scholarly journals Association of microorganisms of reproductive tract of women with vaginal microbiome disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetyana V. Sklyar ◽  
Olga S. Voronkova ◽  
Oleksandr V. Krysenko ◽  
Maryna H. Papiashvili ◽  
Tetyana M. Shevchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Test System ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria ◽  
Prevotella Bivia ◽  
Film Forming

Disorders of the microbiome of the reproductive tract of women is quite common and can have significant consequences for the woman and for her sexual partners or to the fetus during pregnancy. The study of vaginal microbiome and biological properties of same microorganisms is a necessary step for choice the treatment strategy. The aim of research was to analyze qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiome of the vagina of women using the test-system Femoflor-16 and to study the ability of staphylococci strains to biofilm-formation. Using molecular genetic methods for detecting of microorganisms disorders of vaginal microbiome was confirmed in 92.7% of the surveyed women. It our study, 21 (41.2%) cases of dysbiosis were found to accompany infectious diseases. <em>Candida</em> spp., <em>Mycoplasma</em> <em>hominis</em>, <em>M. genitalium</em> and <em>Ureaplasma</em> (<em>urealyticum</em> + <em>parvum</em>) showed overwhelming. Most of the pathogens detected were a monoinfection (71%), with two-agent associations accounting for only 29% of the cases. The predominant associations of opportunistic bacteria, detected during disorders of vaginal microbiome, were <em>Gardnerella vaginalis</em> + <em>Prevotella bivia</em> + <em>Porphyromonas</em> spp. that found in 50.9% of patients and <em>Megasphaera</em> spp. + <em>Veillonella</em> spp. + <em>Dialister</em> spp. – found in 34.5% of patients. Among cases of monoinfection the most often found opportunistic pathogens were <em>Eubacterium</em> spp. – 50.9% of cases and <em>Staphylococcus</em> spp. – 49.1% of cases: 92.6% of these were identified as <em>Staphylococcus</em> epidermidis and 7.4% – as <em>Staphylococcus</em> <em>saprophyticus</em>. 44% of <em>S. epidermidi</em>s strains were able to form biofilm. None of <em>S. saprophyticus</em> strains was film-forming.

scholarly journals Finding a Balance in the Vaginal Microbiome: How Do We Treat and Prevent the Occurrence of Bacterial Vaginosis?

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Rebecca Jane Joseph ◽  
Hooi-Leng Ser ◽  
Yi-He Kuai ◽  
Loh Teng-Hern Tan ◽  
Valliammai Jayanthi Thirunavuk Arasoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Healthy State ◽  
Vaginal Health ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) has been reported in one-third of women worldwide at different life stages, due to the complex balance in the ecology of the vaginal microbiota. It is a common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge and is associated with other health issues. Since the first description of anaerobic microbes associated with BV like Gardnerella vaginalis in the 1950s, researchers have stepped up the game by incorporating advanced molecular tools to monitor and evaluate the extent of dysbiosis within the vaginal microbiome, particularly on how specific microbial population changes compared to a healthy state. Moreover, treatment failure and BV recurrence rate remain high despite the standard antibiotic treatment. Consequently, researchers have been probing into alternative or adjunct treatments, including probiotics or even vaginal microbiota transplants, to ensure successful treatment outcomes and reduce the colonization by pathogenic microbes of the female reproductive tract. The current review summarizes the latest findings in probiotics use for BV and explores the potential of vaginal microbiota transplants in restoring vaginal health.

scholarly journals Gardnerella vaginalis and Prevotella bivia Trigger Distinct and Overlapping Phenotypes in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Vaginosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (7) ◽  
pp. 1099-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M Gilbert ◽  
Warren G Lewis ◽  
Guocai Li ◽  
Dorothy K Sojka ◽  
Jean Bernard Lubin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Sialidase Activity ◽  
Ascending Infection ◽  
Prevotella Bivia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractBackgroundBacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common imbalance of the vaginal microbiota characterized by overgrowth of diverse Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Gram-negative anaerobes. Women with BV are at increased risk of secondary reproductive tract infections and adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, which specific bacteria cause clinical features of BV is unclear.MethodsWe previously demonstrated that Gardnerella vaginalis could elicit many BV features in mice. In this study, we established a BV model in which we coinfected mice with G. vaginalis and another species commonly found in women with BV: Prevotella bivia.ResultsThis coinfection model recapitulates several aspects of human BV, including vaginal sialidase activity (a diagnostic BV feature independently associated with adverse outcomes), epithelial exfoliation, and ascending infection. It is notable that G. vaginalis facilitated uterine infection by P. bivia.ConclusionsTaken together, our model provides a framework for advancing our understanding of the role of individual or combinations of BV-associated bacteria in BV pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Analysis of long-term results of Metrogil vaginal gel and Metrogil plus in the treatment of recurrent vaginal biocenosis disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
T. V. Provotorova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Vaginal Gel ◽  
Gel Treatment ◽  
Group 2

