scholarly journals Fruit Intake and Changes of Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in People with Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 382-389
Author(s):  
Shiao Shih Liu ◽  
Ju Young Kim ◽  
Jung Ha Park ◽  
Sohye Kim ◽  
Kiheon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Lower Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Background: This study aimed to explore the relationship between fruit intake, changes in fruit intake, and changes in cardiometabolic factors in people with obesity. Methods: A total of 21,270 subjects (8,718 men, 12,552 women) aged 40 years and over, from the Korean-based Genome and Epidemiology Study, were followed up for an average of 4.4 years. Fruit intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire at baseline and the second follow-up. The beta coefficient and confidence intervals for changes in cardiometabolic risk factors according to fruit consumption were calculated using a linear regression model. Results: In men, the abdominal circumference decreased with changes in fruit intake (P=0.029). Fruit intake and increased fruit intake in men were associated with a lower systolic blood pressure (P=0.012 and P=0.02, respectively) and lower triglyceride levels (P=0.002 and P<0.001, respectively). In women, abdominal circumference decreased with both fruit intake and increased fruit intake (P<0.001 and P=0.013, respectively). Systolic blood pressure and triglycerides tended to decrease only with fruit intake (P=0.048 and P<0.001, respectively). Unlike in men, fasting blood glucose tended to decrease in women with both fruit intake and increased fruit intake (P=0.011 and P=0.005, respectively). Conclusion: Fruit intake and increased fruit intake may have beneficial effects on cardiometabolic risk factors among individuals who are obese.

scholarly journals Association between adiposity indices and cardiometabolic risk factors among adults living in Puerto Rico

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1714-1723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Palacios ◽  
Cynthia M Pérez ◽  
Manuel Guzmán ◽  
Ana P Ortiz ◽  
Alelí Ayala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Obesity Indices ◽  
General Adiposity ◽  
Pai 1

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the general adiposity index (BMI) with abdominal obesity indices (waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)) in order to examine the best predictor of cardiometabolic risk factors among Hispanics living in Puerto Rico.DesignSecondary analysis of measurements taken from a representative sample of adults. Logistic regression models (prevalence odds ratios (POR)), partial Pearson's correlations (controlling for age and sex) and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated between indices of obesity (BMI, WC, WHR and WHtR) and blood pressure, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC):HDL-C, TAG, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated Hb, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and an aggregated measure of cardiometabolic risk.SettingHousehold study conducted between 2005 and 2007 in the San Juan Metropolitan Area in Puerto Rico.SubjectsA representative sample of 858 non-institutionalized adults.ResultsAll four obesity indices significantly correlated with the cardiometabolic risk factors. WHtR had the highest POR for high TC:HDL-C, blood pressure, hs-CRP, fibrinogen and PAI-1; WC had the highest POR for low HDL-C and high LDL-C and fasting blood glucose; WHR had the highest POR for overall cardiometabolic risk, TAG and glycosylated Hb. BMI had the lowest POR for most risk factors and smallest ROC curve for overall cardiometabolic risk.ConclusionsThe findings of the study suggest that general adiposity and abdominal adiposity are both associated with cardiometabolic risk in this population, although WC, WHR and WHtR appear to be slightly better predictors than BMI.

scholarly journals Uric Acid Associates With Executive Function in Children and Adolescents With Hypertension

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Stabouli ◽  
Katerina Chrysaidou ◽  
Athanasia Chainoglou ◽  
Dimos Gidaris ◽  
Vasilios Kotsis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Behavior Regulation ◽  
Executive Performance ◽  
High Uric Acid

Observational studies show that serum uric acid levels associate with cardiometabolic risk factors and subclinical target organ damage. The aim of the present study is to investigate the association of traditional cardiometabolic risk factors and uric acid with the executive performance in children and adolescents. Ninety-nine children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years referred for assessment of primary hypertension were included. Traditional cardiometabolic risk factors, uric acid, and ambulatory blood pressure parameters were assessed. Executive performance was assessed by the validated Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function parent questionnaire. Serum uric acid correlated with cardiometabolic parameters, daytime and nighttime systolic blood pressure. High uric acid levels and ambulatory hypertension were associated with behavior regulation independently of other cardiometabolic risk factors or presence of metabolic syndrome. Participants with combined hypertension and high uric acid levels presented the lowest behavior regulation performance. Children with high uric acid had worse behavior regulation indices T scores with estimated marginal means 56.47 (95% CI, 51.68–61.27) compared with 49.22 (95% CI, 45.91–52.53) in those with low uric acid levels ( P =0.023, adjusted for age, sex, nighttime systolic blood pressure, daytime and nighttime heart rate). Mediation analysis showed that part of the effect of high uric acid levels on behavior regulation was mediated by nighttime systolic blood pressure. In conclusion, we found a positive association of serum uric acid with worse executive performance in children at risk for primary hypertension. Extending these cross-sectional findings with longitudinal studies may determine whether high uric acid levels increases the risk of cognitive decline in youth.

