Reproducing the Shilla Dynasty’s Direct-Bonding Granulation Process

2008 ◽  
Vol 580-582 ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Oh Sung Song ◽  
Jong Ryul Kim ◽  
Myung Ro Kim
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Finite Element Method Simulation ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Granulation Process ◽  
Toughness Index ◽  
Bonding Ratio ◽  
Metal Craft ◽  
Bonding Method ◽  
Spot Welder

Granulation is a precious metal craft process method that decorates a metal surface using tiny metal granules. It was imported into Korea during the Shilla Dynasty around 1500 years ago, and many granulation ornaments have been found with the process’s unique bonding features. The granules show a direct bonded interface with a neck. The key technology of making granules and bonding the granules is not well known. Thus, it is a technology of the Lost World. Although the exact bonding method is unidentifiable, it is known that the traditional method of preparing gold granules was time consuming and costly. Therefore, we proposed a process to reproduce the Shilla’s granulation ornament using a modern method. First, we employed atomization to produce 22K gold granules. Direct bonding was accomplished using a spot welder and vacuum jig instead of using the traditional method of graphite bed melting and direct annealing. 0.8 mm granules were successfully fabricated and bonded directly to the substrate with a necking and 35% bonding ratio, which is very similar to Shilla’s granule bonding. Moreover, to estimate the bond strength, K factors (fracture toughness index) at different bonding ratios were evaluated using a finite element method simulation. Our proposed direct bonded granule process and design were expected to have enough bond strength to be used as a key element for fine modern jewelry.

IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF PROCESSING TURBINE ENGINE PARTS THROUGH THE USE OF ELBOROVYH GRINDING WHEELS IN ELECTROPLATED BOND

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
V. F. Bezjazychnyi ◽  
D. S. Golovanov ◽  
V. M. Coiro
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Geometric Shapes ◽  
Small Width ◽  
Machine Elements

The article deals with the modern method of high-performance processing of grooves of small width on the details of turbine engine. The sequence of the machining of difficult to machine elements surfaces on modern multi-axis equipment using elborovyh grinding wheels in electroplated bond complex geometric shapes. Given the benefits of the treatment grinding wheels in electroplated bond, compared with the traditional method of processing the same parts of the blade means.

scholarly journals Characterization of a bonding method for titanium-glass sealing

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Winkler ◽  
Jan Edelmann ◽  
Andreas Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Medical Implants ◽  
Good Adherence ◽  
Low Leakage ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Bonding Method ◽  
Tensile Bond Strengths

AbstractApplications for smart medical implants require hermetic and mechanically strong seals between functional and biocompatible materials. Hermetic seals between titanium Ti6Al4V and silica-based glass can be produced using a novel bonding method based on glass pressing at temperatures around the softening point. This paper presents investigation results for the tensile bond strength and the gas leak rate depending on the manufacturing process parameters. Notably, when using blasted surfaces, the tensile bond strengths reached 12 MPa and good adherence with very low leakage due to the removed oxide layer and surface structure. The interface is analyzed and characterized by applying SEM methods related to the different adhesion mechanisms.

Assessing the Determinants and Clues-to-Actions Influencing the Uptake of Modern Contraceptives Among Women of Reproductive Age 15-49 years in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-561
Author(s):  
James Allen Otunomeruke ◽  
Juliana Sunday
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Modern Contraceptives

