Experimental Statistics Applied to Porous Ceramics Processing

2018 ◽  
Vol 912 ◽  
pp. 230-233
Author(s):  
Déborah Caroline de Oliveira ◽  
Patrícia Neves Mendes ◽  
Lucas Marcello Godinho ◽  
Sylma Carvalho Maestrelli ◽  
Ana Gabriela Storion
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Refractory Clay ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Variance Analysis ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Ceramic Filters

Statistical techniques are particularly useful in the engineering, objecting the optimization of fabrication processes. This paper had the purpose of evaluating if the variables such as mechanical resistance, linear shrinkage, apparent porosity, density and water absorption are influenced by the amount of peat added to refractory clay, to ensure the porosity on the production of porous ceramics used as ceramic filters. In order to treat the data it was used the technique of variance analysis, with the regression analysis and the Scott-Knott test. According to the variance analysis, there were some differences between the treatments for all properties analyzed and, by the regression analysis, optimum peat levels were found for all properties analyzed, for some properties these levels were considered inadequate for being superior to the limit stablished.

scholarly journals Performance of Dioscorea rotundata Peel as an Environmental Waste Additive in Enhancing the Insulating Properties of a Local Clay Mineral

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
K.G. Akpomie ◽  
C.C. Ezeofor ◽  
O.L. Alum ◽  
U.A. Augustine ◽  
F.N. Ibeanu
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
Local Clay ◽  
Insulating Properties

The effect of Dioscorea rotundata peel environmental waste as an insulating additive for local clay was studied. The potential of a low cost indigenous clay mineral obtained from Akpugu-Ezedike in Nigeria for industrial application was also evaluated. The clay was characterized by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Prepared slurry mixture of the clay and peels were shaped, dried and fired. The chemical composition of the clay was determined by classical methods. Physical properties such as linear shrinkage, total shrinkage, modulus of rupture, apparent density, bulk density, apparent porosity,s welling index and water absorption, modulus of plasticity and refractoriness of the fired samples were determined. The clay was found to have a refractoriness of 12000C. SEM analysis revealed an increase in porosity of the fired clay bodies with increase in dosage of Dioscorea rotundata added. This result was corroborated by the high apparent porosity 49.67 – 60.02% and water absorption recorded 30.92 – 48.44% for the mixed fired samples. The result of this study clearly indicated the potential of Dioscorea rotundata peel as additive in enhancing insulating properties of fired clay as well as the usefulness of the local clay mineral for industrial purposes.

Effect of the Incorporation of Marble Waste in the Properties of Clay Ceramic Bricks

2020 ◽  
Vol 1012 ◽  
pp. 250-255
Author(s):  
Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra ◽  
Fabio da Costa Garcia Filho ◽  
Artur Camposo Pereira ◽  
Sergio Neves Monteiro ◽  
M.T. Marvila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Ceramic Body ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Ornamental Stones ◽  
Marble Waste ◽  
Marble Industry

Residues incorporation into construction building materials is a promising sustainable alternative for the correct disposal of this kind of material. Brazil is one of the largest world producers of ornamental stones. Nevertheless, the disposal of these residues usually is made outside the industry, which contributes to environmental pollution. This work aimed to evaluate the incorporation of residues from the marble industry into ceramic bricks. Specimens of clay ceramic containing 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt.% of marble residue were prepared and fired at 900oC. The evaluation of the ceramic bricks added with marble residue was based on linear shrinkage, water absorption and mechanical resistance. These properties were compared with Brazilian standards. It was concluded that the incorporation of marble residues, with up to 20 wt%, into the ceramic body is technically feasible and positively influences the properties of the material.

Effect of Titanium Dioxide Manufacturing Waste in Mechanical Properties of Red Ceramics

2015 ◽  
Vol 1120-1121 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Daniel Véras Ribeiro ◽  
S.C. Figueiredo ◽  
Alexandre T. Machado ◽  
F.R. Valenzuela Diaz ◽  
C.A.C. Souza
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Vacuum Filter ◽  
Rotary Vacuum ◽  
Filter Mud ◽  
Red Ceramics

Rotary-vacuum-filter mud (RVFM) is waste generated during the manufacturing process of titanium dioxide. In this work, RVFM and ceramic bricks containing different ratios of this waste are investigated. The mud samples were characterized using thermal analysis (TG/DTG). The aim of the present work was to determine the effect of adding RVFM on the ceramic properties of clay, such as apparent porosity, water absorption, linear shrinkage and flexural strength, used to produce blocks and tiles. Samples were dried out at 110°C and fired at 800°C, 950°C and 1100°C. The addition of RVFM tends to increase the apparent porosity and water absorption and to decrease the flexural strength of the ceramic specimens. Based on the results, ceramic specimens with 20% RVFM content burned at 800°C can not be used as bricks, and ceramic specimens with 20% RVFM content fired at 800°C and 950°C can not be used as tiles, according to Brazilian standards.

