The Use of Granite and Kaolin Residues as Raw Materials to Obtain Ceramic Tile

2006 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 432-437
Author(s):  
M.A.F. Ramalho ◽  
R.R. Almeida ◽  
Lisiane Navarro de Lima Santana ◽  
Hélio Lucena Lira ◽  
H.C. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Roof Tile

Recycling of residues from different industrial process as new raw materials has been studied by several institutions to be applied in the production of ceramic bricks, roof tile. The aim of this work is to study the potentiality of the residues from granite and kaolin industries as raw materials to obtain ceramic tile. The raw materials were fired at temperatures of 1100oC, 1120oC and 1150oC. After fired the specimens were submitted to a physical and mechanical tests, such as, linear shrinkage, mechanical resistance, water absorption and apparent density. The results show that the residues can be used in the composition of the paste to produce ceramic tiles.

Microstructural Analysis of Petroleum Waste Containing Ceramic Tile

2008 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 845-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno C.A. Pinheiro ◽  
J.N.F. Holanda
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Sintered Density ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Petroleum Waste ◽  
Materials Used

In this work is done a study on the sintered microstructure of ceramic tile paste incorporated with petroleum waste. The raw materials used were kaolin, sodic feldspar, quartz and petroleum waste. The ceramic tiles containing up to 5 wt% petroleum waste were prepared by uniaxial pressing and sintered at 1200°C. The microstructural evolution was examined by SEM. In addition, water absorption, linear shrinkage, and sintered density were determined. The results showed that the microstructure of the ceramic tiles is influenced by the added petroleum waste.

Limestone Waste Incorporation in Clayey Mass for Rustic Ceramic Tiles Manufacturing

2020 ◽  
Vol 1012 ◽  
pp. 221-226
Author(s):  
A.M.M. Santos ◽  
A.C.A. Prado ◽  
M.B.M. Matos ◽  
P.H.A. Feitosa ◽  
J.H.A. Feitosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Property Values ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Roof Tile ◽  
Firing Shrinkage

In the south of Ceará (Brazil), Cariri region, there is a production center for roof tiles and bricks. At that same region, there has been an expressive mining of laminated limestone, known as Pedra Cariri (Cariri Stone), which has produced large amounts of CaCO3-rich waste, that causes undesirable impacts to the environment. This work aimed to analyze the feasibility of producing rustic ceramic tiles, made up of clayey masses used in the region with the addition of this waste, aiming at the diversification of red ceramic products in a sustainable way. The mixtures were pressed, fired in maximum firing temperature which varies from 750° to 1150oC and had their physical-mechanical characteristics tested. The results indicated that the clayey mass is composed of kaolinite, feldspar and quartz, while montmorillonite and/or vermiculite is only found in roof tile clayey mass. The waste is mainly made of calcite. In general, the values of water absorption were compatible with porous rustic ceramic tile and the addition of Pedra Cariri waste provided lower values of firing shrinkage as well as the increase of the flexural strength. The samples of roof tile clayey mass (10% of waste at 850°C and at 1150°C) obtained physical-mechanical property values that match Brazilian technical norms to BIII type ceramic tile. Therefore, the mixture formulated with tile clayey mass and limestone waste presents potential to be utilized in the manufacture of ceramic roof tiles.

Influence of Lignite Bottom Ash on Pyroplastic Deformation of Stoneware Ceramic Tiles

2018 ◽  
Vol 766 ◽  
pp. 264-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarit Prasartseree ◽  
Thanakorn Wasanapiarnpong ◽  
Charusporn Mongkolkachit ◽  
Noppasint Jiraborvornpongsa
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Glassy Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Ceramic Tiles

