scholarly journals Realisme en representasie in wetenskap en literatuur

Literator ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-59
Author(s):  
M. E. Botha
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Science And Literature ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Science Philosophy ◽  
The One ◽  
Theory Ladenness

Although there are important areas of overlap, the problem of realism differs in the contexts of philosophy, science and literature. What is common to all three realms is the fact that the empiricist notion of objectivity is not tenable any more. The recognition of the theory ladenness of scientific observation and the commentary ladenness of interpretation in literature is in fundamental contrast with the older views of objectivity which have dominated the scene for such a long time. The notion of realism inherent in this older view of objectivity in which science, philosophy or literature somehow “mirrors” the world, has fundamentally been affected by the overthrow of the objectivist tradition through developments in philosophy of science and developments in metaphor theory in which the emphasis on “literal” descriptions of reality have made way for the recognition of the relative distinction between the literal and the metaphorical. Both science and literature have acknowledged the possibility of a potential plurality of possible interpretations of “reality”. This means that as many “realities” exist as interpretations of reality and of texts are possible. This has confronted both science and literature with the need for a fundamentally revised notion of “realism” and of truth and has posed the very real problem of the (im-)possibility of convergence toward truth, reality or the one and only “correct” interpretation.

scholarly journals Autism, Equity, and How the Journal Came to Be

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Megan Krasnodembski ◽  
Stephanie Côté ◽  
Jonathan Lai
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Canadian Society ◽  
Residential Settings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
The World ◽  
Culture Of Fear ◽  
The One

Over the past year a pandemic has swept across the world and, unsurprisingly, revealed gross inequalities across all aspects of life. We saw this in the constant pandemic media coverage that overlooked the experiences of the disability community and, more specifically, the autism community, at least at first. Furthermore, let us not forget in the early days of the pandemic that in countries such as Italy, people without disabilities were prioritized for life-saving machines (Andrews et al., 2020; Lund & Ayers, 2020), contributing to a culture of fear for the one in five Canadians with a disability (Morris et al., 2018) about what would happen to them here. As COVID-19 reached Canadian shores we saw this pattern of inequity quickly replicated within our society. For instance, Canadians with developmental disabilities, such as autism, living in residential settings did not receive the same level of support as those living in different kinds of residences such as retirement residences (Abel & Lai, 2020). Likewise, the initial claims that only people with ‘preexisting conditions’ were at risk implied that those at risk were somehow less valuable to society. Nothing has highlighted the very real problem and extent of ableism within Canadian society as a whole more than these injustices arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, and this is what planted the seed for the Canadian Journal of Autism Equity (CJAE). 

scholarly journals Electric Gadgets Surveillance and Controlling Sys-tems Based on Internet of Things (IoT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2222-2227
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Video Processing ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Video Surveillance System ◽  
Intelligent Video Surveillance System ◽  
The World ◽  
Processing Abilities ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The One

Over the last few a long time, brilliant infrastructure growths were noticed in safety-related troubles during the world. So, with multiplied call for for Security, Video-based Surveillance has grown to be an essential location for the research. An Intelligent Video Surveillance system essentially censored the performance, happenings, or converting data normally in terms of humans, cars or every other item from a distance by way of some electronic equipment (normally virtual digital camera). The scopes like prevention, detection, and intervention that have brought about the improvement of real and constant video surveillance structures can shrewd video processing abilities. In wide phrases, superior video-based surveillance could be defined as a shrewd video processing approach designed to help protect personnel by imparting reliable real-time alerts and to support green video evaluation for forensic investigations. This chapter offers the diverse requirements for designing a robust and reliable video surveillance machine. Also, it is mentioned the one-ofa-kind kinds of cameras required in one of a kind environmental conditions together with indoor and out of doors surveillance. Different modeling schemes are required for designing green surveillance machines under numerous illumination conditions.

