Technological Aspects Concerning the Production Procedures of UO2-Gd2O3 Nuclear Fuel

2008 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 673-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelangelo Durazzo ◽  
Humberto Gracher Riella
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Pore Formation ◽  
Kirkendall Effect ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Final Density ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Direct Incorporation

The direct incorporation of Gd2O3 powder into UO2 powder by dry mechanical blending is the most attractive process for producing UO2-Gd2O3 nuclear fuel. However, previous experimental results by our group indicated that pore formation due to the Kirkendall effect delays densification and, consequently, diminishes the final density of this type of nuclear fuel. Considering this mechanism as responsible for the poor sintering behavior of UO2-Gd2O3 fuel prepared by the mechanical blending method, it was possible to propose, discuss and, in certain cases, preliminarily test feasible adjustments in fabrication procedures that would minimize, or even totally compensate, the negative effects of pore formation due to the Kirkendall effect. This work presents these considerations.

scholarly journals Acute Financial Hardship and Voter Turnout: Theory and Evidence from the Sequence of Bank Working Days

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
MAX SCHAUB
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Financial Hardship ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
Definitive Answer ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Using Data

How does poverty influence political participation? This question has interested political scientists since the early days of the discipline, but providing a definitive answer has proved difficult. This article focuses on one central aspect of poverty—the experience of acute financial hardship, lasting a few days at a time. Drawing on classic models of political engagement and novel theoretical insights, I argue that by inducing stress, social isolation, and feelings of alienation, acute financial hardship has immediate negative effects on political participation. Inference relies on a natural experiment afforded by the sequence of bank working days that causes short-term financial difficulties for the poor. Using data from three million individuals, personal interviews, and 1,100 elections in Germany, I demonstrate that acute financial hardship reduces both turnout intentions and actual turnout. The results imply that the financial status of the poor on election day can have important consequences for their political representation.

scholarly journals Nucleosome Positioning with Set of Key Positions and Nucleosome Affinity

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Wang ◽  
Shuai Liu ◽  
Weina Fu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Nucleosome Positioning ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Sequence Structure ◽  
Precise Positioning ◽  
Histone Octamer

The formation and precise positioning of nucleosome in chromatin occupies a very important role in studying life process. Today, there are many researchers who discovered that the positioning where the location of a DNA sequence fragment wraps around a histone octamer in genome is not random but regular. However, the positioning is closely relevant to the concrete sequence of core DNA. So in this paper, we analyzed the relation between the affinity and sequence structure of core DNA, and extracted the set of key positions. In these positions, the nucleotide sequences probably occupy mainly action in the binding. First, we simplified and formatted the experimental data with the affinity. Then, to find the key positions in the wrapping, we used neural network to analyze the positive and negative effects of nucleosome generation for each position in core DNA sequences. However, we reached a class of weights with every position to describe this effect. Finally, based on the positions with high weights, we analyzed the reason why the chosen positions are key positions, and used these positions to construct a model for nucleosome positioning prediction. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our method.

scholarly journals A Knowledge Based Farm Protection System to Manage Crop Vandalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 2851-2853
Author(s):  
Mohini S. Lohakare
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC) has direct & indirect negative effects, as crop loss, and livestock loss in India. For crop protection many technical security systems are available thaw they are technologically feasible are not viable financially for the poor land holders working for crop production. Fault removal or maintenance of available techniques are The issues as barrier for the rural people .The proposed work is aimed to reduce the crop vandalization using less complex and cheaper protection system. Solar photovoltaic energy source supported Arduino base circuit is used in this system there for useful for off grid locations too.

scholarly journals Influence of Machine-Made Sand Performance on Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 01040
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Hou
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Rock Powder ◽  
Performance Indexes ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Working Performance ◽  
Powder Content

This paper studied the influence of various performance indexes of machine-made sand on concrete work performance and admixture adaptability. The experimental results show: The MB value of machine-made sand has obvious negative effects on concrete performance and admixtures. The rock-powder content and the fineness module have relatively little influence on the working performance of concrete. The negative effect can also be reduced by adjusting the sand ratio, but the amount of external additives has a certain influence.

