Changes of Gastric pH, Free Acidity and Total Acidity in Anticholinergics and Cimitidine Pretreated Groups of Pre-and Post-anesthesia in Surgical Patients

1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Youn Sook Oh ◽  
Choon Hi Lee
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ph ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Free Acidity

scholarly journals Effect of Monotherapy and Combination Therapy of Pantoprazole and Aprepitant in Gastric Esophageal Reflux Disease in Albino Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamleshwar Shukla ◽  
Prince Raj ◽  
Arun Kumar ◽  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Gaurav Kaithwas
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Gastric Ph ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Free Acidity ◽  
Esophageal Reflux ◽  
Sham Control ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Stress Parameters

The present study was undertaken to elucidate the effect of pantoprazole and aprepitant on experimental esophagitis in albino rats. Groups of rats, fasted overnight, received normal saline (3 mL/kg, sham control) or toxic control (3 mL/kg) or pantoprazole (30 mg/kg) or aprepitant (10 mg/kg), or their combinations and were subjected to pylorus and forestomach ligation. Animals were sacrificed after 8 h and evaluated for the gastric pH, volume of gastric juices, total acidity, esophagitis index, and free acidity. Esophageal tissues were further subjected to estimations of TBARS, GSH, catalase, and SOD. Treatment with pantoprazole and aprepitant significantly inhibited the gastric secretion, total acidity, and esophagitis index. The treatment also helped to restore the altered levels oxidative stress parameters to normal.

scholarly journals Effect ofPerilla frutescensFixed Oil on Experimental Esophagitis in Albino Wistar Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekta Arya ◽  
Sudipta Saha ◽  
Shubhini A. Saraf ◽  
Gaurav Kaithwas
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Gastric Ph ◽  
Perilla Frutescens ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Free Acidity ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Anticholinergic Activity ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters

The present study was undertaken to elucidate the effect ofPerilla frutescensfixed oil on experimental esophagitis in albino rats. A group of rats (n=6), treated with control vehicle (0.9% NaCl in double distilled water, 3 mL/kg, i.p.) andPerilla frutescensfixed oil (100%) (1, 2, and 3 mL/kg, i.p.), or pantoprazole (30 mg/kg, i.p.), were subjected to pylorus and forestomach ligation. Animals were sacrificed after 6 h and evaluated for the gastric pH, volume of gastric juices, total acidity, esophagitis index and free acidity. Esophageal tissues were further subjected to estimations of TBARS, GSH, catalase, and SOD. Treatment with fixed oil significantly inhibited the gastric secretion, total acidity, and esophagitis index. The oil also helped to restore the altered levels of oxidative stress parameters to normal. The present study also makes evident thein vitroantihistaminic and anticholinergic activity of alpha linolenic acid (ALA) (18 : 3,n−3) on isolated rat ileum preparation. The lipoxygenase inhibitory, histamine antagonistic, antisecretory (anticholinergic), and antioxidant activity of the oil was attributed for its efficacy in reflux esophagitis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anti-Ulcer Activity of Garcinia cambogia in Experimentally Induced Ulcer in Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
G. P. Sharook ◽  
Prasanna Shama Khandige ◽  
K. C. Bharath Raj
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Gastric Ph ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Free Acidity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Ulcer Index ◽  
Garcinia Cambogia ◽  
Ulcerogenic Activity ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Peptic ulcer is the most common gastrointestinal disorder that world faces at present. Garcinia cambogia is one of the folk plants used by the people to treat various ailments to attain health benefits.  Every part of the plant has various activities which can eradicate maximum health issues. The present study is aimed to investigate the gastro-protective and anti-ulcerogenic activity of ethanolic extract of Garcinia cambogia. The ethanolic extract was tested orally in doses of 200 mg/kg and 400mg/kg which was obtained from the acute oral toxicity studies on gastric ulcerations experimentally induced by pylorus ligation and ethanol in rats. Comparison of the drug effect is done with the effect of standard drugs, omeprazole (30 mg/kg) and sucralfate (100 mg/kg). The parameters like gastric pH, gastric acid volume, total acidity, free acidity and ulcer index are assessed.The ethanolic extract showed an activity in a dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg with a reduction in the gastric volume, total acidity, free acidity, ulcer index and raise in the gastric pH when compared to that of ulcer control group. A gastro-protective and anti-ulcerogenic activity is shown by the extract of Garcinia cambogia both in ethanol induced ulcer model and pylorus ligated ulcer model.At the concluding point, extract of Garcinia cambogia was found to possess a very good gastroprotective and anti-ulcerogenic property. The results of the study revealed the further uses of the leaves of this plant in the treatment of ulcers in the stomach.

