Relationship between Grasshopper Abundance and Weather Conditions in Saskatchewan, 1930-1958

1960 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 619-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy L. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Precipitation ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Normal Rainfall ◽  
Insignificant Correlation

The statement of Criddle (1917) that grasshopper outbreaks are associated with periods of dry weather has been repeated by many authors, but a close relationship has never been demonstrated.Parker (1933) showed that at six localities in the United States grasshopper outbreaks during the period 1915-1933 had been preceded by periods of two to four years when either rainfall had been below normal during May-June or temperature had been above normal during July-September. Similarly Smith (1954) concluded that between 1910 and 1953 outbreaks in Kansas had been preceded by two years of sub-normal rainfall. Parker's charts show that grasshopper outbreaks generally followed periods of hot weather, but the charts of both authors show that only about half the time did outbreaks follow periods of dry weather – a situation that could be largely due to chance.MacCarthy (1956) calculated the correlation coefficients between weather factors and populations of M. bilituratus (Walker) in five large areas of Saskatchewan during the period 1943-1952. His tables show generally insignificant correlation with total precipitation and only with mean minimum monthlv temperature in June of the previous year was there significant correlation in all five areas.The present investigation was undertaken in an attempt to determine whether a sufficiently close relationship between grasshopper populations and climate could be found for use in predicting grasshopper outbreaks.

scholarly journals Clustering Pandemic COVID-19 and Relationship to Temperature and Relative Humidity Among the Tropic and Subtropic Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giarno Giarno
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
The Tropics

The outbreak of Novel Corona Virus (COVID-19) has been spreading almost in all countries of the world and become a deadly pandemic. The infections and deaths vary from high in some countries and low in others. The weather conditions significantly affect life, including viruses. In low temperature and humidity the spreading of coronavirus is expected to be fast and massive, and on the other hand, high temperature and humidity decreases the virus. However, recent data of COVID-19 shows that in tropical region infection and deaths vary of which there is a need of thorough spreading analysis. The clustering of infections and mortality at the beginning of COVID-19 outbreak was group based on the country’s profile similarity, and associated with the meteorological factors. The result shows that countries such as China, Spain, Italy and the United States have very severe attacks of COVID-19 infection. Furthermore, countries with the potential real threats of COVID-19 infections are Austria, Australia, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bahrain, Brazil, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, Czech Germany, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Algeria, Ecuador, Estonia, Egypt, Finland, France, Georgia, Croatia, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, India, Iraq, Iran, Japan, Cambodia, South Korea, Kuwait, Lebanon, Sri Lanka, Lithuania, Monaco, Macedonia, Mexico, Malaysia, Nigeria, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, New Zealand , Oman, Philippines, Pakistan, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Sweden, Singapore and Thailand. The threat of COVID-19 is not only in dry and humid sub-tropical countries, but it cannot be undermined the effect to some warm and humid tropical countries such as Brazil, Ecuador, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines, which are massively infected, and the mortality rate compared to the population are very high. The study also found that dynamic humidity is a factor that must be considered, especially in the tropics. HIGHLIGHTS The COVID-19 pandemic that originated in Wuhan, China spreads rapidly around the world Demographics and weather are thought to influence the spreading and death of COVID-19 Clustering of demographic and weather factors on COVID-19 shows that countries such as China, Spain, Italy, and the United States are experiencing severe attacks of COVID-19 infection Covid threatens countries with high population density or large populations Although warm and humid temperatures in the tropics such as Brazil, Ecuador, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines can a little slow the spreading of infection, the risk of COVID-19 infection remains high GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

scholarly journals Molecular Analysis of a Plum pox virus W Isolate in Plum Germplasm Hand Carried into the USA from the Ukraine Shows a Close Relationship to a Latvian Isolate

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vessela Mavrodieva ◽  
Delano James ◽  
Karen Williams ◽  
Sarika Negi ◽  
Aniko Varga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Sequence Identities ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

Four of 19 Prunus germplasm accessions hand carried from the Ukraine into the United States without authorization were found to be infected with Plum pox virus (PPV). Of the three isolates characterized, isolates UKR 44189 and UKR 44191 were confirmed to be isolates of PPV strain W, and UKR 44188 was confirmed to be an isolate of PPV strain D. UKR 44189 and UKR 44191 are very closely related to the PPV strain W isolate LV-145bt (HQ670748) from Latvia. Nucleotide and amino acid sequence identities between these three isolates were greater than 99%. This indicates that the isolates are very closely related and likely originated from a common source. The high genetic diversity among PPV-W strain isolates allowed the identification of potential recombination events between PPV isolates. It appears also that GF 305 peach and Prunus tomentosa are not hosts for the PPV isolate UKR 44189.

