scholarly journals Factors Associated With Concussion Nondisclosure in Collegiate Student-Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
Morgan Anderson ◽  
Kyle M. Petit ◽  
Jessica Wallace ◽  
Tracey Covassin ◽  
Erica Beidler
Keyword(s):  
Student Athletes ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Student Athlete ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Concussion History ◽  
Concussion Knowledge ◽  
Concussion Education

Context Mandated concussion education has aimed to improve student-athlete knowledge; however, some collegiate student-athletes continue to not disclose concussion. Concussion knowledge may not be the only factor influencing reporting, as student-athlete sex, sport, and pressure from external stakeholders (eg, coaches, teammates, fans, parents or family) have all been documented as influencing collegiate concussion-reporting behavior. Objective To examine factors associated with concussion nondisclosure in collegiate student-athletes. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Four National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I and two Division II universities. Patients or Other Participants A total of 1125 collegiate student-athletes completed the survey, and 741 provided viable responses and were included for data analysis. Main Outcome Measure(s) We used a 10- to 15-minute electronic or paper-and-pencil survey that asked about personal and sport demographics, diagnosed concussions and nondisclosed concussion history, concussion knowledge, and level of agreement regarding pressure to play after a head impact experienced during collegiate sport participation. Significant univariable factors were entered into a multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results Sex (P = .005), sport-risk type (P < .001), diagnosed concussion history (P < .001), concussion knowledge (P = .017), and pressure from coaches (P < .001), teammates (P < .001), fans (P = .024), and parents or family (P = .003) were factors associated with concussion nondisclosure in individual univariable logistic regressions. After we conducted multivariable analyses, male sex (P = .001), high concussion-risk sport participation (P = .048), diagnosed concussion history (P < .001), increased concussion knowledge (P = .013), and experiencing pressure from coaches to continue playing after sustaining a hit to the head (P = .002) were factors associated with concussion nondisclosure in collegiate student-athletes. Conclusions Our results suggest that concussion-education programs should go beyond the identification of signs and symptoms to include the dangers of continuing to play, long-term consequences, and transparency about concussion protocols. Comprehensive concussion-education programs should involve coaches and athletes to improve the reporting culture.

scholarly journals Predictors of Concussion Nondisclosure in Collegiate Student-Athletes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan Anderson ◽  
Kyle M. Petit ◽  
Jessica Wallace ◽  
Tracey Covassin ◽  
Erica Beidler
Keyword(s):  
Student Athletes ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Student Athlete ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Concussion History ◽  
Concussion Knowledge ◽  
Concussion Education

Context Mandated concussion education has aimed to improve student-athlete knowledge; however, some collegiate student-athletes continue to not disclose concussion. Concussion knowledge may not be the only factor influencing reporting, as student-athlete sex, sport, and pressure from external stakeholders (eg, coaches, teammates, fans, parents or family) have all been documented as influencing collegiate concussion-reporting behavior. Objective To examine predictors of concussion nondisclosure in collegiate student-athletes. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Four National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I and two Division II universities. Patients or Other Participants A total of 1125 collegiate student-athletes completed the survey, and 741 provided viable responses and were included for data analysis. Main Outcome Measure(s) We used a 10- to 15-minute electronic or paper-and-pencil survey that asked about personal and sport demographics, diagnosed concussions and nondisclosed concussion history, concussion knowledge, and level of agreement regarding pressure to play after a head impact experienced during collegiate sport participation. Significant univariable predictor variables were entered into a multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results Sex (P = .005), sport-risk type (P < .001), diagnosed concussion history (P < .001), concussion knowledge (P = .017), and pressure from coaches (P < .001), teammates (P < .001), fans (P = .024), and parents or family (P = .003) were predictors of concussion nondisclosure in individual univariable logistic regressions. After we conducted multivariable analyses, male sex (P = .001), high concussion-risk sport participation (P = .048), diagnosed concussion history (P < .001), increased concussion knowledge (P = .013), and experiencing pressure from coaches to continue playing after sustaining a hit to the head (P = .002) were predictors of concussion nondisclosure in collegiate student-athletes. Conclusions Our results suggest that concussion-education programs should go beyond the identification of signs and symptoms to include the dangers of continuing to play, long-term consequences, and transparency about concussion protocols. Comprehensive concussion-education programs should involve coaches and athletes to improve the reporting culture.