scholarly journals Metaphor in Funny Language

2018 ◽  
Vol 222 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Asst. Instructor: Ayad Enad Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Written Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Life Education ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article highlights different ways of metaphorical use in language and shows its potential in attracting the readers' attention. Language as a biological being lives its own life witnessing never-ending changes: falling outs and newly built elements. We enrich our language not only by new elements but also by new styles and reusing of existing sources. One of these ways which makes language more alive and active is metaphor. Metaphor nowadays is found in all the fields of life, education, medicine, policy and everyday life. Metaphor, in fact, reflects the relationship of language to culture and the world of ideas. Language, on the one hand, is a repository of culture; the traditions, proverbs, and knowledge of our ancestors. On the other hand, language is the mirror of the world of ideas. People reflect their new ideas in using language in new ways, even such devices as paintings and riddles. Metaphor has many shapes and is found in spoken and written language, graphics, cartoon or caricature, riddles, jokes and paintings to express novel shades of meanings, e.g., metaphor in newspaper photos, magazines or even in advertisements attracts the attention of readers and are memorized for a long time. Metaphoric use is also a way of enjoying the readers. It is used for both real and logical aims such as; warnings, advises, or invitations ...etc

scholarly journals DIGITAL ACCOUNTS AFTER DEATH: A CASE STUDY IN IRAN LAW

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 153-182
Author(s):  
Abbas Mirshekari ◽  
Ramin Ghasemi ◽  
Alireza Fattahi
Keyword(s):  
Digital Information ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Public ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One

In recent times, cyberspace is being widely used so that everyone has a digital account. It naturally entails its own legal issues. Undoubtedly, one of the main issues is that what fate awaits the account and its content upon the account holder’s death? This issue has been neglected not only by the primary creators of digital accounts but also by many legal systems in the world, including Iran. To answer this question, we first need to distinguish between the account and the information contained therein. The account belongs to the company that creates it and allows the user to use it only. Hence, following the death of the account holder, the account will be lost but the information will remain because it was created by him/her and thus belongs to him/her. However, does this mean that the information will be inherited by the user’s heirs after his/her death? Can the user exercise his/her right to transfer account content to a devisee through a testament? Comparing digital information with corporeal property, some commentators believe that the property will be inherited like corporeal property. This is a wrong deduction because the corporeal property can disclose the privacy of the owner and third parties less than the one in cyberspace. This paper aims to show what happens to a digital account after its user passes away and examine the subject using the content analysis method in various legal systems in the world, especially in Iran as a case study. The required information is collected from law books, articles, doctrines, case laws, and relevant laws and regulations of different countries. To protect the privacy interests of the deceased and others, it is concluded that the financially valuable information published by the account holder before his/her death can be transferred to successors. As a rule, the information that may violate privacy by divulging should be removed. However, given that this information may be a valuable source in the future to know about the present, legislators are suggested to make digital information, which may no longer lead to the invasion of the decedent’s privacy, available to the public after a long time.

scholarly journals Rekontruksi Nilai-Nilai Konsep Tritangtu Sunda Sebagai Metode Penciptaan Teater Ke Dalam Bentuk Teater Kontemporer

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Tatang Rusmana
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Reception Theory ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
New Creation ◽  
Mise En Scene ◽  
The World ◽  
New Form ◽  
Life Philosophy ◽  
Contemporary Theater ◽  
The One