Abstract P127: Ayurveda Improves Arterial Stiffness and Cardiometabolic Risk in Coronary Patients: A Prospective Pilot Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert DuBroff ◽  
Vasant Lad ◽  
Cristina Murray-Krezan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Yoga Meditation

Introduction: Ayurveda is the ancient East Indian holistic approach to health that includes yoga, meditation, breathing exercises, medicinal herbs, and other practices. Although it has been practiced for nearly 5000 years there is little objective data regarding its efficacy in coronary disease. Hypothesis: Can the addition of Ayurveda to usual care improve markers and risk factors of cardiovascular disease? Methods: Twenty-six volunteers with a history of prior myocardial infarction, coronary bypass surgery, or coronary angioplasty/stent were recruited from the University of New Mexico cardiology clinics. Each patient underwent consultation with a single Ayurvedic specialist and received personalized instruction in daily yoga, meditation, breathing, medicinal herbs, and a caloric unrestricted Ayurvedic diet. Standardized measurements of arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity) and cardiometabolic risk factors were obtained at baseline and after 90 days of therapy. Results: Nineteen patients, mean age 71.6 years, completed the study, six dropped out and one was lost to follow up. Among hypertensive patients (n=15), 60% (9 of 15) had either a >10 mm Hg drop in systolic blood pressure (n=4) or required a reduction in anti-hypertensive medications due to persistent systolic blood pressure < 110 mm Hg (n=5). Statistical analysis was performed using the paired student’s t test. Conclusion: This pilot study suggests that short term Ayurvedic therapy improves arterial stiffness and many cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease. These findings support the need for a randomized controlled trial to further study the effects of Ayurveda on cardiovascular disease.

Effect of Vitamin K Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitesh Verma ◽  
Rajeev Garg
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Present Systematic Review

Background: Multiple cross sectional and longitudinal studies reported the benefits of vitamin K intake for management of cardiometabolic risk factors so as to minimize the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Objective: In present systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin K supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors. Methodology: A systematic literature search of PubMed, Cochrane central, Clinicaltrials.gov, Google Scholar, Web of Science, EBSCO and Scopus databases was done from inception to November, 2017. A total of 13 trials were selected for inclusion into the present systematic review to evaluate the effect of vitamin K supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy or in population at high risk of cardiovascular diseases. Results: Significant beneficial effects of vitamin K supplementation were found only in case of Creactive protein (p = 0.01) and insulin sensitivity index (p <0.001), while no significant effects of vitamin K supplementation were found in case of total cholesterol (p=0.857), low density lipoprotein – cholesterol (p=0.964), high density lipoprotein – cholesterol (p=0.998), interleukin – 6 (p=0.766), systolic blood pressure (p=0.660), diastolic blood pressure (p=0.818), fasting plasma glucose (p=0.362), fasting plasma insulin (p=0.928) and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (p=0.672). Conclusion: Presently available evidence are insufficient to ascertain the beneficial effects of vitamin K supplementation for the management of cardiometabolic risk factors. In order to explore the true potential of vitamin K supplementation for management of cardiometabolic diseases, large randomized placebo controlled trials are required in population with disturbed cardiometabolic profile. Present systematic review and meta-analysis is registered with PROSPERO (Registration number: CRD42018084608).

scholarly journals Cardiometabolic risk factors associated with brain age and accelerate brain ageing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dani Beck ◽  
Ann-Marie G. de Lange ◽  
Mads Lund Pedersen ◽  
Dag Alnaes ◽  
Ivan I. Maximov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Brain Ageing ◽  
Brain Age

