Extraction and Characterization of Natural Hydroxyapatite from Goat Bone for Biomedical Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 1010 ◽  
pp. 573-578
Author(s):  
Sarfa Azian Ismail ◽  
Hasan Zuhudi Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Shape Structure ◽  
Micron Size

Bioactive apatite, which is hydroxyapatite (HAP) with the chemical formula of Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 have been extensively investigated for biomedical applications in bone and teeth implants due to its biocompatibility characteristics has similar physical-chemical characteristics with human bone. The issues to be highlighted here is to explore the potential of using food waste from goat bone to produce useful natural HAP. This study is to extract natural HAP powder from goat bone waste. The extraction process involved cleaning and boiling process, drying process, crushing, grinding and milling to obtain micron size powder of goat bone and joint. The sample then underwent a calcination process with 900°C, 1000°C, and 1100°C for goat bone and 900°C for goat joint with 3 hours holding time. The characteristic of produced HAP powder was characterised with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The in vitro testing of HAP completed by using Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) and SEM to observe the microstructure of apatite formation. The XRD and EDS results show the HAP crystallinity and Ca/P ratio increase with the increasing of calcination temperature for bone. The bone-like apatite formation appeared in the goat bone and joint sample with calcination temperature 900°C, 1000°C, and 1100°C. The optimum hydroxyapatite is from goat bone sample with calcination temperature 1100°C due to the apatite growth fully cover the surface of the sample with a needle shape structure of the cauliflower structure.

scholarly journals Morphology andIn VitroBehavior of Electrospun Fibrous Poly(D,L-lactic acid) for Biomedical Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiro Inami ◽  
Yasuhiro Tanimoto ◽  
Masayuki Ueda ◽  
Yo Shibata ◽  
Satoshi Hirayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solution Flow

This work describes the fabrication, optimization, and characterization of electrospun fibrous poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) for biomedical applications. The influences of the polymer concentration of the electrospinning solution (5, 10, or 15 wt%) and the solution flow rate (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mL/h) on the morphology of the obtained fibrous PDLLA were evaluated. Thein vitrobiocompatibility of two types of PDLLA, ester terminated PDLLA (PDLLA-R) and carboxyl terminated PDLLA (PDLLA-COOH), was evaluated by monitoring apatite formation on samples immersed in Hanks’ balanced salt (HBS) solution. 15 wt% polymer solution was the most beneficial for preparing a fibrous PDLLA structure. Meanwhile, no differences in morphology were observed for PDLLA prepared at various flow rates. Apatite precipitate is formed on both types of PDLLA only 1 day after immersion in HBS solution. After 7 days of immersion, PDLLA-COOH showed greater apatite formation ability compared with that of PDLLA-R, as measured by thin-film X-ray diffraction. The results indicated that the carboxyl group is effective for apatite precipitation in the body environment.

Preliminary Study of Alginates Extracted from Brown Algae (Sargassum sp.) Available in Madura Island as Composite Based Hydrogel Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 964 ◽  
pp. 240-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaliya Rasyida ◽  
Thalyta Rizkha Pradipta ◽  
Sigit Tri Wicaksono ◽  
Vania Mitha Pratiwi ◽  
Yeny Widya Rakhmawati
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Preliminary Study

Utilization of brown algae especially in Madura, where it’s close to Surabaya, only limited for food. This become a reference for developing and increasing the potential of this algae by extracting one of the ingredients, namely alginate. This paper deals with the characterization of sodium alginate extracted from sargassum sp. using modified-purified calcium routes. The extracted sodium alginate will be further used as composite hydrogel materials and compared with commercial sodium alginate. Hereafter, the synthesized composite is expected to be bio-ink for 3d printer. Chemical composition analysis were analyzed using X-Ray Fluorosense (XRF) followed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis to identify the functional group of composite and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, viscosity bath is performed to compare the viscosity of extracted and commercial one. The result shows that modified-purified calcium routes in the extraction process of sodium alginate is desirable for improving their properties. Interestingly enough, with the goal of using it as bio-ink in 3d printed fabrication, the synthesized composite shows viscosity, 300 cSt, which meets the criteria for bio-ink in 3d printer.