Konsep filosofi Tritangtu Sunda, sebagai falsafah hidup masyarakat Sunda di Kabupaten Bandung. memiliki tiga makna penting tentang pembagian dunia, tiga dunia itu yakni Buana Nyungcung (Dunia Atas, simbolnya; Langit, Air, dan Perempuan), Buana Larang (Dunia Bawah, simbolnya; Bumi, Tanah, dan Laki-laki), dan Buana Pancatengah (Dunia Tengah, simbolnya; Batu, Manusia, Laki-laki dan Perempuan). Tritangtu Sunda merupakan perspektif penyatuan tiga dunia dalam kehidupan masyarakat petani. Penyatuan tersebut yaitu perkawinan Buana Nyungcung dengan Buana Larang, dan Buana Pancatengah-lah yang menyatukannya. Konsep Tritangtu Sunda berpengaruh terhadap seni tutur Wawacan yang lazim ditampilkan ke dalam Seni Beluk. Wawacan inilah yang ikut membentuk pikiran kolektif masyarakat Sunda. Wawacan yang menjadi sumber penelitian disertasi ini adalah “Wawacan Nata Sukma” yang ditulis anonim oleh masyarakat Banjaran, Kabupaten Bandung tahun 1833 M (abad ke-19) dalam masa “tanam paksa” untuk menanam kopi di Pangalengan. Tritangtu Sunda  akan difungsikan sebagai perangkat penciptaan seni teater berbasis teater kontemporer (terutama penyutradaraan). Penelitian menggunakan penajaman teori resepsi Isser, untuk mengaktualisasikan karya dengan cara yang berbeda, karena tidak ada tafsir tunggal yang benar (Culler, 2003). Pendekatan lain pendapat George Land dari teori transformasi, diartikan sebagai sebuah kreasi baru atau perubahan ke bentuk yang baru baik secara fungsi maupun strukturnya. “To transform”, berarti mengkreasikan yang baru yang belum pernah ada sebelumnya, transformasi juga bisa berarti perubahan “polapikir”. Perangkat penelitian menggunakan metoda yang disarankan Schechner (2002 dan 2004) dan metode mise en scene yang dirumuskan oleh Patrice Pavis. The concept of the Sunda Tritangtu philosophy, is the life philosophy of the Sundanese community including in Bandung regency. Derived from this philosophy are three important meanings of the division of the world, the three worlds are Buana Nyungcung (Upper  world, its symbols: Heavens, Water, and Woman), Buana Larang (Underworld, symbols; Earth, Land and Man), and Buana Pancatengah (Middle world, symbol: Stone, Man, Man and Woman). The Sundanese Tritangtu is the perspective of the unification of the three aforementioned worlds in peasant life. The union is the marriage of Buana Nyungcung with Buana Larang, and Buana Pancatengah is the one that unites it. The concept of the Sundanese Tritangtu influences the art of Wawacan speech that is commonly integrated into the art of Beluk. Wawacan is a contributing factor in what helped shape the collective minds of the Sundanese people. Wawacan, which is the source of this dissertation research, is "Wawacan Nata Sukma”, written anonymously by Banjaran society, Regency of Bandung in 1833 AD (19th century) during "Cultuurstelsel" to grow coffee in Pangalengan. Sunda Tritangtu functions as a tool for the creation of theater based contemporary theater modalities (especially directing). This research uses Isser's reception theory, to actualize the work in different ways. There is no single correct interpretation (Culler, 2003). Another approach of George Land's opinion of the theory of transformation, defined as a new creation or change to a new form both in function and structure. "To transform", means creating a new one that has never existed before, transformation can also mean a change of "mindset". The research used Schechner's method (2004 and 2004) and the mise en scene method formulated by Patrice Pavis.

scholarly journals Interaction of Art and Science in the Context of Synergetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana S. Akhromeeva ◽  
Georgy G. Malinetsky ◽  
Sergey A. Posashkov
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Science And Art ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Science Philosophy ◽  
The One

The article considers the interaction of science and art, as well as the development of Science Art from the standpoint of the theory of self-organization and the theory of humanitarian-technological revolution. The world is at the point of bifurcation defining the future. The choice of the further trajectory will be largely determined by what is happening in the emotional and intuitive spaces. This, in turn, depends on the deve­lopment of art, science, philosophy. The article discus­ses alternative futures and the role of culture in them.Charles Snow wrote about a gap between the two cultures — natural science, answering the question “How?” and looking into the future, and humanities, answering the question “What?” and often reflec­ting on the past.The growing gap between the two cultures prevents the civilization from relying to the necessary extent on scientific knowledge and leads to its devaluation. The authors show the importance of the “exchange of metaphors” between science and art, allowing to build bridges over the gap of two cultures. Another way to connect these two spaces is the development of interdisciplinary approaches, in particular, the theory of self-organization, or synergetics. In the 1970s, synergetics was conceived as a language that allowed humanitarians, specialists in natural sciences and mathe­maticians to discuss, formulate and pose common problems, while remaining, nevertheless, in the space of science. Now the central interdisciplinary problem is the study of not only the rational (as du­ring the last three centuries), but also the emotional and intuitive space of human and society.Currently, there are two forecasts materializing — the one of D. Bell, on the transition from the industrial phase of development to the post-industrial, from the world of technology to the world of people, and the one of N.A. Berdyaev, on the transition from the Se­cond Antiquity to the Second Middle Ages. The article shows how this will change the culture itself and its place in society.