Aim: to study the efficacy of Metrogil vaginal gel and Metrogil plus in patients with recurrent vaginal biocenosis disorders. Materials and methods. A total of 234 patients were examined. Among them, 115 women with mixed flora without Candida spp in their vaginal microbiome, received Metrogil vaginal gel treatment (group 1), and 119 women with mixed flora and Candida spp. in their vaginal microbiome, received treatment with Metrogil plus applied as an intravaginal gel (group 2). To assess the treatment efficacy, patients’ complaints, objective examination data, pH-metry, smear microscopy, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were analyzed. Results. In the vaginal microbiome of all patients before treatment, the presence of heterogeneous gram-positive and gram-negative flora was detected; among those bacteria, a markedly decreased presence of Lactobacillus spp. (to 102-103 cfu/ml) and a dramatically increased presence of Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Mobiluncus spp. was found; there was also a significant amount of Candida spp. in patients of group 2. By the end of the treatment, the patients presented no complaints, there were no objective clinical symptoms, the pH values came to normal, and the PCR results showed an improvement in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the vaginal microflora. In most patients, this positive result persisted for 3 months. Conclusion. The decision on pharmacotherapy in patients with recurrent disbalance of vaginal biocenosis should be based on the qualitative composition of the vaginal microbiome.

scholarly journals Human beta defensin levels and vaginal microbiome composition in post-menopausal women diagnosed with lichen sclerosus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Brunner ◽  
Márta Medvecz ◽  
Nóra Makra ◽  
Miklós Sárdy ◽  
Kinga Komka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lichen Sclerosus ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Streptococcus Anginosus ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Production

AbstractHuman beta defensins (hBDs) may play an important role in the progression of lichen sclerosus (LS), due to their ability to induce excessive stimulation of extracellular matrix synthesis and fibroblast activation. The genetic ability of the individual to produce defensins, the presence of microbes influencing defensin production, and the sensitivity of microbes to defensins together regulate the formation of an ever-changing balance between defensin levels and microbiome composition. We investigated the potential differences in postmenopausal vaginal microbiome composition and vaginal hBD levels in LS patients compared to non-LS controls. LS patients exhibited significantly lower levels of hBD1 (p = 0.0003), and significantly higher levels of hBD2 (p = 0.0359) and hBD3 (p = 0.0002), compared to the control group. The microbiome of the LS patients was dominated by possibly harmful bacteria including Lactobacillus iners, Streptococcus anginosus or Gardnerella vaginalis known to initiate direct or indirect damage by increasing defensin level production. Our observations highlight that correcting the composition of the microbiome may be applicable in supplementary LS therapy by targeting the restoration of the beneficial flora that does not increase hBD2-3 production.

P–399 Temporal dynamics of an IVF/ICSI success prediction test based on the vaginal microbiome

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bielfeld ◽  
D Baston-Buest ◽  
P Edimiris ◽  
J D Jonge ◽  
D Budding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Fertility Treatment ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Microbiome Profile ◽  
Number Of Patients