scholarly journals Gastroprotective Effect of Sinapic Acid on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats: Involvement of Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB Signaling and Antiapoptotic Role

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Raish ◽  
Mudassar Shahid ◽  
Yousef A. Bin Jardan ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari ◽  
Khalid M. Alkharfy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Free Acidity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Gastric Juice Volume

Background: In the current study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of sinapic acid (SA) in terms of the mechanism underlying its gastroprotective action against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats.Methods: These effects were examined through gross macroscopic evaluation of the stomach cavity [gastric ulcer index (GUI)], alteration in pH, gastric juice volume, free acidity, total acidity, total gastric wall mucus, and changes in PGE2. In addition, we evaluated lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), antioxidant systems (catalase and glutathione), inflammatory markers [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and myeloperoxidase (MPO)], apoptotic markers (caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2), nuclear factor-κB [NF-κB (p65)], NO levels, and histopathological staining (H and E and PAS).Results: In rats with ethanol-induced ulcers, pre-treatment with SA (40 mg/kg p. o.) decreased the sternness of ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injuries by decreasing the GUI, gastric juice volume, free acidity, and total acidity. In addition, the pH and total gastric mucosa were increased, together with histopathological alteration, neutrophil incursion, and increases in PGE2 and NO2. These effects were similar to those observed for omeprazole, a standard anti-ulcer drug. SA was shown to suppress gastric inflammation through decreasing TNF-α, IL-6, and MPO, as well as curbing gastric oxidative stress through the inhibition of lipid peroxidation (MDA) and restoration of depleted glutathione and catalase activity. SA inhibited Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) and caspase-3 activity, and restored the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2; these findings indicate the antiapoptotic potential of SA, leading to enhanced cell survival. SA also repressed NF-κB signaling and increased IκBα. Moreover, SA upregulated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), thereby restoring depleted antioxidant defense enzymes and implicating the NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathways.Conclusion: These results suggest that the prophylactic administration of SA (40 mg/kg) can ameliorate ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats primarily via the modulation of Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB signaling and subsequent enhancement of cell viability.

scholarly journals Effect of Trianthema triquetra Rottl. ex Willed (Aizoaceae) on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in experimental rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hira Ijaz ◽  
◽  
Saiqa Ishtiaq ◽  
Faryal Rubab ◽  
Ans Munir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Gastric Wall ◽  
Gastric Volume ◽  
Gastric Ph ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treated Animal ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Ulcer Index ◽  
Standard Drug

Trianthema triquetra Rottl. Ex.Willed (T. triquetra) is a medicinal plant that belongs to the family Aizoaceae. The plant has been used traditionally as fodder, as a remedy for chronic ulcer, fever, and healing wounds. Therefore, the present study was intended to investigate the anti-ulcer ability of different fractions of T. triquetra to verify its folklore use in ulcer cure. Acute oral toxicity of all the fractions of T. triquetra was evaluated at a dose of 2g/kg b.wt. Anti-ulcer potential of nbutanol (TTB), chloroform (TTC), ethyl acetate (TTEA) and aqueous (TTA) fraction of crude methanolic extract of T. triquetra was assessed by using ethanol- induced gastric ulcer model in rats. Omeprazole at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.wt. was used as standard drug. After 1 hour of administration of all the fractions of T. triquetra, at a dosage of 300mg/kg b.wt., the gastric ulcer was induced in all animals by administering absolute ethanol (1mL/animal) orally except normal control group. After an hour, all the rats were sacrificed. Ulcer index, % age of ulcer inhibition, gastric pH, gastric volume, total acidity, gastric wall protein, gastric wall mucus and histopathology of the stomach wall of rats were assessed. All fractions of T. triquetra showed a substantial decrease in ulcer index and improvement in percentage inhibition compared to the disease control group. There was a rise in the amount of gastric wall mucus content, total protein content, gastric pH and a decrease in gastric volume and total acidity. Histopathological studies showed severe mucosal injury, leucocyte infiltration and edema in the disease control group compared to omeprazole and plant fractions treated animal groups. The present work encourages the conventional use of T. triquetra in the cure of ulcers.

