing the concentration of Cu


2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 2162-2165
Author(s):  
Si Yao Guo ◽  
Bo Chi ◽  
Jin Bing Sun ◽  
Feng Lu Wang ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
...  

Phosphor and nitrogen co-doped titania were prepared by hydrothermal method with phosphorous acid and ammonia as the P and N sources, respectively. The resulting materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Phosphor and nitrogen co-doped titania give a higher photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under solar light irradiation. It was evidenced that the incorporation of P and N in the anatase titania lattice in the form of O–Ti–N, O–P–N, and Ti–O–P linkages. After photocatalytic properties studies, we can conclude that N, P codoped titania exhibit the further enhanced photocatalytic activity.


Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1085
Author(s):  
Patricia Castaño-Rivera ◽  
Isabel Calle-Holguín ◽  
Johanna Castaño ◽  
Gustavo Cabrera-Barjas ◽  
Karen Galvez-Garrido ◽  
...  

Organoclay nanoparticles (Cloisite® C10A, Cloisite® C15) and their combination with carbon black (N330) were studied as fillers in chloroprene/natural/butadiene rubber blends to prepare nanocomposites. The effect of filler type and load on the physical mechanical properties of nanocomposites was determined and correlated with its structure, compatibility and cure properties using Fourier Transformed Infrared (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and rheometric analysis. Physical mechanical properties were improved by organoclays at 5–7 phr. Nanocomposites with organoclays exhibited a remarkable increase up to 46% in abrasion resistance. The improvement in properties was attributed to good organoclay dispersion in the rubber matrix and to the compatibility between them and the chloroprene rubber. Carbon black at a 40 phr load was not the optimal concentration to interact with organoclays. The present study confirmed that organoclays can be a reinforcing filler for high performance applications in rubber nanocomposites.


Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2123
Author(s):  
Maria Râpă ◽  
Maria Stefan ◽  
Paula Popa ◽  
Dana Toloman ◽  
Cristian Leostean ◽  
...  

The electrospun nanosystems containing poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and 1 wt% Fe doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) (with the content of dopant in the range of 0–1 wt% Fe) deposited onto polylactic acid (PLA) film were prepared for food packaging application. They were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), antimicrobial analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) techniques. Migration studies conducted in acetic acid 3% (wt/wt) and ethanol 10% (v/v) food simulants as well as by the use of treated ashes with 3% HNO3 solution reveal that the migration of Zn and Fe falls into the specific limits imposed by the legislation in force. Results indicated that the PLA/PHBV/ZnO:Fex electrospun nanosystems exhibit excellent antibacterial activity against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC-27853) due to the generation of a larger amount of perhydroxyl (˙OOH) radicals as assessed using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy coupled with a spin trapping method.


Author(s):  
Erdoğan Karip ◽  
Mehtap Muratoğlu

People are exposed to different kinds of diseases or various accidents in life. Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely employed for bone treatment applications. In this study, HA was extracted from sheep bones. Bio-composites were doped with 1, 5, and 10 wt.% of expanded perlite and 5 wt.% of ZrO2–MgO-P2O5. The bio-composites were prepared by the cold isostatic pressing method (250 MPa) and sintered at 900°C for 1 h. In order to evaluate the characteristics of the bio-composites, microhardness, density, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses were carried out on them. Additionally, the specimens whose characteristics were determined were kept in synthetic body fluid (SBF), and their in vitro behavior was examined. As a result, it was observed that microhardness increased as both the weight and the grain size of the expanded perlite were increased. Calcium silicate, tri-calcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite were observed in the XRD analysis of all samples, and the formation of apatite structures was increased by addition of ZrO2–MgO–P2O5.


Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 558
Author(s):  
Wenhui Zhu ◽  
Caiyun Zhang ◽  
Yali Chen ◽  
Qiliang Deng

Photothermal materials are attracting more and more attention. In this research, we synthesized a ferrocene-containing polymer with magnetism and photothermal properties. The resulting polymer was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Its photo-thermocatalytic activity was investigated by choosing methylene blue (MB) as a model compound. The degradation percent of MB under an irradiated 808 nm laser reaches 99.5% within 15 min, and the degradation rate is 0.5517 min−1, which is 145 times more than that of room temperature degradation. Under irradiation with simulated sunlight, the degradation rate is 0.0092 min−1, which is approximately 2.5 times more than that of room temperature degradation. The present study may open up a feasible route to degrade organic pollutants.


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