The Use of Granite and Kaolin Residues as Raw Materials to Obtain Ceramic Tile

2006 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 432-437
Author(s):  
M.A.F. Ramalho ◽  
R.R. Almeida ◽  
Lisiane Navarro de Lima Santana ◽  
Hélio Lucena Lira ◽  
H.C. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Roof Tile

Recycling of residues from different industrial process as new raw materials has been studied by several institutions to be applied in the production of ceramic bricks, roof tile. The aim of this work is to study the potentiality of the residues from granite and kaolin industries as raw materials to obtain ceramic tile. The raw materials were fired at temperatures of 1100oC, 1120oC and 1150oC. After fired the specimens were submitted to a physical and mechanical tests, such as, linear shrinkage, mechanical resistance, water absorption and apparent density. The results show that the residues can be used in the composition of the paste to produce ceramic tiles.

Ceramic tiles based on central Tunisian clays (Sidi Khalif formation)

Clay Minerals ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Medhioub ◽  
W. Hajjaji ◽  
M. Hachani ◽  
A. Lopez-Galindo ◽  
F. Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
High Water ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
The North ◽  
High Water Absorption

AbstractThis study aims to find alternatives to some overexploited deposits in the north of Tunisia. The clays of the Sidi Khalif formation, of Uppermost Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous age, seem suitable to support this strategy, due to their abundance. In terms of mineralogy, they can be divided into two distinct groups, related to their palaeogeographic and eustatic contexts. The clays of the Sidi Khalif formation from Jebel Houareb (JH) and Jebel Meloussi (JM) are richer in clay minerals, while those of Jebel Rhouis (JR) and Jebel Boudinar (JB) zones are dolomite-rich. The compositional differences between the two groups influenced their technological behaviour in production of ceramic tiles. Upon firing, forsterite and gehlenite crystallized in the carbonate-rich JR and JB clays, whereas mullite formed in the JH and JM clays. Concerning their ceramic properties, the tiles made from JR or JB clays showed low bending strength and high water absorption. For JH and JM, the tiles had slightly greater mechanical resistance, but exhibited considerable linear shrinkage. These defects were partially corrected by introducing new formulations based on the same clays and by altering the firing cycles (HM1, HM2, RB1 and RB2). With these modifications, “Porcelanico” and “Monoporosa” technologically conforming tiles were obtained from HM2 and RB2 formulations, respectively.

scholarly journals Optimisation of the Physical Properties of Rice Husk Ash in Ceramic Materials Using the Response Surface Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Asotah Wisdom ◽  
Udochukwu Mark ◽  
Elakhame Zeberu ◽  
Abraham Adeleke
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Apparent Porosity

Optimisation of the physical properties of rice husk ash (RHA) in ceramic materials was carried out using Response Surface Methodology. The independent variables, namely the firing temperature and residue content, were statistically combined in a Central Composite Design with the effects on water absorption, linear shrinkage, bulk density, apparent porosity and apparent specific gravity determined. Physical and microstructural analyses were carried out to obtain information on the processes that occurred within the ceramic materials. The results obtained were analysed to determine the optimum physical properties of the ceramic materials within the range investigated. The residue content had a significant influence (at 95% confidence level) on the bulk density, water absorption, apparent porosity and apparent specific gravity but not on the linear shrinkage. The firing temperature had a more significant effect on the linear shrinkage than on the residue content, so that when elevated it contributed to an increase in linear shrinkage. The optimum residue content and firing temperature to enhance physical properties within the range investigated were 5.85% RHA and 1029.64°celsius, respectively. These optimal conditions are expected to produce a ceramic material with a bulk density, linear shrinkage, apparent porosity, water absorption and apparent specific gravity of 1.64 g/cm3, 0.29%, 0.29 g/cm3, 18.26% and 2.11, respectively with a composite desirability of 100%.

scholarly journals Possibility to use waste tire waste in the composition of mixtures for the manufacture of cement blocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e69996773
Author(s):  
Maria Gabriela Araujo Ranieri ◽  
Maria Auxiliadora de Barros Martins ◽  
Patrícia Capellato ◽  
Mirian de Lourdes Noronha Motta Melo ◽  
Adilson da Silva Mello
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Structural Function ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Waste Tires ◽  
Made In