Abstract Study question What is the influence of time on the vaginal microbiome-based prediction of IVF/ICSI success? Summary answer Time influences the vaginal microbiome-based prediction of IVF/ICSI success. What is known already The association between the microbiome of the lower female reproductive tract and subfertility is discussed extensively suggesting its importance for fertility and fertility treatment. Using a modified next generation sequencing technique, an assay of the vaginal microbiome that predicts the pregnancy chances before starting the IVF/ICSI procedure has been developed and validated (1) displaying profiles associated with a low, medium and high chance of implantation. The vaginal microbiome is already known to change over time (2). However, it remains unclear to what extent spontaneous improvement from a low score can occur and over what time period. Study design, size, duration To investigate the spontaneous reversal capacity and associated time period of a low score microbiome profile in IVF-ICSI patients, an observational prospective cohort study of 77 women was performed using the ReceptIVFity assay. Women with medium or high profiles were encouraged to proceed with their ART treatment, whereas women with a low profile were suggested to delay the treatment for 1 month until a subsequent swab was taken with a maximum of 4 repeats. Participants/materials, setting, methods The study was carried out in a University based single center setting. Ethical approval was obtained (6259R MPG§23b). Patients between 24 and 41 years of age were included when eligible for their first, second or third IVF or IVF-ICSI attempt. Exclusion criteria were: antibiotic treatment in the 3 months prior to the test, women who have started with hormone treatment in the last 2 months in the context of ovarian stimulation, or downregulation of endometriosis. Main results and the role of chance Of the 77 patients included, 53 had a high or medium profile and proceeded with their treatment. 24 had a low profile and were supposed to delay the treatment in favor of a subsequent test. The low profile patients were followed up as indicated in the study description. Unfortunately, 11 of the 24 low score patients dropped out of the study. This relatively high number can only in parts be explained by unswayable medical reasons as no fertilization or embryo arrest but a comparable number of patients dropped out most likely due to Corona restrictions or Corona-related anxiety reasons. In the low score group, 1 month after the initial test, 12 patients repeated the swab; 4 remained low (33,33%), whereas 8 shifted to the medium or high (66,67%) groups. After 2 months, 4 patients had another test; 1 remained low (25%), 3 shifted to medium and high (75%). Therewith, in two months’ time 91,7% shifted from low to a better (medium/high) profile. So far, only 1 patient of the initial lows remained low for 5 months. The 12 shifters had a clinical pregnancy rate of 40% after the first embryo transfer after changing the microbiome profile from low to medium/high. Limitations, reasons for caution The results described were generated from a smaller group than intended initially due to a relative high dropout rate for no medical reasons. Wider implications of the findings: Patients suffering from infertility have a clinical benefit from performing a ReceptIVFity test before ART treatment and to delay treatment, when the result is low, since the spontaneous conversion time to a better profile, and therewith a higher pregnancy chance, occurred within 2 month in almost all patients. Trial registration number 2018124928

Characterization of Gardnerella vaginalis and G. vaginalis-like organisms from the reproductive tract of the mare.

1991 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1157-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
S A Salmon ◽  
R D Walker ◽  
C L Carleton ◽  
S Shah ◽  
B E Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis

MALT Lymphomas

Hematology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Cavalli ◽  
Peter G. Isaacson ◽  
Randy D. Gascoyne ◽  
Emanuele Zucca
Keyword(s):  
Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Marginal Zone ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Gastric Lymphoma ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
General Term ◽  
Gastric Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Lymphoma Study Group ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas

Abstract This review addresses the biology and the treatment of lymphomas arising from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). This entity, first described in 1983, represents about 8% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and was recently re-classified as “extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of MALT-type.” The term marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) encompasses the three closely related lymphoma subtypes of nodal, primary splenic and extranodal lymphomas of MALT type: the latter represent the vast majority of MZL. These lymphomas arise at different anatomic sites, are composed of mature B-cells lacking expression of CD5 and CD10, often present with overlapping morphologic features, but typically quite distinct clinical behaviors. Only very recently cytogenetic/molecular genetic observations have underlined the distinctiveness of these three lymphoid neoplasms, which in both the R.E.A.L. and WHO-classifications are included in the general term of MZL. MALT lymphomas arise in numerous extranodal sites, but gastric MALT lymphoma is the most common and best studied and is, therefore, the paradigm for the group as a whole. Dr. Isaacson describes the principal histological features of these lymphomas, including criteria to distinguish this entity from other small B-cell lymphomas. Several lines of evidence suggest that gastric lymphoma arises from MALT acquired as the result of aH. pyloriinfection. However, at least 1/3 of cases do not respond to eradication ofH. pylori. Very recent data suggest that both t(11;18) (q21;q21) and bcl10 nuclear expression are associated with failure to respond to this treatment. Dr. Gascoyne discusses the biologic function of proteins deregulated through the different translocations, which play a role in pathogenesis of MALT lymphomas, emphasizing particularly their influence in disrupting the apoptotic pathway. Dr. Zucca reviews findings suggesting that MALT lymphoma is an antigen driven neoplasm. He also presents specific guidelines for treatment of gastric lymphomas trying to shed some light on the amazingly inconsistent and confusing data in the literature. Taking advantage on the more than 300 non-gastric MALT lymphomas collected by the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group (ILESG), Dr. Cavalli compares gastric lymphomas with those arising in many other sites. Overall, the data presented in this session will underline the fact, that MALT lymphomas are characterized by some unique biological properties.

