Improved Coating Adhesion on Polymers with Novel Laser Machining Pre-Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 894 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Zhen Di Yang ◽  
Chris Goode
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
Laser Machining ◽  
Polymer Substrates ◽  
Chemical Etch ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Strong Adhesion ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Pre Treatment

Electroplating on polymer substrates, which provides polymers with enhanced mechanical properties, extended component lifetimes, and offers a decorative appearance, is environmentally unsustainable. Laser machining, a green process developed at Cirrus Materials Science Ltd, generates an array of pores on various polymer surfaces, which replaces the chemical etch process, and provides strong adhesion for metal coatings to polymer substrates. Laser machining is also applicable to a wide range of engineered or industrial polymer substrates and is adaptable to complex shapes and 3D printed parts. This paper discussed the process of laser machining of polymer substrates including the properties of metal layers on such machined surfaces; and demonstrated laser machining as a promising substitute for conventional chemical etching to prepare various engineering polymer substrates for adhesive coatings.

scholarly journals Continuous-Wave Laser-Induced Transfer of Metal Nanoparticles to Arbitrary Polymer Substrates

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaemook Lim ◽  
Youngchan Kim ◽  
Jaeho Shin ◽  
Younggeun Lee ◽  
Wooseop Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Metal Electrode ◽  
Metal Nanoparticle ◽  
Polymer Substrates ◽  
Cw Laser ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Strong Adhesion ◽  
The Difference

Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) and selective laser sintering (SLS) are two distinct laser processes that can be applied to metal nanoparticle (NP) ink for the fabrication of a conductive layer on various substrates. A pulsed laser and a continuous-wave (CW) laser are utilized respectively in the conventional LIFT and SLS processes; however, in this study, CW laser-induced transfer of the metal NP is proposed to achieve simultaneous sintering and transfer of the metal NP to a wide range of polymer substrates. At the optimum laser parameters, it was shown that a high-quality uniform metal conductor was created on the acceptor substrate while the metal NP was sharply detached from the donor substrate, and we anticipate that such an asymmetric transfer phenomenon is related to the difference in the adhesion strengths. The resultant metal electrode exhibits a low resistivity that is comparable to its bulk counterpart, together with strong adhesion to the target polymer substrate. The versatility of the proposed process in terms of the target substrate and applicable metal NPs brightens its prospects as a facile manufacturing scheme for flexible electronics.

3D printing: an emerging technology for sensor fabrication

Sensor Review ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Bogue
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sensor Fabrication ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Printed Sensors ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

Purpose This study aims to provide a technical insight into sensors fabricated by three-dimensional (3D) printing methods. Design/methodology/approach Following an introduction to 3D printing, this article first discusses printed sensors for strain and allied variables, based on a diverse range of principles and materials. It then considers ultrasonic and acoustic sensor developments and provides details of a sensor based on 3D printed electronic components for monitoring food quality in real-time. Finally, brief concluding comments are drawn. Findings Several variants of the 3D printing technique have been used in the fabrication of a range of sensors based on many different operating principles. These exhibit good performance and sometimes unique characteristics. A key benefit is the ability to overcome the limitations of conventional manufacturing techniques by creating complex shapes from a wide range of sensing materials. Originality/value 3D printing is a new and potentially important sensor fabrication technology, and this article provides details of a range of recently reported developments.

scholarly journals Machine learning for multi-dimensional optimisation and predictive visualisation of laser machining