scholarly journals Evaluating Knowledge Attainment and Retention of a Multimodal Approach to Concussion Education in Collegiate Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-207
Author(s):  
Lena Catherine Scott ◽  
Jody Langdon ◽  
Diana Botnaru ◽  
Tamerah N. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Education Intervention ◽  
Student Athlete ◽  
Multimodal Approach ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Concussion Knowledge ◽  
Concussion Education

Context The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has declared concussions as an epidemic in sport participation. To provide a safer environment, state legislation and athletic governing bodies have mandated concussion education as a part of concussion management strategies throughout secondary and postsecondary levels. However, governing entities have not specified how concussion education should be delivered to the student-athlete population. Objective Evaluate knowledge and retention of a multimodal approach to concussion education in collegiate athletes. Design Sequential explanatory mixed-methods design. Setting Preseason meetings. Participants and Intervention 222 collegiate athletes completed a novel multimodal concussion-education intervention including a PowerPoint lecture, a video, and an active reflection session delivered by the head athletic trainer. Main Outcome Measures The Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge Index (RoCKI) survey was administered pre-intervention to examine baseline concussion knowledge, immediately post-intervention, and three 3 months post-intervention. A repeated repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) compared the knowledge scores over time (pre, post, and retention surveys). Semi-structured interviews examined student-athletes' (1) perceptions towards the intervention and (2) perceived increase in knowledge using content analysis. Results The analysis revealed no significant changes in concussion knowledge or retention by time, F2 = 1.95, P = .147, η2 = 0.034. Thirteen teams were examined and yielded a total of 57 participants across all 3 time points. Ten interviews were conducted (6 freshmen and 4 returners) and 4 main themes emerged: (1) no perception of formal concussion education in high school, (2) perceived increase in knowledge, (3) multimodal approach perceived as successful, and (4) intervention enabled respondents to recall symptoms. Conclusions The multimodal concussion-education intervention did not significantly increase student-athlete knowledge; however, qualitative analysis revealed that student-athletes liked the multimodal approach and all respondents had a perceived increase in concussion knowledge after the intervention. Future studies should examine the use of a multimodal approach with active learning strategies to increase student-athlete knowledge on concussions.

scholarly journals Identifying the Gap: Factors Associated with Self-Reported Completion of Concussion Education in High School Athletes and Their Parent/ Guardian

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (14 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S23.2-S23
Author(s):  
Denise Mohrbacher ◽  
Anneliese Gall ◽  
Rebecca Harrison ◽  
Payton Wesley ◽  
Traci Snedden
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Student Athlete ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Concussion Education

ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the completion of concussion education in a sample of Wisconsin high school student athletes and their parents/ guardians and identify factors associated with completion.BackgroundSport-related concussion is a significant public health concern. All 50 states have legislation mandating safety and prevention efforts aimed at reducing the burden of injury amongst the high school athlete population. Efforts include mandated concussion education for both athletes and their parents/ guardians. Previous studies have found that education leads to improved recognition of symptoms and improved outcomes. However, completion has not been formally assessed and factors that are associated with the completion are unknown.Design/MethodsSecondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data collected during fall of 2017. Data for pre-identified demographic factors (eg. race, ethnicity, student grade level, highest education, income level) were extracted and summarized using descriptive statistics. Only participants who provided responses to variables of interest were included in this analysis (n = 224 dyads of student athlete and their parent/ guardian). Chi Square test of significance assessed associations between factors and completion of concussion education. Analyses performed using SAS version 9.4.ResultsThe majority of student athletes self-identified as male (n = 123; 55.2%), white (n = 185; 87.7%) and non-hispanic (n = 192; 93.2%). Student athletes, who were older, in higher grade levels, had a history of concussion, and had parents/legal guardians with higher levels of education reported completing concussion education at higher proportions. Parents/ guardians reported completion of concussion education at higher proportions if they had a higher stated family income, their student athlete was in a higher grade level, and if their student athlete had a history of concussion.ConclusionsA number of factors are associated with higher self-reported completion of mandated concussion education, identifying a gap. Further investigation is necessary to ensure all student athletes and their parent/guardian are educated about concussion.