The structure and integrity of the ageing brain is interchangeably linked to physical health, and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRs) are associated with dementia and other brain disorders. In this mixed cross-sectional and longitudinal study (interval mean [standard deviation] = 19.7 [0.5] months), including 1062 datasets from 790 healthy individuals (mean (range) age = 46.7 (18-94) years, 54% women), we investigated CMRs and health indicators including anthropometric measures, lifestyle factors, and blood biomarkers in relation to brain structure using MRI-based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We performed tissue specific brain age prediction using machine learning and performed Bayesian multilevel modelling to assess changes in each CMR over time, their respective association with brain age gap (BAG), and their interaction effects with time and age on the tissue-specific BAGs. The results showed credible associations between DTI-based BAG and blood levels of phosphate and mean cell volume (MCV), and between T1-based BAG and systolic blood pressure, smoking, pulse, and C-reactive protein (CRP), indicating older-appearing brains in people with higher cardiometabolic risk (smoking, higher blood pressure and pulse, low-grade inflammation). Longitudinal evidence supported interactions between both BAGs and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and between DTI-based BAG and systolic blood pressure and smoking, indicating accelerated ageing in people with higher cardiometabolic risk (smoking, higher blood pressure, and WHR). The results demonstrate that cardiometabolic risk factors are associated with brain ageing. While randomised controlled trials are needed to establish causality, our results indicate that public health initiatives and treatment strategies targeting modifiable cardiometabolic risk factors may also improve risk trajectories and delay brain ageing. Key words: T1 MRI, DTI, Brain age, Cardiometabolic risk

Increased monocyte to HDL cholesterol ratio in vitamin B12 deficiency: is it related to cardiometabolic risk?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sanem Kayhan ◽  
Nazli Gulsoy Kirnap ◽  
Mercan Tastemur
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Group

Abstract. Vitamin B12 deficiency may have indirect cardiovascular effects in addition to hematological and neuropsychiatric symptoms. It was shown that the monocyte count-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (MHR) is a novel cardiovascular marker. In this study, the aim was to evaluate whether MHR was high in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and its relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors. The study included 128 patients diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency and 93 healthy controls. Patients with vitamin B12 deficiency had significantly higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), MHR, C-reactive protein (CRP) and uric acid levels compared with the controls (median 139 vs 115 mmHg, p < 0.001; 80 vs 70 mmHg, p < 0.001; 14.2 vs 9.5, p < 0.001; 10.2 vs 4 mg/dl p < 0.001; 6.68 vs 4.8 mg/dl, p < 0.001 respectively). The prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy was higher in vitamin B12 deficiency group (43.8%) than the control group (8.6%) (p < 0.001). In vitamin B12 deficiency group, a positive correlation was detected between MHR and SBP, CRP and uric acid (p < 0.001 r:0.34, p < 0.001 r:0.30, p < 0.001 r:0.5, respectively) and a significant negative correlation was detected between MHR and T-CHOL, LDL, HDL and B12 (p < 0.001 r: −0.39, p < 0.001 r: −0.34, p < 0.001 r: −0.57, p < 0.04 r: −0.17, respectively). MHR was high in vitamin B12 deficiency group, and correlated with the cardiometabolic risk factors in this group, which were SBP, CRP, uric acid and HDL. In conclusion, MRH, which can be easily calculated in clinical practice, can be a useful marker to assess cardiovascular risk in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency.

Association between maternal prepregnancy body mass index with offspring cardiometabolic risk factors: analysis of three Brazilian birth cohorts

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mariane da Silva Dias ◽  
Alicia Matijasevich ◽  
Ana Maria B. Menezes ◽  
Fernando C. Barros ◽  
Fernando C. Wehrmeister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Prepregnancy Bmi ◽  
Prepregnancy Body Mass Index

Abstract Evidence suggests that maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) is associated with offspring cardiometabolic risk factors. This study was aimed at assessing the association of maternal prepregnancy BMI with offspring cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescence and adulthood. We also evaluated whether offspring BMI was a mediator in this association. The study included mother–offspring pairs from three Pelotas birth cohorts. Offspring cardiometabolic risk factors were collected in the last follow-up of each cohort [mean age (in years) 30.2, 22.6, 10.9]. Blood pressure was measured using an automatic device, cholesterol by using an enzymatic colorimetric method, and glucose from fingertip blood, using a portable glucose meter. In a pooled analysis of the cohorts, multiple linear regression was used to control for confounding. Mediation analysis was conducted using G-computation formula. In the adjusted model, mean systolic blood pressure of offspring from overweight and obese mothers was on average 1.25 (95% CI: 0.45; 2.05) and 2.13 (95% CI: 0.66; 3.59) mmHg higher than that of offspring from normal-weight mothers; for diastolic blood pressure, the means were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.26; 1.34) and 2.60 (95% CI: 1.62; 3.59) mmHg higher, respectively. Non-HDL cholesterol was positively associated with maternal BMI, whereas blood glucose was not associated. Mediation analyses showed that offspring BMI explained completely the association of maternal prepregnancy BMI with offspring systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and non-HDL cholesterol. Our findings suggest that maternal prepregnancy BMI is positively associated with offspring blood pressure, and blood lipids, and this association is explained by offspring BMI.