Study and Characterization of Powders Nanocomposites Calcium Phosphate/Silica-Gel (SiO2n) Obtained from Attrition Milling: For Biomedical Applications

2008 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 615-618
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Brandão ◽  
Fernando Pupio ◽  
Nelson Heriberto A. Camargo ◽  
E. Gemelli
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Attrition Milling ◽  
Bone Calcium

The bioceramics nanostructured have made important characteristics in biomedical applications, especially the calcium phosphate ceramics. The aim of this work is synthesis and characterization of calcium phosphate and nanocomposites powders, the method of dissolution of CaO in liquid medium, precipitation and formation of bone calcium phosphate matrix, and nanocomposites by adding the solution of phosphoric acid (H3PO4). The nanocomposites powders were synthesized using as strengthening silica gel nanometer (20nm) at concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3% and 5% by volume and subjected to heat treatment to 900°C for 2 hours, seeking obtained HA (Hydroxyapatite). Later the bone matrix of calcium phosphate and nanocomposites powders were subjected from process attrition milling for 2 hours, by way of comparison. The studies characterizations were conducted through the technique of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dilatometric test.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISASI ABU KAYU MERBAU (Intsia, spp.): PENGARUH TEMPERATUR DAN LAMA KALSINASI

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Darma Santi ◽  
Jacson Victor Morin
Keyword(s):  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Rhombohedral Structure ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Cubic Structure

Characterization of merbau wood ash (Intsia, spp.) due to the influence of temperature and time of calcination has been studied. The variations in calcination temperature were 500 ᴼC (as M500) and 600 ᴼC (as M600), while the variations in the duration of calcination were 1, 2, and 3 hours, noted as M1, M2, and M3, respectively. Characterization was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and spectroscopic analysis using FT-IR. XRD results identified the presence of CaCO3 species (rhombohedral structure) and K2Si4O9 species with a hexagonal structure on M500. The M600 species identified Si (cubic structure), SiO2 (cubic structure), K2Si4O9 (hexagonal structure), and CaCO3 (rhombohedral structure). In general, the calcination temperature increases the crystallinity of several compounds contained in merbau wood ash. The length of time calcination reduces the absorption peak due to the decomposition and adsorption reactions of the presence of water molecules bound to the ash material of merbau wood (Intsia, spp).

In vitro Characterization of Microspheres Containing Chemically Cross- Linked Gummy Exudates of Cochlospermum religiosum

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-228
Author(s):  
Vipin Kumar Sharma ◽  
Bhaskar Mazumder ◽  
Vinod Nautiyal ◽  
Prince Prashant Sharma ◽  
Yusra Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ether Linkage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Vitro Characterization ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Novel Drug

Background: The polymeric hydrocolloids of natural origin such as gums and mucilages have their own significance in food and pharmaceutical industries due to safety, cost, biodegradability, biocompatibility, etc. Objective: This study includes the assessment of feasibility of gummy exudates of Cochlospermum religiosum for development of microspheres through emulsification technique. Methods: The effects of exudates concentration, glutaraldehyde amount and process temperature were analyzed on particle-size and swelling dynamics of developed microspheres. The formulations were also characterized by thermal decomposition and powder X-ray diffraction technique to assess the effect of crosslinking. Results: The photomicrographs of preparations revealed the formation of microspheres with smooth, spherical and free-flowing nature. The swelling dynamics followed Fick’s diffusion mechanism for swelling media. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed the formation of ether-linkage after crosslinking of exudates by glutaraldehyde. The thermogravimetric curves disclosed the formation of strong bonds during crosslinking. Conclusion: The ease of gummy exudates of Cochlospermum religiosum for microspheres formation ascribed the potential of these formulations to incorporate therapeutic agent(s) to be applied as novel drug-carriers.