The contraceptive prevalence rate for any family planning method among currently married women in Federal Capital Territory (FCT) is 23.9%; use of any modern method (20.3%) among currently married women, use of any traditional method (3.6%), not currently using any method (76.1%), and total fertility rate is 4.3 per woman (NDHS 2018). The study aimed at assessing the determinants and clues-to-action influencing the uptake of contraceptives among women of childbearing age (15-49) years. A cross-sectional household survey was conducted from February 20-March 15, 2019 in FCT, Abuja. A multi-stage sampling method was used to recruit 360 women, out of which 348 were successfully interviewed by trained interviewers yielding a response rate of 96.7%. SPSS version 20.0 was used for analysis. Findings revealed that 94.4% of women were aware of family planning services, 24.4% reported of ever used any family planning methods, 20.6% used any modern method, and 3.8% using any traditional method. Major reasons for discontinuation of modern contraceptives indicated were: became pregnant while using contraceptives (33.8%), desire to become pregnant (31.8%), delay in conception (30.9%), health concerns (24.3%), fear of having disable babies (22.1%) and side effects (13.8%). Applying Health Beliefs model the clues-to-action for uptake of contraceptives were: quality-of-care, women’s satisfaction of products, beliefs/attitude, side effects and health concerns. Review demand creation strategies to include community health - and religious leaders as change agents, invest more in education. pharmaceutical companies to review products side effects, aggressive marketing, harmonization of stakeholders’ effort to reduce duplication, and entrench central database.

Effectiveness of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for Digital Slope Mapping

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-136
Author(s):  
MOHD FAKHRURRAZI ISHAK ◽  
M.F. ZOLKEPLI ◽  
NURMUNIRA MUHAMMAD
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Normal Mapping ◽  
Digital Orthophoto ◽  
Area And Volume

This paper discusses the applications of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for slope mapping and its important parameters including perimeter, area and volume of certain selected areas. Modern UAV able to take high quality image which essential for the effectiveness and nature of normal mapping output such as Digital Surface Model (DSM) and Digital Orthophoto. This photo captured by UAV will later transfer to commercial software to generate full map of study area. Three locations in Kuantan Pahang are chosen (Sungai Lembing, Politeknik Sultan Ahmad Shah ‘POLISAS’ and Pahang Matriculation College) for slope mapping. With the help of established software, the measurement (perimeter, area and volume) of selected study areas can be determined easily and considered as the main interest in this study. In addition, another outcome of this study is, this modern method of mapping will be compare to traditional method of mapping which proven to be more effective in term of low costing, low time consuming, can gather huge amount of data within short period of time, low man power needed and almost no potential risk of hazardous effect to man. In conclusion, modern technology of UAV proves to be very effective for mapping in geotechnical engineering. Slope mapping help researchers and engineers to obtain slope measurement within short period of time compare to previous traditional method.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness analysis of tank and base foundation diagnostics without paintwork removal

2019 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 07005
Author(s):  
Petr Chepur ◽  
Aleksandr Tarasenko ◽  
Vadim Krivorotov ◽  
Evgeniy Tikhanov ◽  
Alesya Gruchenkova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Technological Method ◽  
Steel Tank ◽  
Steel Tanks ◽  
Cylindrical Steel Tanks

The article describes the particular qualities of application of a cylindrical steel tanks' and base foundation technical inspection method without removal of a protective covering. The model is formed and the basic parameters of an estimation of economic efficiency of carrying out of diagnostics are determined. The economic efficiency of application of the modern method of vertical steel tank examination is estimated. The high economic efficiency of the new technological method is substantiated in comparison with the traditional method. It is established that the advantage of using the innovative diagnostic method in comparison with the traditional method is fully manifested when it is necessary to maintain a large fleet of tanks. It is calculated that, given the design parameters, the savings in the use of the method proposed by the authors in the long term are 1773.2 million rubles compared with traditional. The use of a new technological method - the technology of diagnosing vertical steel tanks without removing the protective coating, allows to reduce the total cost of conducting diagnostics with a discount of 8.7 times. Dependences were obtained of the discounted volume of expenses on acquisition of the equipment and the subsequent diagnostics of vertical steel tanks on the operation time of the vertical steel tanks.

scholarly journals Influence of Previous Provisional Cementation on the Bond Strength Between Two Definitive Resin-based Luting and Dentin Bonding Agents and Human Dentin

10.2341/06-27 ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Erkut ◽  
H. C. Küçükesmen ◽  
N. Eminkahyagil ◽  
P. Imirzalioglu ◽  
E. Karabulut
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Dentin Bonding ◽  
Dentin Bonding Agents ◽  
Luting Agent ◽  
Human Dentin ◽  
Bonding Method