Abstract P148: Neck Circumference as an Independent Contributor to Cardio Metabolic Risk Factors - ELSA BRASIL

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina P Baena ◽  
Paulo A Lotufo ◽  
Maria J Fonseca ◽  
Isabela J Benseñor
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Low Hdl

Background: Neck circumference is a proxy for upper body fat and it is a simple anthropometric measure. Therefore it could be a useful tool to identify individuals with cardiometabolic risk factors in the context of primary care. Hypothesis: Neck circumference is independently associated to cardiometabolic risk factors in an apparently healthy population. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), a cohort of 15105 civil servants aged 35-74 years. We excluded from this analysis those who fulfilled American Diabetes Association criteria for diabetes diagnosis, were taking antihypertensive and/or lipid-lowering drugs. A sex-specific analysis was conducted. Partial correlation (age-adjusted) was used. Risk factors were set as low HDL<50mg/dL for women and <40mg/dL for men, hypertriglyceridemia ≥ 150 mg/dl , hypertension as systolic blood pressure ≥130 mg/dl or diastolic blood pressure ≥85 mm Hg and insulin resistance(HOMA-IR ≥ 75th percentile). Logistic regression models were built to analyze the association between individual and clustered risk factors as dependent variables and 1-SD increase in neck circumference as independent variable. Multiple adjustments were subsequently performed for age, smoking, alcohol, body-mass index, waist and physical activity. Receiver Operating Curves were employed to find the best NC cut-off points for clustered risk factors. Results: We analyzed 3810 men (mean age= 49.0 ±8.3 yrs) and 4916 women (49.2 ±8.0 yrs). Mean NC was 38.9 (±2.6)cm for men and 33.4(±2.6)cm for women. NC positively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (r=0.21 and r=0.27), HOMA - IR (r=0.44), triglycerides (r=0.31) and negatively correlated with HDL (r= -0.21) in men (p<0.001 for all) with similar results in women. Fully adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) (95% CI) of risk factor per SD increase in neck circumference in men and women were 1.29(1.14;1.46) and 1.42(1.28;1.57) for insulin resistance; 1.24(1.11;1.39) and 1.25(1.11;1.40) for hypertension; 1.33(1.19;1.49) and 1.42(1.29;1.63) for hypertriglyceridemia; 1.07(0.92;1.23) and 1.32 (1.19;1.43) for low HDL. Fully adjusted OR (95% CI) of 2 clustered risk factor per SD increase in neck circumference in men and women were 1.29(1.14;1.48) and 1.37(1.21;1.54 ). Fully adjusted OR (95% CI) of 3 or more clustered risk factors per SD increase in neck circumference in men and women were 1.33 (1.02;1.74) and 1.62 (1.33;1.92). Values of neck circumference of >40 cm for men and >34.1 cm for women were the best cut-off points for 3 or more clustered risk factors. Conclusion: Neck circumference is significantly and independently associated to cardiometabolic risk factors in a well-defined non-treated population. It should be considered as a marker of cardio metabolic risk factors in primary care settings.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk ◽  
Amanda E. Staiano
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between adherence to pediatric 24-hour movement guidelines (moderate to vigorous physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep) and cardiometabolic risk factors.Methods:The sample included 357 white and African American children aged 5–18 years. Physical activity, television viewing, and sleep duration were measured using questionnaires, and the 24-hour movement guidelines were defined as ≥60 minutes per day of moderate to vigorous physical activity on ≥5 days per week, ≤ 2 hours per day of television, and sleeping 9–11 hours per night (ages 5–13 y) or 8–10 hours per night (ages 14–18 y). Waist circumference, body fat, abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, blood pressure, fasting triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose were measured in a clinical setting.Results:A total of 26.9% of the sample met none of the guidelines, whereas 36.4%, 28.3%, and 8.4% of the sample met 1, 2, or all 3 guidelines, respectively. There were significant associations between the number of guidelines met and body mass index, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, triglycerides, and glucose. There were no associations with blood pressure or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Conclusions:Meeting more components of the 24-hour movement guidelines was associated with lower levels of obesity and several cardiometabolic risk factors. Future efforts should consider novel strategies to simultaneously improve physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep in children.

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