scholarly journals Brain smart – Let's play safely: Evaluation of a concussion education program in schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 205970022110244
Author(s):  
Katie Alison Falla ◽  
Sarah Randall ◽  
Carol DeMatteo
Keyword(s):  
School Board ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Concussion Management ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Post Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Concussion Knowledge ◽  
Concussion Education

Objectives There are two objectives for this paper. First, to determine effects of a concussion education program in a local school board in terms of concussion-specific knowledge in children and confidence in identifying and managing concussion in adults. Second, to identify differences and similarities in concussion knowledge between children who participate in sports and those who do not and between children with a history of one or more concussions and those without. Design A cross sectional survey regarding concussion knowledge was distributed randomly to students and adults at both pre- and posteducation timepoints. A concussion education program was disseminated across the school board for students between the distribution survey timepoints. Following the education program, adults and students completed their respective post-test surveys. Chi-squared tests in SPSS determined the significance of between-group differences. Results All 17 adults (100.0%) who had received concussion education recently reported confidence in their knowledge of concussion management, compared to 35.7% adults who had not received education for over a year (p = 0.020). For students, all of whom completed the concussion education training between the pre- and post-tests, there were no significant differences in concussion knowledge scores between athletes and non-athletes (either in or outside of school) or between those with a history of concussion and those without. There were no significant changes in concussion knowledge between the pre- and post-tests, except for one question. Conclusion Concussion education programs increase confidence of concussion management protocols in adults involved in sport, but they require improvements to better support knowledge amelioration, particularly for target groups that are at high risk of sustaining another injury.

scholarly journals Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Patients: Collegiate Athletic Trainers' Perceptions

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma A Nye ◽  
Ashley Crossway ◽  
Sean M. Rogers ◽  
Kenneth E. Games ◽  
Lindsey E. Eberman
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Athletic Training ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Student Athlete ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training And Education

Context Research suggests that patients who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer (LGBTQ) are at risk for certain conditions and denied equal access to health care in physician offices compared with their heterosexual counterparts. However, little evidence exists regarding the treatment of LGBTQ student-athlete patients in the athletic training clinic and the role the athletic trainer (AT) plays in these health care experiences. Objective To explore the perceptions of ATs treating LGBTQ student-athlete patients. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Web-based survey. Patients or Other Participants A total of 1077 collegiate and university ATs completed the survey (5685 e-mails distributed, 1214 surveys started, access rate = 21.4%, completion rate = 88.7%). Main Outcome Measure(s) Demographic information and level of agreement in 3 areas (approach, quality of care, and comfort) were obtained on a 5-point Likert scale. We asked ATs their likeliness of providing guidance to student-athletes about navigating their sexuality generally and as it related to athletic participation, if they thought they provided equal health care to a student-athlete who identified as LGBTQ, how comfortable they were treating LGBTQ student-athlete patients, and how comfortable they thought student-athlete patients would be seeking care from them or from providers in their clinic. Results Overall, we found differences among groups for sexual orientation, gender, religion, and the existence of interpersonal contact with LGBTQ friends or family for approach, quality of care, and comfort. We also identified 2 main themes indicating ATs' desire for more training and education, specifically in caring for transgender student-athletes and providing patient-centered care with professionalism, regardless of gender identity or sexual orientation. Conclusions Although differences existed among demographic groups, ATs had a generally positive view of treating LGBTQ student-athlete patients and wanted more training and education on the specific needs of this population.

Concussion knowledge, attitude and reporting intention in rugby coaches and high school rugby players

2020 ◽  
pp. 174795412096120
Author(s):  
Danielle M Salmon ◽  
Janelle Romanchuk ◽  
S John Sullivan ◽  
Simon Walters ◽  
Amanda Clacy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Concussion History ◽  
Concussion Knowledge ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reporting Intentions