Clinical Relevance Based on in vitro results in extracted teeth, the dual bonding method used was effective in restoring the shear bond strength values that decreased after applying provisional luting agent regardless of the composition of the provisional luting agent (eugenol-based or eugenol-free) used.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Determinants of Using Withdrawal to Avoid Pregnancy in Tabriz, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-227
Author(s):  
Hajiieh Bibi Razeghi Nasrabad ◽  
Malihe Alimondegari ◽  
Zeinab Mohseni Nejhad
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression

Objectives: Despite the increasing knowledge about family planning and modern contraceptive methods, as well as high failure rates of the traditional method, a significant percentage of couples use withdrawal for contraception. Accordingly, the present study mainly aimed to investigate the determinants of using withdrawal to avoid pregnancy in Tabriz. Materials and Methods: The sample of the study included 383 married women aged 15-49 years. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to determine factors associated with using withdrawal as a contraceptive method. Results: Based on the results, about 19.5% of the women were relying on withdrawal. In addition, 55% reported that they were currently using a modern method to avoid pregnancy while the remaining 25.5% used no method in order to prevent contraception. The results of multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that university-educated couples with no child who were within the age range of 15-24 and born in urban areas were more likely to use withdrawal rather than modern contraceptive methods (P<0.05). Conclusions: In general, the rate of employing the traditional method in Iran and, especially in Tabriz is increasing. Regarding higher proportion of withdrawal use among higher educated women due to the fear of side effects resulted from other methods, family planning providers and reproductive health services should be sensitive to the women’s concern and provide programs to decrease the unmet need of family planning.

scholarly journals Socio-economic consequences of technical change in palm fruit processing in Osun State, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-325
Author(s):  
T Alimi ◽  
AS Bamire ◽  
AB Ayanwale
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Technical Change ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Fruit Processing

The traditional palm fruit processing method is basically manual, but is currently undergoing changes. This study identifies the stages that have been mechanised in traditional processing methods and the socio-economic implications of the technical change to assist decision-making on the superiority or otherwise of the mechanised (modern) method over the traditional method used by processors in Osun State of Nigeria. Primary data were collected during the 2004 production season with the aid of a structured questionnaire on the production resources and outputs of the two methods. These were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, budgetary technique dominance and sensitivity analyses, and attitudinal measure. Results indicate that only two (pounding to form paste and cracking) of the stages identified in the traditional method were mechanised in the modern method. This resulted in greater efficiency of palm oil extraction, higher labour productivity, more income to stakeholders, greater market orientation, increased volume of operation and unchanged product types and quality. Other consequences are the creation of one additional group of stakeholders (machine owners), dominance, resilience to adverse yield and machine charges by 27 per cent and 150 per cent, respectively; more favourable attitude, less drudgery and health hazards, less labour requirements (female) and lower processing time in the modern method than the traditional method. This made the modern method a better choice, which could boost palm oil production at the aggregate level.

Research on the Interface Bonding Conditions of Bimetallic Rolls Manufactured by Liquid-Solid Bonding Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 472-475 ◽  
pp. 1233-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Ming Li ◽  
Zhou Hua Jiang ◽  
Gao Song Yi ◽  
Hao Feng ◽  
Xin Geng
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Interface Bonding ◽  
Pouring Temperature ◽  
Organize Structure ◽  
Pretreatment Method ◽  
Preheating Temperature ◽  
Line Scanning ◽  
Bonding Method ◽  
Stress Experiment

Bimetallic rolls’ interfaces manufactured by liquid-solid bonding method have been studied in the manuscript. Effect of pretreatment method of roll core, pouring temperature and preheating temperature of core to the bonding of interfaces are analyzed. Line scanning to the element chromium is done with SEM, the effect of technology to the organize structure and element diffusion is researched; Shear stress experiment of interface is done to analyze the effect of technology to bond strength.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document