scholarly journals Raman Spectroscopy and Chemometric Modeling to Predict Physical-Chemical Honey Properties from Campeche, Mexico

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 4091
Author(s):  
F. Anguebes-Franseschi ◽  
M. Abatal ◽  
Lucio Pat ◽  
A. Flores ◽  
A. V. Córdova Quiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Redox Potential ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Free Acidity

In this work, 10 chemometric models based on Raman spectroscopy were constructed to predict the physicochemical properties of honey produced in the state of Campeche, Mexico. The properties of honey studied were pH, moisture, total soluble solids (TSS), free acidity, lactonic acidity, total acidity, electrical conductivity, Redox potential, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and ash content. These proprieties were obtained according to the methods described by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Codex Alimentarius, and the International Honey Commission. For the construction of the chemometric models, 189 honey samples were collected and analyzed in triplicate using Raman spectroscopy to generate the matrix data [X], which were correlated with each of the physicochemical properties [Y]. The predictive capacity of each model was determined by cross validation and external validation, using the statistical parameters: standard error of calibration (SEC), standard error of prediction (SEP), coefficient of determination of cross-validation (R2cal), coefficient of determination for external validation (R2val), and Student’s t-test. The statistical results indicated that the chemometric models satisfactorily predict the humidity, TSS, free acidity, lactonic acidity, total acidity, and Redox potential. However, the models for electric conductivity and pH presented an acceptable prediction capacity but not adequate to supply the conventional processes, while the models for predicting ash content and HMF were not satisfactory. The developed models represent a low-cost tool to analyze the quality of honey, and contribute significantly to increasing the honey distribution and subsequently the economy of the region.

scholarly journals Sensory Profile and Physico-Chemical Properties of Artisanal Honey from Zulia, Venezuela

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyanira Araujo ◽  
Pilar Ruiz Pérez-Cacho ◽  
Salud Serrano ◽  
Rafaela Dios-Palomares ◽  
Hortensia Galán-Soldevilla
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Free Acidity ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Colour Intensity ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Mean

The physico-chemical parameters and the sensory profile were determined in honeys from apiaries of the Mara and Maracaibo of Zulia State (Venezuela). The analysis of variance showed that there were no significant differences in the mean value between apiaries for most of the physicochemical parameters and sensory attributes. The obtained value for pH (3.58–4.08), free acidity (30.9–36.0 meq/kg), lactone acidity (9.0–14.3 meq/kg), total acidity (42.1–46.0 meq/kg), moisture content (19.1–20.0%), diastase activity (8.11–12.7 ºG), colour intensity (41.5–86.6 mm Pfund), hydroxymethylfurfural (15.7–26.0 mg/kg), and electrical conductivity (0.33–0.52 mS/cm) were within the criteria set by international quality regulations. The sensory profile of these honeys is characterized by being amber in colour, with a floral, acid fruit, balsamic and animal odour/aroma, a sweet, slightly acid taste, and by being fluid and of a medium persistence.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF THE ANTI-ULCER ACTIVITY OF GRAPE (VITIS VINIFERA) SEED EXTRACT IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS AGAINST HYDROCHLORIC ACID – ETHANOL INDUCED ULCER MODEL

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Anand M Ingale ◽  
Dr. Venkata Bharatkumar Pinnelli ◽  
Dr. Vijaya Rajendran
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Gastric Volume ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Antiulcer Activity ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Free Acidity ◽  
Ulcer Model

