Annealing Temperature Effects in Co-Precipitated CoFe2O4 Nanoparticles Using Bengawan Solo River Fine Sediment

2020 ◽  
Vol 855 ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Ahmad Thabib Mubarok ◽  
Hendri Widiyandari ◽  
Utari ◽  
Budi Purnama
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Fine Sediment ◽  
Fine Sediments ◽  
Maximum Reduction ◽  
Crystallite Sizes

In this study, the synthesis of CoFe2O4 by using the fine sediment of the Bengawan Solo River, Trucuk District, Bodjonegoro Regency as raw materials with the coprecipitation method has been successfully carried out. The fine sediment is used as a source of Fe cation in the synthesis of CoFe2O4. The XRD confirmation results showed that CoFe2O4 is formed at an annealing temperature of 800° C with crystallite sizes ranging from 34.88 to 38.05 nm. Thus, the VSM characterization showed that the magnetic properties of the CoFe2O4 nanoparticles depend on the heat treatment of the fine sediments as ore materials. Finally, the obtained CoFe2O4 samples can be used as photocatalysts with a maximum reduction rate ratio of 83%.

BÖHLER W403 VMR

Alloy Digest ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Diffusion Annealing ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Böhler (or Boehler) W403 VMR is a tool steel with outstanding properties, based not only on a modified chemical composition, but on the selection of highly clean raw materials for melting, remelting under vacuum (VMF), optimized diffusion annealing, and a special heat treatment. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming and heat treating. Filing Code: TS-721. Producer or source: Böhler Edelstahl GmbH.

scholarly journals Effect of Optical and Morphological Control of Single-Structured LEC Device

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 843
Author(s):  
Woo Jin Jeong ◽  
Jong Ik Lee ◽  
Hee Jung Kwak ◽  
Jae Min Jeon ◽  
Dong Yeol Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Emission Layer ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Stable Operating

We investigated the performance of single-structured light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC) devices with Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2 polymer composite as an emission layer by controlling thickness and heat treatment. When the thickness was smaller than 120–150 nm, the device performance decreased because of the low optical properties and non-dense surface properties. On the other hand, when the thickness was over than 150 nm, the device had too high surface roughness, resulting in high-efficiency roll-off and poor device stability. With 150 nm thickness, the absorbance increased, and the surface roughness was low and dense, resulting in increased device characteristics and better stability. The heat treatment effect further improved the surface properties, thus improving the device characteristics. In particular, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) reduction rate was shallow at 100 °C, which indicates that the LEC device has stable operating characteristics. The LEC device exhibited a maximum luminance of 3532 cd/m2 and an EQE of 1.14% under 150 nm thickness and 100 °C heat treatment.

Preparation of Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Biological Coatings on Carbon/Carbon Composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 434-435 ◽  
pp. 502-505
Author(s):  
Ying Hua Li ◽  
Li Yun Cao ◽  
Jian Feng Huang ◽  
Xie Rong Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Isopropyl Alcohol ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Condition ◽  
Subsequent Heat Treatment ◽  
Carbon Composites ◽  
Deposition Voltage

Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan (HAp/CS) bio-coatings were prepared on the surface of carbon/ carbon (C/C) composites by hydrothermal electrophoretic deposition, using sonochemical process resulted HAp nanoparticles, isopropyl alcohol and chitosan as raw materials. The influences of hydro- thermal conditions and deposition voltage on the microstructures and morphologies of the as-prepared coatings were investigated. It was shown that homogenous and dense HAp/CS coatings on C/C composites are obtained by hydrothermal electrophoretic deposition. With the increase of deposition voltage, density and homogeneity of the as-prepared HAp/CS composite coatings are well improved. Due to the growth of HAp nanoparticles in the hydrothermal condition, the subsequent heat treatment of the HAp/CS coatings is not needed.

Effects of Annealing Temperature on Morphology and Dielectric Property of BiFeO3 Films

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1736-1739
Author(s):  
Li Li Zhang ◽  
Guo Qiang Tan ◽  
Meng Cheng ◽  
Hui Jun Ren ◽  
Ao Xia
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Dielectric Property ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Pure Phase ◽  
Lower Loss

Fe(NO3)3•9H2O and Bi(NO3)3•5H2O were used as raw materials. BiFeO3 thin films were prepared by sol-gel method. The effects of annealing temperatures on the morphology and dielectric property of the thin films were studied. XRD results show that the multi-crystal thin films with pure phase are obtained when annealed at 500°C and 550°C. But annealing at 580°C will lead to the appearance of Bi2.46Fe5O12 phase.AFM images show that as the increase of annealing temperatures the surface toughness of the thin film is decreased, but the surface undulation of the thin films is decreased gradually. Within the frequency range of 1KHz~1MHz, the dielectric constant of BiFeO3 thin films is kept over 125 and it does not change very much from 500°C to 580°C. Annealed at 550°C, the BiFeO3 thin films with the lower loss are obtained. At 1MHz, the dielectric loss is 0.12.