scholarly journals Population structure of Drosophila suzukii and signals of multiple invasions into the continental United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle M Lewald ◽  
Antoine Abrieux ◽  
Derek A Wilson ◽  
Yoosook Lee ◽  
William R Conner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multiple Invasions

Drosophila suzukii, or spotted-wing drosophila, is now an established pest in many parts of the world, causing significant damage to numerous fruit crop industries. Native to East Asia, D. suzukii infestations started in the United States a decade ago, occupying a wide range of climates. To better understand invasion ecology of this pest, knowledge of past migration events, population structure, and genetic diversity is needed. To improve on previous studies examining genetic structure of D. suzukii, we sequenced whole genomes of 237 individual flies collected across the continental U.S., as well as several representative sites in Europe, Brazil, and Asia, to identify hundreds of thousands of genetic markers for analysis. We analyzed these markers to detect population structure, to reconstruct migration events, and to estimate genetic diversity and differentiation within and among the continents. We observed strong population structure between West and East Coast populations in the U.S., but no evidence of any population structure North to South, suggesting there is no broad-scale adaptations occurring in response to the large differences in regional weather conditions. We also find evidence of repeated migration events from Asia into North America have provided increased levels of genetic diversity, which does not appear to be the case for Brazil or Europe. This large genomic dataset will spur future research into genomic adaptations underlying D. suzukii pest activity and development of novel control methods for this agricultural pest.

scholarly journals Invasion Pathways of Karnal Bunt of Wheat into the United States

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 999-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Marshall ◽  
Timothy T. Work ◽  
Joseph F. Cavey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
El Paso ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Karnal Bunt ◽  
Border Crossings ◽  
Tilletia Indica ◽  
Invasion Pathways ◽  
Established Disease ◽  
Made In

Karnal bunt of wheat (caused by Tilletia indica) was first detected in the United States in Arizona in 1996. The seed lots of infected, spring-habit, durum wheat associated with the initial detection were traced to planted fields in California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. However, in the summer of 1997, the disease appeared in unrelated, winter-habit, bread wheat located over 700 km from the nearest potentially contaminated wheat from 1996 (and destroyed prior to reinfection). Here, we examined potential invasion pathways of the fungus associated with the movement of wheat into the United States. We analyzed the USDA/APHIS Port Information Network (PIN) database from 1984 through 2000 to determine likely pathways of introduction based on where, when, and how the disease was intercepted coming into the United States. All interceptions were made on wheat transported from Mexico, with the majority (98.8%) being intercepted at land border crossings. Karnal bunt was not intercepted from any other country over the 17-year period analyzed. Most interceptions were on wheat found in automobiles, trucks, and railway cars. The majority of interceptions were made at Laredo, Brownsville, Eagle Pass, and El Paso, TX, and Nogales, AZ. Karnal bunt was intercepted in all 17 years; however, interceptions peaked in 1986 and 1987. Averaged over all years, more interceptions (19.2%) were made in the month of May than in any other month. Our results indicate that Karnal bunt has probably arrived in the United States on many occasions, at least since 1984. Because of the relatively unaggressive nature of the disease and its reliance on rather exacting weather conditions for infection, we surmised that it is possible this disease has a long period of latent survival between initial arrival and becoming a thriving, established disease.

The French Factor in U.S. Foreign Policy during the Nixon-Pompidou Period

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Trachtenberg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
National Security ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nixon Administration ◽  
Nuclear Area ◽  
Henry Kissinger ◽  
Sharp Turn ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The 1960S

This chapter discusses relations between France and the United States under the Nixon administration. When Nixon took office as president in early 1969, he and his national security advisor Henry Kissinger wanted to put America's relationship with France on an entirely new footing. Relations between the two countries in the 1960s, and especially from early 1963 on, had been far from ideal. Nixon and Kissinger tried to develop a close relationship with the Pompidou government and in the early Nixon–Pompidou period the two governments were on very good terms. Both governments were also interested in developing a certain relationship in the nuclear area. However, by 1973 relations between the two countries took a sharp turn for the worse. The chapter considers what went wrong and why the attempt to develop a close relationship failed.