Background:Herbal products are finding increasing demand in the treatment of Peptic ulcer, on account of their better safety and efficacy.Objectives:To evaluate the anti-ulcer activity of ethanolic extract of seeds of Vitis Vinifera in Wistar albino rats.Methods:The ethanolic extract of Vitis Vinifera was investigated for its anti-ulcer activity in rats against HCl – Ethanol induced ulcer model. The antiulcer activity was assessed by determining and comparing gastric volume, pH, free and total acidity; ulcer number and its inhibition, ulcer severity and ulcer index.Results:A significant antiulcer activity was observed. The grape seed 100mg/kg group showed significant [p < 0.05] reduction in ulcer number 30.00 ± 3.23 as compared to the control. The grape seed 200mg/kg showed significant [p < 0.05] reduction in ulcer number 27.33 ± 2.97, free acidity 20.00 ± 2.26, and gastric lesion18.00 ± 2.96 as compared to the control.Conclusion:This present study indicates that Vitis vinifera seed extract has potential anti ulcer activity in the model tested. Keywords: Vitis vinifera, Anti-ulcer, Ethanol, Free acidity, Total acidity

Assessment of Hepatoprotective and Antiulcer Activity of Launaea aspleniifolia Hook in Laboratory Animals

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-712
Author(s):  
Sadik Ali ◽  
AnupMaiti ◽  
Vishal Kumar Vishwakarma ◽  
Kumar Ajay
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Volume ◽  
Direct Bilirubin ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Antiulcer Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Free Acidity ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background: Launaea aspleniifolia Hook (Family Asteraceae) is used traditionally in medicine in Indian system for the treatment of leucoderma. This study was conducted to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antiulcer effects using the methanolic extract of Launaea aspleniifolia Hook (MELA). Methods: The MELA in the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) was administered orally, daily for 7 days to prevent the acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity and peptic ulcer. In order to determine the antioxidant enzymes activity, various enzymatic parameters including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBL), direct bilirubin (DBL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), high density lipoproteins (HDL), random glucose test (RBS), serum creatinine levels (SCL) and direct bilirubin (DBL) were determined. Further, the histopathology of tissue and various gastric secretion parameters like free acidity, total acidity ulcer score, % ulcer inhibition, gastric volume, pH, Na+ and K+ and histopathology were determined in PLinduced ulcer model. Results: MELA showed dose-dependent hepatoprotective and ulcer protective effect in acetaminopheninduced hepatotoxicity and antiulcer activity. Furthermore, tissue antioxidant parameter such as reduced Malondialdehyde (MDA), histopathology was also investigated. MELA was more potent in controlling all the serological parameter of liver like ALT, AST, TBL, DBL, ALP, HDL, RBS, SCL, TP and ALB in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05) induced by Acetaminophen. Apart from this, antiulcer activity MELA was confirmed by the low level of ulcer index along with the reduction of free acidity, total acidity ulcer score, % ulcer inhibition, gastric volume, Na+ and an increase K+, pH of gastric content in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05) induced PL model. Conclusion: The results indicated a significant dose-dependent effect of MELA from injuries induced in liver and stomach. These protective effects of MELA can be examined in various other toxicities as alone and in combinations.

Effect of palonosetron (5HT-3 antagonist) and pantoprazole (proton pump inhibitor) against surgical esophagitis induced by forestomach and pylorus ligation in albino rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kumar ◽  
S Gautam ◽  
JK Rawat ◽  
M Singh ◽  
SA Saraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Gastric Volume ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Free Acidity ◽  
Sham Control ◽  
Pylorus Ligation ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

This study was embarked upon to evaluate the effects of pantoprazole and palonosetron on experimental esophagitis in albino wistar rats. Groups of rats, fasted for 36 h, were subjected to pylorus and forestomach ligation, supervened by treatment with normal saline (3 ml/kg, po, sham control), esophagitis control (3 ml/kg, po), pantoprazole (30 mg/kg, po), palonosetron (0.5 mg/kg, po), and their combination. Animals were sacrificed after 12 h and appraised for the volume of gastric juices, total acidity, free acidity, and esophagitis index. Esophageal tissues were further figured out biochemically for markers of oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators. The combination therapy comparably inhibited the esophagitis index (52.86%), gastric volume (66.04%), free acidity (43.76%), and total acidity (42.60%) in comparison with toxic control. The combination therapy also subsidized the biochemical and inflammatory markers to the purview less than toxic control. The morphological changes were scrutinized by scanning electron microscopy and were observed to demonstrate momentous protection by the amalgamation therapy. Combination therapy with pantoprazole and palonosetron flaunted sententious protection against experimental esophagitis.

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