UKRAINIAN LITERARY EMIGRATION: MODELS OF „ABSENT PRESENCE” IN MATERNAL WRITING

2019 ◽  
pp. 358-368
Author(s):  
Lyudmyla Tarnashinska
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Artistic Style ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The One ◽  
Absent Presence ◽  
Emigre Writers ◽  
Harsh Conditions

The article focuses on various aspects and peculiarities of Ukrainian literary emigration – from the need to surround other people’s space with the whole complex of psychological, socio-cultural, creative problems – to the re-accentu- ation of the notions of motherland / stranger, center / periphery, etc. In this context, various individual views on the notion of a homeland as a territory and a homeland as a spiritual, metaphysical substance are considered. It is noted that under the conditions of a closed system of totalitarianism, this was perhaps the only opportunity to perceive the intellectual, philosophical, artistic-style impulses of the world not only through the mediation of Russian and Polish translation, but also directly within other cultures. Writers outside Ukraine produced other models of world perception – hence the explanation of a broad map of scattering of Ukrainian emigrants. The emigre writers integrated into a strange world, the world of the Other is not as Alien, where, accordingly, there is a dominant, “central” or dominant culture and culture marginal, peripheral, brought from other ethnic territories and communities. On the one hand, they got the freedom of creativity, and on the other hand, they were limited by harsh conditions of survival (most of them had to work for a long time on different jobs). Open to change, they were guided by the guideline to maintain a certain balance between their / stranger to balance the images of their homeland / stranger. The received “gift of freedom” tried to convey creativity, “liberating” itself from traditional aesthetics, instead seeking the new, “unburied aesthetics”. Different models of “absent presence” of diasporic writers in mainland Ukrainian literature (B. Boychuk, B. Rubchak, I. Koshelevets, Emma Andievskaya, Vera Vovk, Anna-Galya Gorbach, Martha and Ostap Tarnavsky, etc.) are analyzed in the article. Some of them tried to legalize their presence in the Ukrainian socio-cultural space still far from gaining independence from Ukraine; others have proven active in the Ukrainian cultural environment since the 1990’s. The author stresses the need to study the holistic image of Ukrainian literature, including the study of mentality, psychological peculiarities of emigration writers.

scholarly journals What the children of the world demand from television. Comparative International Research between 6 countries

Comunicar ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Merlo-Flores
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The World ◽  
World Demand ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Levels