Thickness-resonance waves in underlays of floating screed

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (3) ◽  
pp. 2973-2983
Author(s):  
Charlotte Crispin ◽  
Debby Wuyts ◽  
Dijckmans Arne
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Transfer Matrix ◽  
Sound Pressure Level ◽  
Transfer Matrix Method ◽  
Matrix Method ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Negative Effects

The prediction of the reduction of impact sound pressure level ΔL according to annex C of the standard ISO 12354-2 gives an acceptable estimation of the floating floor's performance for thin resilient layers. However, the performance is often largely overestimated for thick resilient layers or for resilient layers combined with thermal layers. One reason for this is that the simplified model doesn't account for the thickness resonances in the underlays which can greatly affect ΔL. This is confirmed by comparing finite element and transfer matrix method simulations with experimental results. This paper establishes the mechanisms leading to the development of these resonance waves and provides some guidelines to estimate their negative effects on the ΔL.

Pros and Cons of Integrating Non-Financial Services in Microfinance

2018 ◽  
pp. 171-199
Author(s):  
Nhung Thi Hong Vu
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Need Support ◽  
Microfinance Institution ◽  
Pros And Cons

Microfinance as argued in recent literature is not a panacea for poverty reduction as it was expected. The poor may need support from various ranges of non-financial services including business development services and social services alongside microfinance services. The main aim of this chapter is to provide policymakers and practitioners some discussions on the pros and cons of integrating non-financial services together with microfinance services. This chapter proposes a framework of both positive and negative effects of providing non-financial services on microfinance institutions and clients. A case study of offering non-financial services in a microfinance institution in Vietnam provides both quantitative and qualitative evidence of effects on the microfinance institution and its clients.

Sintering behavior of UO2–Gd2O3 fuel: Pore formation mechanism

2013 ◽  
Vol 433 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 334-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Durazzo ◽  
A.M. Saliba-Silva ◽  
E.F. Urano de Carvalho ◽  
H.G. Riella
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Pore Formation ◽  
Sintering Behavior

Influence of Temperature on the Densification and Lattice Parameters of Sialon Ceramic

2011 ◽  
Vol 335-336 ◽  
pp. 678-682
Author(s):  
Zhu Xing Tang ◽  
He Zhang ◽  
Hui Hui Tan ◽  
Xia Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Lattice Parameters ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Sialon Ceramic ◽  
Sintering Additive ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Z Value

The sintering behavior and lattice parameters of β-sialon were investigated by varying temperature, z values and the amounts of sintering additive composed of Y2O3. The experimental results indicated that the z value of β-sialon decreases with the sintering temperature increases. The sinterability of the β-sialon declined with the z values increase . As the sintering temperature rise the phenomenon of anti-densification was occurred when the amount of additive was 7wt%.

Application of Master Sintering Curve Theory to Predict and Control the Sintering of Nanocrystalline TiO2 Ceramic

2008 ◽  
Vol 368-372 ◽  
pp. 1588-1590
Author(s):  
Da Li ◽  
Shaou Chen ◽  
Wei Quan Shao ◽  
Xiao Hui Ge ◽  
Yong Cheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Temperature Function ◽  
Rutile Tio2 ◽  
Densification Curve ◽  
Final Density ◽  
Thermal Histories ◽  
Constant Heating ◽  
And Control ◽  
Temperature Time

Master sintering curve (MSC), in which the sintered density is a unique function of the integral of a temperature function over time, is insensitive to the heating path. In this paper, the densification of rutile TiO2 was continuously recorded at heating rates of 2 °C/min and 5 °C/min, respectively, by dilatometer. The MSC for rutile TiO2 was constructed for pressureless sintering using constant heating rate date based on the combined-stage sintering model. The construction and application of the MSC were described in detail for different thermal histories. The MSC can be used to predict and control the densification, final density, and microstructure evolution during the whole sintering. The final density can be predicted for an arbitrary temperature–time path. A good consistence exists between the predicted and experimental densification curve, confirming that it is possible to accurately predict and control the sintering behavior of TiO2 from the initial to final stage of sintering using MSC.

Income Inequality, Life Satisfaction, and Economic Worries

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Roth ◽  
Elisabeth Hahn ◽  
Frank M. Spinath
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
National Level ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Income Disparity ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Rich

We analyzed the effect of income inequality on Germans’ life satisfaction considering factors explaining the mechanism of this relationship. Based on data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study for the years 1984 to 2012, we found a negative relationship between national-level income disparity and average life satisfaction, meaning that people felt happier in years with lower inequality. The effect was completely mediated by economic worries, which increased with rising inequality and in turn reduced people’s satisfaction. However, people’s reaction to inequality depended on their income level: Considering the direct effect of inequality, higher income disparity was clearly detrimental only for the poor and the middle class. Moreover, we found a significant mediation through economic worries for the middle class but not for the poor. The rich showed a more complex pattern of interrelations with both, positive and negative effects of inequality when controlling for economic worries.

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