IN VITRO OSTEO-INDUCTIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF NANO-GRADE PEARL POWDERS

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Mei-Ju Hou ◽  
Chi-Jen Shih
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Hydroxyl Apatite ◽  
Inductive Behavior

The main objective of this study is to characterize the in vitro osteo inductive behavior of pearl nano crystallites. The results obtained from X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and inductively coupled plasma mass (ICP-MS) analysis demonstrate that the pearls can induce the formation of a hydroxyl apatite (HA) layer on their surface in simulated body fluid (SBF), even after only short soaking periods. Further, MC3T3-E1 cells can easily attach and spread on the pearl powders after 1 h of cultivation.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of spinel nickel ferrite nanowhiskers and their biomedical applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajar Q. Alijani ◽  
Siavash Iravani ◽  
Shahram Pourseyedi ◽  
Masoud Torkzadeh-Mahani ◽  
Mahmood Barani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nickel Ferrite ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Green Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Low Toxicity

AbstractGreener methods for the synthesis of various nanostructures with well-organized characteristics and biomedical applicability have demonstrated several advantages, including simplicity, low toxicity, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness. Spinel nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nanowhiskers with rod-like structures were synthesized using a simple and green method; these nanostructures were evaluated by X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray energy diffraction spectroscopy. Additionally, the prepared nanowhiskers could significantly reduce the survival of Leishmania major promastigotes, at a concentration of 500 μg/mL; the survival of promastigotes was reduced to ≃ 26%. According to the results obtained from MTT test (in vitro), it can be proposed that further studies should be conducted to evaluate anti-leishmaniasis activity of these types of nanowhiskers in animal models.

Characterization of polyherbal-incorporated polycaprolactone nanofibrous mat for biomedical applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 401-411
Author(s):  
Rajalakshmi Ramamoorthy ◽  
Muthumanickkam Andiappan ◽  
Murugesan Muthalagu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Drug Release Rate ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The polyherbal-loaded polycaprolactone nanofibrous mat was prepared by electrospinning technique, and physical and chemical characteristics of nanofibrous mats were studied using scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analyzer, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The presence of various phytochemicals in the crude monoherbal and polyherbal extracts was analyzed. The antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility of the polyherbal-loaded nanofibrous mats were studied. The drug release pattern of the polyherbal-loaded nanofibrous mats was studied at different time intervals. The 5% drug-loaded nanofibrous mat shows higher sustainable drug release rate than 1% and 3% drug-loaded nanofibrous mats. The cell viability was found to be 98.91%, 98.77%, 98.5%, and 98.22% for polycaprolactone and 1%, 3%, and 5% for polyherbal-loaded nanofibrous mats, respectively.

Apatite Growth on Bioactive Glass in Artificial Saliva

2000 ◽  
Vol 662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Efflandt ◽  
Robert F. Cook ◽  
Lorraine F. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
Surface Changes

AbstractBioactive glass disks from the MgO-CaO-P2O5-SiO2 system were placed in artificial saliva for time periods varying from 1 to 42 days. Surfaces were then analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction to investigate surface morphologies and crystallinity. SEM examination exhibited dramatic surface changes as early as 2 d. X-ray results showed crystallinity in the form of apatite at 10 d, which became more developed though 42 d. The bioactive glass in water and non-bioactive glass in artificial saliva were used as controls; both exhibited no evidence of apatite formation on their surfaces through the 42 d time period. This study shows that bioactive glass reacts in artificial saliva to form apatite and that the apatite layer becomes better crystallized over an extended time period. These results give a better understanding of the surface changes and mineralization that occur over time and can be used to interpret results from in vitro and in vivo studies done on bioactive glass in the oral environment.

Characterization of Electrophoretically Deposited Chitosan Coatings on Ti13Zr13Nb Alloy for Biomedical Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 203-204 ◽  
pp. 212-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bożena Łosiewicz ◽  
Grzegorz Dercz ◽  
Magdalena Szklarska ◽  
Wojciech Simka ◽  
Marta Łężniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Bioactive Coatings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Deposition Conditions

The chitosan (CH) coatings on a Ti13Zr13Nb alloy substrate were obtained by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The EPD yield was investigated under different deposition conditions. The microstructure of the CH coatings obtained by cataphoresis was studied by scanning electron microscopy and the chemical composition was examined using EDAX. The functional groups and formed phases were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. It was found that the CH coating thickness and porosity can be controlled by time and voltage used for the EPD process. It was ascertained that the studied EPD of the natural biopolymer, chitosan, in aqueous solution is applicable for the surface modification of the Ti13Zr13Nb implants to develop novel bioactive coatings.

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