Electricity generation at Mae Moh Power Plant in Lampang, Thailand, uses lignite as fuel. The output is 3.0 to 3.5 million tons of fly ash per year and 1.5 to 2.0 million tons of bottom ash per year. Fly ash is widely used in concrete application but for bottom ash, it is not very useful. When considering the phase of bottom ash containing quartz, anorthite and hematite, it was found that there are suitable chemical compositions for replacement of raw materials in ceramic tile. Generally, the stoneware tiles are composed of quartz, mullite, feldspar, and glass phase. Water absorption of stoneware ceramic tiles is below 5%, high strength, fire resistance, and low warpage. Firing or sintering at rather high temperature as 1000-1250 °C is the manufacturing process for this type of tile. The changes in crystal structure and glassy phase formation in tile texture during sintering will be often result the tile to warpage or bent. The more or less lean depends on the viscosity of the glassy phase that occurs at high temperatures in the tile if less viscosity will cause higher warping rate that effect on the shape, and quality of the workpiece. The research has reported that anorthite phase improves the viscosity of a liquid phase or glassy phase when the tile is sintering at high temperatures and lead to high density and low water absorption. This research is interested in studying the effect of using lignite bottom ash as an ingredient in ceramic tile texture to produce low water absorption type by analyzing the effect of percentage of lignite bottom ash to warpage and important properties of ceramic tiles.

scholarly journals Coffee Husk as Feldspar Substitute in the Manufacture of Enameled Ceramic Tile

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Alejandra Sarabia-Guarín ◽  
Rosa Patricia Ramírez-Delgado ◽  
Jorge Sánchez-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Coffee Husk ◽  
Firing Shrinkage

This study researches the effect of adding coffee husk (CH) and coffee husk ash (CHA) as partial feldspar substitutes to the manufacture of enameled ceramic tiles. Clays and other paste additives were characterized using XRD and XRF. The designed prototypes were pressed, dried, and fired at 1,120 °C. The physical (drying and firing shrinkage, apparent density, water absorption) and mechanical (flexion resistance) properties were evaluated and compared with standard fired specimens. Although the physical and mechanical properties of the specimens with 5 and 10 % CH and CHA make them suitable for the manufacture of BIIb ceramic tiles, it was concluded that CH and CHA under the working conditions do not replace feldspar in the preparation of enameled ceramic tiles due to surface quality defects.

Ceramic tiles based on central Tunisian clays (Sidi Khalif formation)

Clay Minerals ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Medhioub ◽  
W. Hajjaji ◽  
M. Hachani ◽  
A. Lopez-Galindo ◽  
F. Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
High Water ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
The North ◽  
High Water Absorption

AbstractThis study aims to find alternatives to some overexploited deposits in the north of Tunisia. The clays of the Sidi Khalif formation, of Uppermost Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous age, seem suitable to support this strategy, due to their abundance. In terms of mineralogy, they can be divided into two distinct groups, related to their palaeogeographic and eustatic contexts. The clays of the Sidi Khalif formation from Jebel Houareb (JH) and Jebel Meloussi (JM) are richer in clay minerals, while those of Jebel Rhouis (JR) and Jebel Boudinar (JB) zones are dolomite-rich. The compositional differences between the two groups influenced their technological behaviour in production of ceramic tiles. Upon firing, forsterite and gehlenite crystallized in the carbonate-rich JR and JB clays, whereas mullite formed in the JH and JM clays. Concerning their ceramic properties, the tiles made from JR or JB clays showed low bending strength and high water absorption. For JH and JM, the tiles had slightly greater mechanical resistance, but exhibited considerable linear shrinkage. These defects were partially corrected by introducing new formulations based on the same clays and by altering the firing cycles (HM1, HM2, RB1 and RB2). With these modifications, “Porcelanico” and “Monoporosa” technologically conforming tiles were obtained from HM2 and RB2 formulations, respectively.

Evaluation of Phyllite and Sand in the Heavy Clay Body Composition

2018 ◽  
Vol 912 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Lucas Fonseca Amaral ◽  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira ◽  
G.C.G. Delaqua ◽  
M. Nicolite
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Quartz Content ◽  
Kaolinite Clay ◽  
Three Point Bend Test

In this study the objective was to evaluate the properties affected by the incorporation of phyllite and sand as raw materials in the composition of ceramic material for the roofing tiles production with light color using kaolinite clay from Campos dos Goytacazes – RJ, Brazil as main raw material. Specimens were prepared by uniaxial pressing at 20 MPa and fired at 950oC. The determined technological properties were: dry apparent density, linear shrinkage, water absorption and mechanical strength (three point bend test). The results indicated that the incorporation of sand and phyllite improved the dry apparent density, reduced loss on ignition and aluminum oxide content of the pure clay. These factors resulted in a reduced open porosity, improving water absorption and linear shrinkage. However, the mechanical strength was compromised due to the increase of quartz content.