The modern lifestyle has led to an increase in the amount of solid waste in the world, and waste tires are one of the most generated. Annually billions of tons of waste tires are produced, so in this study, we sought to reuse them to make materials for civil construction. For this, a laboratory research was carried out where samples were made in 50 x 100 mm cylinders with traces of 0, 10, 15 and 20% (by weight) of waste, in addition to cement, natural sand and water. The granulometric distribution of waste tires and sand was also carried out. And, with the samples in cylinders, the physical and mechanical properties were evaluated, such as water absorption and apparent density, in addition to the analysis of the mechanical resistance to compression and the modulus of elasticity. The results showed that the granulometric distribution of the tire residue fits as a fine aggregate, similar to the sand granulometry. The water absorption rate of the waste specimens was less than 10%. However, the mechanical resistance decreases proportionally as the amount of tire waste has increased. However, when analyzing the behavior of the stress x strain curves, the specimens containing residues, became more flexible, as they are capable of supporting loads beyond the maximum stress. In this way, the resistance and the ability to absorb energy were increased. We concluded that it is possible to incorporate certain quantities of waste tires in blocks for civil construction, but without a structural function.

scholarly journals Formation of porous ceramics using cullet and biological waste of water purification

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vlasova ◽  
I. Rosales ◽  
M. Kakazey ◽  
Parra Parra ◽  
R. Guardian
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Temperature Range

Porous ceramics (bricks) was obtained using red clay, milled fusible cullet, and biowaste in the temperature range 950-1000?C. The high content of water in biowaste eliminates the necessity of introducing water in soft mud forming of bricks. The porosity, water absorption capacity, and mechanical properties of the prepared ceramics depend on content of milled cullet and sintering temperature.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE FROM EXPANDED CLAY MODIFIED WITH TIRE RUBBER WASTE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbet Alves Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Specific Mass ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Rubber Waste

Lightweight concrete has as main characteristic its low density due to the incorporation of light materials such as expanded clay, or even the incorporation of air whose function is to reduce the density, characteristic of cellular concrete. In Aracaju city, there are companies that promote tire reconditioning, generating large amounts of waste dust. The aim of this work is to study the reuse of tire rubber waste in light concrete from expanded clay. An experimental program was developed for the analysis of these concretes, varying the percentage of 1%, 2.5% and 5% of the tire rubber waste to replace the natural fine aggregate and 100% replacing the natural coarse aggregate by expanded clay (50% of expanded clay C1506 and 50% of C2215). The materials (cement, sand, expanded clays and tire rubber waste) were characterized through tests of particle size analysis and unit mass. The hardened concrete was evaluated through mechanical tests of axial compression strength, modulus of elasticity and tensile strength by diametrical compression, physical tests of water absorption and specific mass, in addition to image analysis by scanning electron microscopy. The use of expanded clay with incorporation of 1% of tire rubber waste guaranteed better results in mechanical resistance, lower water absorption and greater specific mass than the mixtures with 2.5 and 5%, reaching values close to the reference concrete. Thus, the residue can be an alternative for reuse, avoiding disposal.

scholarly journals OPTIMUM PERFORMANCE OF STABILIZED EDE LATERITE AS AN ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Adegbenle Bukunmi O
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
High Water ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Optimum Performance ◽  
High Water Absorption

Laterite samples from Ede area with particle components of 19.7% clay, 32.8% silt and 47.5% sand was stabilized with combined cement, lime and bitumen and test for Compressive strength, Linear Shrinkage, Permeability and Water Absorption. The stabilizers were mixed with laterite soil in different ratios and percentage. The laterite carried 90% which is constant while the three stabilizers shared the remaining 10% in varying form. After 28 days of curing, laterite stabilizer with 90% of laterite, 8% of cement, 1% lime and 1% bitumen (LCLB1) possessed compressive strength of 2.01N/mm2. It Water Absorption Capacity was 3.05%. LCLB4 stabilizer (90% laterite, 6% cement, 2% lime and 2% bitumen) has the same compressive strength with LCLB1 stabilizer but with a high Water Absorption Capacity of 4.2%. The stabilizer of 90% laterite, 3.33% cement, 3.33% lime and 3.33% of bitumen (LCLB8) has the lowest compressive strength of 0.74N/mm2 and the highest Water Absorption Capacity of 5.39%. The results shows that LCLB1 stabilizer is a better stabilizer for strength and blocks made from laterite stabilized with it stand a good alternative to sand Crete blocks in building constructions. The combination of these stabilizers in order to determine a most economical volume combination for optimum performance is highly possible and economical.

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