Climate Change in Russia, Agricultural Prices and Production in the 3rd Quarter of 2020

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
O.S. Sobolev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Agricultural Prices ◽  
Sugar Market ◽  
Producer Prices ◽  
Price Analysis

The article compares producer prices for grain, milk, and meat in Russia, Europe, and the United States in the 3rd quarter of 2020. Climate and weather conditions in Russia in the 3rd quarter and their impact on the gross grain harvest are analyzed. The price analysis of the domestic and world sugar market is given.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF FOUR CLAIMS-BASED FRAILTY MEASURES IN THE UNITED STATES MEDICARE DATA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S684-S685
Author(s):  
Dae H Kim ◽  
Elisabetta Patorno ◽  
Ajinkya Pawar ◽  
Hemin Lee ◽  
Sebastian Schneeweiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medicare Data ◽  
C Statistic ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Background: There has been increasing effort to measure frailty in the United States Medicare data. The performance of claims-based frailty measures has not been compared. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 2,326 community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries who participated in the 2008 assessment of the Health and Retirement Study. The claims-based frailty measures developed by Davidoff, Faurot, Segal, and Kim were compared against clinical measures of frailty (gait speed, grip strength) using correlation coefficients and health outcomes (e.g., mortality, hospitalization, activities-of-daily-living disabilities) over 2 years using C-statistics. Results: The Davidoff, Faurot, Segal, and Kim indices were negatively correlated with gait speed (-0.19, -0.33, -0.37, and -0.37, respectively), but age and sex adjustment variably attenuated the correlation to -0.17, -0.22, -0.18, and -0.33, respectively. The corresponding correlation coefficients with grip strength were -0.17, -0.27, -0.35, and -0.24, which attenuated to -0.09, -0.14, -0.05, and -0.23 after age and sex adjustment, respectively. The models that included age, sex, and each of Davidoff, Faurot, Segal, and Kim indices showed C-statistics of 0.67, 0.71, 0.71, 0.75 for mortality (versus C-statistic for age and sex: 0.66); 0.59, 0.64, 0.63, 0.70 for hospitalization (versus C-statistic for age and sex: 0.58); and 0.64, 0.63, 0.63, 0.70 for activities-of-daily-living disabilities (versus C-statistic for age and sex: 0.61), respectively. Conclusions: The choice of a claims-based frailty measure results in a meaningful variation in the identification of frail older adults at high risk for adverse health outcomes. Claims-based frailty measures that included demographic variables offer limited risk adjustment beyond age and sex.

Cupulocrinus angustatus (Meek and Worthen, 1870), a cladid crinoid from the Upper Ordovician Maquoketa Formation of the northern midcontinent of the United States

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Brower
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The United States ◽  
Significance Tests ◽  
Upper Ordovician ◽  
Developmental Constraints ◽  
Stratigraphic Position

Cupulocrinus angustatus (Meek and Worthen, 1870) is common and widely distributed in the Maquoketa Formation of the northern midcontinent of the United States, and specimens are known from the Isotelus and Vogdesia Zones of the Elgin, the Clermont, Fort Atkinson, and Brainard Members. Cluster significance tests indicate that crinoids from all stratigraphic horizons are conspecific. The most numerous primibrachs are located in the A and B rays, whereas the C ray exhibits the fewest plates. The largest and smallest numbers of secundibrachs occur in the B and C rays, respectively. The number of brachs is independent of stratigraphic position and the size of the crinoids. Correlation coefficients for the numbers of brachs demonstrate that the arms are divided into two overlapping and covarying levels: the proximal arms from the primibrachs to tertibrachs, and distal arms ranging from the tertibrachs to quintibrachs. Growth of the aboral cup is generally isometric or roughly so. Conversely, the width:height ratios of brachs typically increase in progressively larger individuals. Similarly, most deposition of calcite on the columnals affects their width rather than height. The correlations for the aboral cup and its plates generally exceed those of brachs and stem plates. The contrasts in allometry and integration and coordination between the aboral cup versus the brachs and column are attributed to differences in basic geometry and developmental constraints. Similar patterns are seen in other Paleozoic and perhaps all or most crinoids.

Indoor and outdoor environmental determinants on the perceived housing affordability for senior households

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suk-Kyung Kim ◽  
Jaechoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The United States ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Environmental Determinants ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Ageing In Place ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

The primary purpose of this research is to determine influential indoor and outdoor environmental elements that affect senior households’ perceptions of housing affordability. This paper proposes major considerations for indoor and outdoor environmental elements which could make homes for senior households to be affordable and thus support their ageing in place. Our research adopted an empirical approach based on a survey. Relevant research was reviewed to identify potential indoor and outdoor environmental elements that could affect senior residents’ opinions about housing affordability. Sixteen indoor and outdoor environmental elements were selected. The survey targeted senior residents living in the central Michigan area in the United States. The results of this paper were based on descriptive statistics, mean difference tests, correlation coefficients and regression models to explain the relationships between indoor and outdoor environmental elements and senior residents’ perceptions of their housing affordability. Major findings proved statistically significant correlations between interior environmental elements and senior households’ perceived housing affordability. Most housing programmes and policies for housing affordability have focused on financial elements. Findings from this research, however, added several indoor and neighbourhood environmental elements for consideration to improve senior households’ perceived housing affordability and support their ageing in place.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document