Prodution of Concrete Aggregates with High Strength by Using the Wastes

2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 1651-1654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Bang Wang ◽  
Zong Hui Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
High Strength ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Concrete Aggregates ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Different Content ◽  
Furnace Slag

Several series of concrete aggregates with different content of steel slag, blast furnace slag, coal gangue and fly ash were prepared. The reasonable ratio of raw materials and process parameters to prepare the aggregates were determined by measuring the water absorption, crush indicators and apparent density of the aggregates. The mineral composition and morphology of the aggregates were analyzed by XRD, SEM and EDS. The results showed the aggregate with about 30% steel slag, 50% slag, 20% gangue, and calcined at 1300°C for 90 minutes had the best performance. The water absorption of the aggregate is about 1.55% which is lower than that of the natural aggregates (about 2.2% on average). Both the crushing index (about 11.39%) and the apparent density (2672 kg/m3) of the aggregate meet the requirements of national standards.

Quality Technological Properties of Foundry Exhaust Dust as Alternative Ceramic Coating Raw Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 1088 ◽  
pp. 395-398
Author(s):  
Luiz Oliveira Veriano dalla Valentina ◽  
Marilena Valadares Folgueras ◽  
Wanessa Rejane Knop ◽  
Maria Cristina Pacheco do Nascimento ◽  
Glaucia Aparecida Prates
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Ceramic Coating ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Foundry Industry ◽  
Ceramic Manufacturing ◽  
Materials Used

The work evaluates the possibility of the use the exhauster powder generated in the foundry process in ceramic mass atomized semigre type. The raw materials used were semi-stoneware kind atomized powder used on the coating ceramic manufacturing and dust exhaust byproduct supplied by a foundry industry both from brazilian industries . Tests were conducted using a heating rate of 10o.C / min and oxidant and / or inert atmosphere. Specimens contained different amounts of byproduct to the extent of 30% by mass, in order to verify the maximum addition of byproduct and were used in order to analyze the technological properties evaluation (water absorption linear shrinkage, bulk density). at the temperature of 1100 ° C showed higher difference between the results obtained and 1200o C this difference decreased.

Incorporation of Granite Waste into Vitrified Ceramic Tiles

2006 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 467-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira ◽  
Sérgio Neves Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Cylindrical Specimen ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Uniaxial Pressure ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Tile Body ◽  
Density Linear ◽  
Scanning Electron

The incorporation of a granite waste into a vitrified ceramic tile body was investigated. The granite waste came from an industry of stone sawing operations located in the municipal area of Santo Antônio de Pádua, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The investigated compositions were elaborated substituting partially and totally the feldspar by the granite waste. Cylindrical specimen were prepared by uniaxial pressure at 30 MPa and then fired at temperatures varying from 1050 to 1200oC. Fired properties such as bulk density, linear shrinkage, water absorption and diametrical compression were determined. The microstructure of fired samples was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the replacement of feldspar by granite waste promoted a better vitrification, decreasing the open porosity and increasing the mechanical strength.

Influence of the Granite Waste into a Clayey Ceramic Body for Rustic Wall Tiles

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 1057-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Castoldi Borlini Gadioli ◽  
Mariane Costalonga de Aguiar ◽  
Abiliane de Andrade Pazeto ◽  
Sérgio Neves Monteiro ◽  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Ceramic Body ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Ceramic Production ◽  
Ornamental Stones ◽  
Error Bar ◽  
Press Molding

This work has as its objective to evaluate the influence of a granite waste into a clayey ceramic body for obtaining of rustic wall tiles. As raw materials, a clayey ceramic body for red ceramic production and a granite waste, resulting from ornamental stones cutting with the multi-wire technology were used. Compositions using 0, 10, 20 and 30% of waste incorporated into ceramic body were prepared. Specimens were fabricated by uniaxial press-molding at 20 MPa and sintered at 1050°C. The following properties were determined: linear shrinkage, water absorption and flexural rupture strength. In general, within the error bar, there was no influence of the waste in the values of water absorption of the clayey ceramic body. The results showed that all investigated formulations used in this work for the production of rustic wall tiles attend the standards for water absorption and mechanical strength.

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