The aim of this study was to evaluate New Zealand high school rugby union players’ and community coaches’ concussion knowledge (CK), concussion attitude (CA) and concussion reporting intentions (CRI) and to explore the impact gender, age, ethnicity, socio-economic status, experience, and concussion history had on these outcome measures. This cross-sectional study utilised the Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes survey to evaluate CK, CA and CRI. The survey and demographic information were completed by 533 high school players (61.5% male, M = 16.2 yrs) and 733 community rugby coaches (93.0% male, M = 42.2 yrs). Coaches displayed greater awareness, safer attitudes, and stronger reporting intentions towards concussion than players. Among players, differences in CK, CA and CRI were observed by gender, ethnicity, and socio-economic status. Among coaches, differences in CRI were found by age and coaching experience. No differences were observed for age or concussion history in players. Gender, ethnicity, and grade coached were not significant for coaches. Players who identified as Māori or Pasifika and those from schools in low socio-economic areas displayed poorer CK and CA. Years of experience for both players and coaches played a critical role in improving CA and is a factor that should be considered when welcoming new participants to either role. Concussion non-disclosure is a systemic issue and is common across gender, ethnicity and socio-economic status and appears to worsen as the playing season progresses. More work is needed to develop educational strategies that are both culturally responsive, sustainable, and address reporting behaviours.

scholarly journals Concussion knowledge and attitudes among amateur South African rugby players

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Viljoen ◽  
M Schoeman ◽  
C Brandt ◽  
J Patricios ◽  
C Van Rooyen
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Concussion Knowledge ◽  
Concussion Attitudes ◽  
Rugby Players ◽  
Concussion Education

Background: The South African Rugby Union’s BokSmart programme currently educates coaches and referees on concussion. Rugby players are often more familiar with their teammates than the coach or referee. Therefore they are well-positioned to play a pivotal role in rugby safety if they have adequate knowledge to identify subtle signs and abnormal behaviour displayed by a concussed teammate. However, no programme focuses on concussion education among South African rugby players and there is a dearth of literature on concussion education programmes among rugby players which could lead to safer return to play (RTP) habits.Objectives: To evaluate South African rugby players’ concussion knowledge and attitudes/behaviours regarding RTP following a concussion.Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was used. Participants (n=294) were divided into junior amateur high school (JAHS) (n=216) and senior amateur club (SAC) (n=78) players. The modified RoCKAS-ST questionnaire was used to evaluate their concussion knowledge index (CKI) and concussion attitudes/behaviours index (CAI) regarding RTP.Results: On average, 62% (JAHS) and 60% (SAC) of the CKI questions were answered correctly. JAHS participants correctly identified 66% of concussion symptoms, similarly to the SAC participants (63%), rendering similar (p=0.37) overall CKI scores when comparing the two groups. The CAI questions yielded similar (p=0.98) results between the groups, reporting safe responses in 66% (JAHS) and 67% (SAC) of the items.Discussion and conclusion: Junior and senior South African amateur rugby players lacked approximately one-third of essential concussion knowledge, which may lead to a display of unsafe attitudes/behaviours to concussion and RTP. Further research is warranted to inform educational programmes on concussion among rugby players.

scholarly journals Prevalence And Factors Associated With Psychological Distress Among Pregnant Women Attending The Antenatal Clinic At A National Referral Hospital In Uganda.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Sembatya ◽  
Justine Namuli ◽  
Judith Ajeani ◽  
Sam Ononge
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
P Value ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background: Psychological distress (PD) among pregnant women has a bearing both on the mother and the outcome of the pregnancy and is thus a public health problem. It is a precursor for other severe mental health conditions that include anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and so if screened and diagnosed early it can prevent progress to severe mental illness. PD has however not been screened among pregnant women and thus no available data in Uganda. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with PD among pregnant women at Kawempe hospital Uganda.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 530 pregnant women attending antenatal care at Kawempe hospital Uganda. The SRQ-20 tool was used to screen for PD and data on socio-demographic and clinical factors was collected using a. socio-demographic questionnaire and medical records respectively. Descriptive statistics were applied to determine the prevalence of PD and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess for factors associated with PD among pregnant women.Results: The prevalence of PD was 19.1% , while having a fair/bad relationship with the spouse (P-value =0.007), a low monthly income (p-value = 0.013), and having less than two meals a day (P-value =0.022). were independently associated with PDConclusion: Approximately one in five pregnant women receiving ANC at Kawempe hospital has PD. This study therefore supports the need for integration of mental health assessment into the antenatal care package of women at Kawempe hospital and Uganda at large

scholarly journals Factors associated with risk sexual behaviours of HIV/STDs infection among university students in Henan, China: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoan Du ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Hong Luo ◽  
Wenlong Rong ◽  
Xianxin Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sexual Behaviours