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. T. McDonnell ◽  
Daniel Arnaldo ◽  
Etienne Pelletier ◽  
James A. Grant-Jacob ◽  
Matthew Praeger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Pulse ◽  
Surface Texturing ◽  
Laser Surface Texturing ◽  
Laser Machining ◽  
Laser Materials ◽  
Parameter Optimisation ◽  
Short Pulse Laser ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractInteractions between light and matter during short-pulse laser materials processing are highly nonlinear, and hence acutely sensitive to laser parameters such as the pulse energy, repetition rate, and number of pulses used. Due to this complexity, simulation approaches based on calculation of the underlying physical principles can often only provide a qualitative understanding of the inter-relationships between these parameters. An alternative approach such as parameter optimisation, often requires a systematic and hence time-consuming experimental exploration over the available parameter space. Here, we apply neural networks for parameter optimisation and for predictive visualisation of expected outcomes in laser surface texturing with blind vias for tribology control applications. Critically, this method greatly reduces the amount of experimental laser machining data that is needed and associated development time, without negatively impacting accuracy or performance. The techniques presented here could be applied in a wide range of fields and have the potential to significantly reduce the time, and the costs associated with laser process optimisation.

scholarly journals Towards a methodology for the characterisation of the fabric of wet clays using X-ray scattering

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Georgios Birmpilis ◽  
Reza Ahmadi-Naghadeh ◽  
Jelke Dijkstra
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Colloidal Systems ◽  
Characteristic Distance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydrophobic Coating ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ray Scattering

X-ray scattering is a promising non-invasive technique to study evolving nano- and micromechanics in clays. This study discusses the experimental considerations and a successful method to enable X-ray scattering to study clay samples at two extreme stages of consolidation. It is shown that the proposed sample environment comprising flat capillaries with a hydrophobic coating can be used for a wide range of voids ratios ranging from a clay suspension to consolidated clay samples, that are cut from larger specimens of reconstituted or natural clay. The initial X-ray scattering results using a laboratory instrument indicate that valuable information on, in principal evolving, clay fabric can be measured. Features such as characteristic distance between structural units and particle orientations are obtained for a slurry and a consolidated sample of kaolinite. Combined with other promising measurement techniques from Materials Science the proposed method will help advance the contemporary understanding on the behaviour of dense colloidal systems of clay, as it does not require detrimental sample preparation

Zeolates: A Coordination Chemistry View of Metal-Ligand Bonding in Intrazeolite MOCVD Type Precursors and Semiconductor Nanoclusters

1992 ◽  
Vol 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey A. Ozin ◽  
Carol L. Bowes ◽  
Mark R. Steele
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Zeolite Y ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Shape Selective

ABSTRACTVarious MOCVD (metal-organic chemical vapour deposition) type precursors and their self-assembled semiconductor nanocluster products [1] have been investigated in zeolite Y hosts. From analysis of in situ observations (FTIR, UV-vis reflectance, Mössbauer, MAS-NMR) of the reaction sequences and structural features of the precursors and products (EXAFS and Rietveld refinement of powder XRD data) the zeolite is viewed as providing a macrospheroidal, multidendate coordination environment towards encapsulated guests. By thinking about the α- and β-cages of the zeolite Y host effectively as a zeolate ligand composed of interconnected aluminosilicate “crown ether-like” building blocks, the materials chemist is able to better understand and exploit the reactivity and coordination properties of the zeolite internal surface for the anchoring and self-assembly of a wide range of encapsulated guests. This approach helps with the design of synthetic strategies for creating novel guest-host inclusion compounds having possible applications in areas of materials science such as nonlinear optics, quantum electronics, and size/shape selective catalysis.

Detector commissioning and development for PETRA-III

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (SRMS-7) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Pennicard ◽  
Heinz Graafsma ◽  
Michael Lohmann
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Silicon Detectors ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Synchrotron Light

The new synchrotron light source PETRA-III produced its first beam last year. The extremely high brilliance of PETRA-III and the large energy range of many of its beamlines make it useful for a wide range of experiments, particularly in materials science. The detectors at PETRA-III will need to meet several requirements, such as operation across a wide dynamic range, high-speed readout and good quantum efficiency even at high photon energies. PETRA-III beamlines with lower photon energies will typically be equipped with photon-counting silicon detectors for two-dimensional detection and silicon drift detectors for spectroscopy and higher-energy beamlines will use scintillators coupled to cameras or photomultiplier tubes. Longer-term developments include ‘high-Z’ semiconductors for detecting high-energy X-rays, photon-counting readout chips with smaller pixels and higher frame rates and pixellated avalanche photodiodes for time-resolved experiments.