This field research aims to understand the way in which the children of the world relate to television and what they expect from it, that is how they wish it to be in the future. One of the distinctive characteristics of this research is that there is no adult interference or mediation, the children respond directly to the television, which ensures that the replies are real life stories filled with emotion and imagination. The successive analysis of the material collected (more than 15.000 letters and drawings form all the countries), allow us to distinguish different levels of interpretation: on the one hand, all the elements that are common to all children regardless of cultural, geographical or economic differences of the context and on the other hand, the specific characterization of the demands on television related to region, country and geographical areas within each country. The globalization vs. localization phenomenon clearly appears in the results of this comparative research work, evident in similar expressions in the replies to many of the enquiries that the researchers have been asking for a long time, but from a perspective that integrates different theories traditionally though of as contradictory. The type of themes, values, what they like, what scares children, where we detect violence, what they would like the content to be, how they wish to participate etc, are just a few of the answers that the children provide us with their letters, drawings and emails. An extremely rigorous cuanti-cualitative method allows us to believe that we have respected what is really happening in the children's world in this time of media and images and that the message they transmit is sufficiently clear and strong as to serve us adults as a guide in the search for quality television. Esta investigación de campo pretende conocer la forma en que los niños del mundo se relacionan con la televisión y básicamente qué esperan de ella, es decir cómo querrían que fuera en el futuro. Una de las características que hacen a esta investigación diferente es que no hubo mediación adulta sino que los niños le contestan directamente a la televisión, lo que hace de las respuestas verdaderas historias de vida llenas de emotividad e imaginación. Los sucesivos análisis del material recolectado (más de 15.000 cartas y dibujos de todos los países), nos permiten distinguir diferentes niveles de interpretación: por un lado los elementos que son comunes a todos los niños sin importar las diferencias culturales, geográficas, o económicas de los diferentes contextos y por el otro la caracterización específica de las demandas que le hacen a la televisión y que tienen relación con las regiones, países y zonas geográficas dentro de cada país. El mentado fenómeno de la globalización Vs. la localización aparece con meridiana claridad en los resultados de este trabajo de investigación comparativo, respondiendo desde las mismas expresiones de los niños a muchos de los interrogantes que los investigadores nos venimos haciendo desde hace mucho tiempo, pero desde una mirada y con una perspectiva que integra diferentes teorías que tradicionalmente se han considerado contradictorias. El tipo de temáticas, los valores, aquello que no les gusta, lo que les produce temor, dónde detectan la violencia, cómo querrían que fueran los contenidos, como desean participar etc, son solo algunas de las respuestas que los niños nos dan desde sus cartas, dibujos y correos electrónicos. Una metodología cuanti-cualitativa de extrema rigurosidad nos permite pensar que se ha respetado lo que realmente sucede en el mundo de los niños en esta época mediatizada por la imagen y que el mensaje que nos transmiten es suficientemente claro y fuerte como para que nos sirva a los adultos como guía en la búsqueda de una televisión de calidad.

scholarly journals Mijn God trouwt ook homo’s

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (94) ◽  
pp. 51-73
Author(s):  
Esther van der Panne
Keyword(s):  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Liberal Tradition ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The One ◽  
Liberal Culture ◽  
Church In The World

Abstract My God also weds gays The Remonstrantse Broederschap, a small liberal church, was the first church in the world that opened the wedding blessing for not-wedded couples. At the time they did so, in November 1986, that also meant: for homosexual and heterosexual couples. The process that led to this decision took a long time and was carefully structured and monitored. It went along two tracks: a discussion project in the local church communities and the realization of a new church order. This decision to give a blessing ‘to all couples that promised in the midst of the congregation to share their lives in love and faithfulness’, fits into the liberal tradition of the Remonstrant faith. This is inspired by the humanist and the protestant Christian tradition, and characterizes itself by the appreciation of openness (to contemporary society, culture, science), freedom, tolerance and responsibility. The search for collective responsibility and active tolerance, including taking a stand against discrimination (for instance of homosexuals) in public, as a church, caused internal disagreement. This disagreement seems to have its roots in a classic bourgeois decency culture on the one side and a more plural, progressive liberal culture on the other side.

scholarly journals The infection tree of global epidemics

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA PASTORE Y PIONTTI ◽  
MARCELO FERREIRA DA COSTA GOMES ◽  
NICOLE SAMAY ◽  
NICOLA PERRA ◽  
ALESSANDRO VESPIGNANI
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analytics ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Global Dynamics ◽  
The World ◽  
Spatially Extended ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
The One

The spreading of transmissible infectious diseases is inevitably entangled with the dynamics of human population. Humans are the carrier of the pathogen, and the large-scale travel and commuting patterns that govern the mobility of modern societies are defining how epidemics and pandemics travel across the world. For a long time, the development of quantitative spatially explicit models able to shed light on the global dynamics of pandemic has been limited by the lack of detailed data on human mobility. In the last 10 years, however, these limits have been lifted by the increasing availability of data generated by new information technologies, thus triggering the development of computational (microsimulation) models working at a level of single individuals in spatially extended regions of the world. Microsimulations can provide information at very detailed spatial resolutions and down to the level of single individuals. In addition, computational implementations explicitly account for stochasticity, allowing the study of multiple realizations of epidemics with the same parameters' distribution. While on the one hand these capabilities represent the richness of microsimulation methods, on the other hand they face us with a huge amount of information that requires the use of specific data reduction methods and visual analytics.

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