Abstract Background This study aimed to identify factors associated with risk sexual behaviours and target high-risk groups at risk of HIV/STDs infection among university students. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 November to 31 December 2020 in one university, located in Henan Province. A total of 1602 individuals who reported having ever had sex were analyzed as the subjects of this study. Descriptive analysis and multivariable logistic regression analysis were applied for this study to assess factors associated with risk sexual behaviours among university students. Results University students who reported having ever had sex accounted for about 9%, with an average age of 19.37 ± 1.03. Of them, having multiple sexual partners and inconsistent condom use during the last 6 months were 37.3% and 35%, respectively. Over 50% of participants had their sexual debut before the age of 18. Bisexual students (AOR = 0.27; 95% CI 0.16, 0.44) and those who lived on over 3000 Yuan per month (AOR = 0.50; 95% CI 0.28, 0.91) were consistently less likely to engage in condom use during the last 6 months. University students who were from high-grade (AOR = 1.56; 95% CI 1.12, 2.18 for sophomore; AOR = 1.84; 95% CI 1.28, 2.65 for junior; AOR = 2.07; 95% CI 1.38, 3.11 for senior), who lived on over 3,000 Yuan per month (AOR = 4.19; 95% CI 2.17, 8.11) or who reported being homosexual (AOR = 3.92; 95% CI 2.17, 7.06) and bisexual (AOR = 33.22; 95% CI 13.11, 84.15) were more likely to have multiple sexual relationships. University students who had sexual debut before the age of 18 were more likely to engage in risk sexual behaviours. Conclusions The prevalence of sexual activity among Chinese university students is generally low, but risk sexual behaviours are of considerable concern. University students with higher living expenses, who are not heterosexual and who are younger at first sexual intercourse tend to engage in risk sexual behaviours. The scale-up of intervention is the need to prevent the expansion of the HIV epidemic among young students.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Food Insecurity in Collegiate Athletes Warrants Unique Solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 239-239
Author(s):  
Wesley Mayeux ◽  
Simone Camel ◽  
Crystal Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Us

Abstract Objectives Food insecurity is a public health concern in the US. Collegiate student-athletes may be at increased risk due to the nutritional and physical demands of performance and, limited time for employment and food preparation/intake. The objective of this study was to determine the rate of food insecurity and its characteristics among The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) student-athletes. Methods A cross-sectional analysis of student-athletes attending a public university in rural East Texas in 2018 was conducted. A 26-item questionnaire including sociodemographic characteristics and the six-item U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module (US-HFSSM), adapted to reflect the prior six months while training, was administered electronically to NCAA student-athletes. Each affirmative response to the US-HFSSM was given a score of “1” and summed to create a raw score ranging from 0–6. Participants with a score of 0–1 were considered food secure; those with a score of 2–4 (low food secure) or 5–6 (very low food secure) were considered food insecure. Results Ninety-one student-athletes (27% response rate) representing 13 sports completed the questionnaire. Participants were 19.81 ± 1.3 years old, mostly female (85.7%), Caucasian (67%), and of normal weight (BMI of 18.5–24.9 kg/m2; 74.7%). Nearly half (39.6%) reported food insecurity despite receiving wide-ranging assistance via scholarship support (86.1%) and/or the possession of a meal plan (42.9%). Food insecure participants reported limited money (25%) and time (19.4%) as barriers to food intake. Independent-samples t tests were conducted to compare grade point average (GPA) and BMI of food secure and food insecure groups. GPA was lower in the food insecure (M = 3.26, SD = .52) than the food secure group (M = 3.58, SD = .41); (t(63) = 3.06, P = .003) while BMI was higher in the food insecure (M = 24.05, SD = 3.56) than the food secure group (M = 22.85, SD = 2.17); (t(52) = –1.807, P = .077). Conclusions Despite the provision of scholarships and meal plans, the prevalence of food insecurity reported among NCAA student-athletes was similar to previous reports among the general collegiate population. Unique solutions that address the increased nutrient demands and time constraints associated with sport participation are warranted. Funding Sources N/A.

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