scholarly journals Change of Ecological and Biological Properties of Cespitose and Podsolic Soil at Binomial Deposits Exposed to Local Wild Fire

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01057
Author(s):  
Alexander Ragimov ◽  
Mikchail Mazirov ◽  
Alexey Belenkov ◽  
Vladimir Nikolaev
Keyword(s):  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Biological Condition ◽  
Wild Fire ◽  
Vladimir Region ◽  
Clear Differentiation ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The article deals with the ground wild fire impact on physical and chemical and ecological and biological condition of cespitose and podsolic soils on binomial deposits of the Meshcherska province of Gus-Khrustalny district, the Vladimir region under different forest cultures type. In the course of the study, a clear differentiation of changes in the microbiological pool of sod-podzolic soil on bicompartmental deposits under different types of forests was established. The quantitative composition of ammonia factors after exposure to pyrogenic exposure decreased on the sod-podzolic soil of coniferous forests, while the number of photographers, mushrooms, and oligotrophs sharply decreases in the area of pyrogenic exposure in the mixed forest. Within the territory exposed to fire, there is a decrease in the content of organic matter, as well as the content of other biophilic elements. The physical properties of sod-podzolic soil on bicompartmental deposits are also subject to change, in the direction of significant deterioration.

Adherence of bacteria to mucus collected from different parts of the reproductive tract of heifers and cows

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 720-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Styková ◽  
R. Nemcová ◽  
I. Valocký ◽  
F. Novotný ◽  
P. Guba
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Gastric Mucus ◽  
Strain Specificity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Lactobacillus Mucosae ◽  
Different Parts

In the present study, we examined the adherence of indigenous vaginal bacteria, probiotic strains, and metritis pathogens to mucus collected from different parts of the reproductive tracts of heifers and cows and compared their adherence with the bacterial adherence to mucus collected from the stomach and large intestine of pigs. Most of the vaginal strains adhered to mucus collected from different parts of the reproductive tract and strongly adhered to gastric mucus, with the exception of Lactobacillus buchneri 24S8. Only Lactobacillus mucosae 29S8, Enterococcus faecium E21, and E. faecium EAC adhered to colonic mucus. Probiotic strains adhered strongly to mucus collected from the reproductive tract and gastric mucus but did not adhere to colonic mucus. Pathogenic strains were adherent to vaginal, uterine horn, and gastric mucus, except Escherichia coli O8:K88ab:H9 (65), Fusobacterium necrophorum, and Gardnerella vaginalis, which adhered to uterine cervix mucus. Only Kocuria kristinae and G. vaginalis adhered to uterine body mucus; E. coli O149:K88ac (EC) adhered to colonic mucus. The strains did not exhibit host specificity but rather strain specificity. The ability to adhere to mucus was a characteristic unique to each strain. To our knowledge, this is the first report regarding in vitro adherence of GRAS (Generally Regarded As Safe) lactobacilli isolated from different sources to mucus collected from different parts of the reproductive tract.

scholarly journals Composition, biological properties and therapeutic effects of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia L). A review

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Prusinowska ◽  
Krzysztof B. Śmigielski
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Lavandula Angustifolia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is a shrub of the family Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean region. The material used for herbal purposes includes lavender flowers (Lavandula flores) containing essential oil (3%), anthocyanins, phytosterols, sugars, minerals, and tannins. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the essential oil of lavender is variable and depends on genotype, growing location, climatic conditions, propagation, and morphological features. The essential oil contains over 300 chemical compounds. The dominant components are linalool, linalyl acetate, terpinen-4-ol, acetate lavandulol, oci-mene, and cineole. Lavender essential oil has good antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and a significant positive effect on the digestive and nervous systems. Lavender extract prevents dementia and may inhibit the growth of cancer cells, while lavender hydrolate is recommended for the treatment of skin problems and burns.

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