RATIONAL PROCESS PARAMETERS OF CHOPPED SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS PRODUCTION USING EMULSIONS FROM COLLAGENCONTAINING RAW MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
pp. 199-213
Author(s):  
I. Kaltovich
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Steam Treatment ◽  
Point System ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Genus Lactobacillus ◽  
Rational Process

The article presents the results of research on the determination of rational technological parameters for the production of chopped semi-products using emulsions from collagen-containing raw materials fermented by bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus. Water dosages are installed in the composition of chopped semi-finished products: 12% – with emulsions from pork skin and tails and 11% - with emulsion from connective tissue. Duration of ingredients mixing (5 minutes), sequence of raw materials laying during manufacture of articles, as well as duration of heat treatment of chopped semiproducts is determined: 25 minutes – during steaming (t = 95–100 °С), 20 minutes – during baking (t = 180 °C), 15 minutes – during frying (t = 110 °C), while recommended methods of bringing semifinished products to culinary readiness are steam treatment and baking, which allow for improved functional and technological (TUS – 79.3-81.8%, weight loss during heat treatment – 5.1–7.9%), structural and mechanical (PNS - 1413.9–1470.4 Pa) and organoleptic indicators (juiciness, appearance, consistency, taste, smell) of these products (9 points according to the 9-point system).

scholarly journals FEATURES OF FORMATION OF CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC TEXTURE AND PROPERTIES IN Ti-3Al-2.5V TITANIUM ALLOY DURING TUBES MANUFACTURE

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
V.S. Vakhrusheva ◽  
N.V. Hruzin ◽  
D.G. Malykhin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Stress Relief ◽  
Tangential Component ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Texture Formation ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Diameter Reduction

Texture formation processes at all technological stages of tube manufacture were considered. It has been established that at the stage of hot deformation and manufacture of TREX tubes, tangential and radial textures are formed, a large share of tangential component of the texture. Influence of main factors of the technological process on formation of texture and properties was established. Conditions for formation of a maximum amount of radial texture in tubes which ensure improvement of service properties of tubes were determined. To create maximum amount of radial texture in tubes, total reduction rate in passes and the wall to diameter reduction ratio (factor Q) are important. The reduction rate should be increased, especially in the last passes, to 75…85%. Heat treatment (stress relief annealing) practically does not change the tube texture.

scholarly journals Iodine-Loaded Calcium Titanate for Bone Repair with Sustainable Antibacterial Activity Prepared by Solution and Heat Treatment

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2199
Author(s):  
Seiji Yamaguchi ◽  
Phuc Thi Minh Le ◽  
Seine A. Shintani ◽  
Hiroaki Takadama ◽  
Morihiro Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Calcium Titanate ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Combined Solution

In the orthopedic and dental fields, simultaneously conferring titanium (Ti) and its alloy implants with antibacterial and bone-bonding capabilities is an outstanding challenge. In the present study, we developed a novel combined solution and heat treatment that controllably incorporates 0.7% to 10.5% of iodine into Ti and its alloys by ion exchange with calcium ions in a bioactive calcium titanate. The treated metals formed iodine-containing calcium-deficient calcium titanate with abundant Ti-OH groups on their surfaces. High-resolution XPS analysis revealed that the incorporated iodine ions were mainly positively charged. The surface treatment also induced a shift in the isoelectric point toward a higher pH, which indicated a prevalence of basic surface functionalities. The Ti loaded with 8.6% iodine slowly released 5.6 ppm of iodine over 90 days and exhibited strong antibacterial activity (reduction rate >99%) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), S. aureus, Escherichia coli, and S. epidermidis. A long-term stability test of the antibacterial activity on MRSA showed that the treated Ti maintained a >99% reduction until 3 months, and then it gradually decreased after 6 months (to a 97.3% reduction). There was no cytotoxicity in MC3T3-E1 or L929 cells, whereas apatite formed on the treated metal in a simulated body fluid within 3 days. It is expected that the iodine-carrying Ti and its alloys will be particularly useful for orthopedic and dental implants since they reliably bond to bone and prevent infection owing to their apatite formation, cytocompatibility, and sustainable antibacterial activity.

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