Solid State Materials Chemistry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick M. Woodward ◽  
Pavel Karen ◽  
John S. O. Evans ◽  
Thomas Vogt
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Specific Property ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Materials Chemistry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Hands On Learning ◽  
Extended Solids ◽  
Core Concepts

This comprehensive textbook provides a modern, self-contained treatment for upper undergraduate and graduate level students. It emphasizes the links between structure, defects, bonding, and properties throughout, and provides an integrated treatment of a wide range of materials, including crystalline, amorphous, organic and nano- materials. Boxes on synthesis methods, characterization tools, and technological applications distil specific examples and support student understanding of materials and their design. The first six chapters cover the fundamentals of extended solids, while later chapters explore a specific property or class of material, building a coherent framework for students to master core concepts with confidence, and for instructors to easily tailor the coverage to fit their own single semester course. With mathematical details given only where they strengthen understanding, 400 original figures and over 330 problems for hands-on learning, this accessible textbook is ideal for courses in chemistry and materials science.

scholarly journals Obtaining Various Shapes of Machined Surface Using a Tool with a Multi-Insert Cutting Edge

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Mikolajczyk ◽  
Danil Pimenov ◽  
Catalin Pruncu ◽  
Karali Patra ◽  
Hubert Latos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Tool Set ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Milling Tools ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Positive Results

A novel design of a universal form tool is presented for machining complex planar and axisymmetric surfaces. The geometric and kinematic flexibility (GKF) of this tool type means that it can machine a wide range of profiles using a single setup. The operating principle of this multi-insert tool is its combination of single cutting edges, each of which form the individual details of the machined surface. The structure and application of both turning and milling multi-insert tools with combinations of single edges are described in the paper. Complex shapes and forms can be machined by changing the cutting-edge positions. The number of combinations of a given tool set can be determined by using the relations detailed in this study. Both turning and milling tools are utilized in a unique tool holder that clamps the inserts into position and allows their adjustment that is facilitated by special prepared analytical software to the desired object profiles. It is possible to use these tools in machining both wood and aluminum alloys. Finally, the design of the multi-insert tools for turning and milling and its functional features were experimentally verified with positive results.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Synthetic Pesticides Against Thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Okra Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Hira Mannan ◽  
Qurban Ali Nahiyoon ◽  
Jilian Li
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Agronomic Crops ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Field Efficacy ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides ◽  
Pre Treatment

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is an essential vegetable crop with good nutritional significance. Insect pests are the major threat for poor production of the okra crop. Thrips of vegetable crops are known to be serious pests on a wide range of fruit, vegetable, flower, and agronomic crops. The present field study was carried out to know the efficacy of different insecticides (acetamiprid 19% weightable water (ww), lambda 25% ww, colarphipare 32% ww, lambda 2.5% ww and abamectin 1.3% ww) against Thrips, Thrips tabaci (Lindeman) on okra crop during the year 2019, and observations against T. tabaci (Lindeman) were recorded after 24 hrs, 48 hrs, 72 hrs and 07 days of each spray in all the treatments. The pre-treatment count of thrips on okra was non-significant (P > 0.05); while the evaluated efficacy of different insecticides against thrips was significant (P < 0.01). It was noted that all the insecticides showed their highest efficacy after 7 days of spray and acetamiprid 19% weightable water (ww) was more efficient to combat the T. tabaci as compared to other pesticides that produced field efficacy of 73.92 and 74.91% against thrips after 7 days of 1st and 2nd spray respectively. Abamectin, 1.3% ww, was reasonably successful, yielding 53.81 and 56.66% field efficacy against T. tabaci (Lindeman) after 7 days of first and second spray. Also, moderately effective was colarphipare 32% ww, which developed field effectiveness of 56.41 and 61.49% against T. tabaci (Lindeman) after 7 days of first and second spray, respectively.

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