scholarly journals South African physiotherapists’ perspectives on the competencies needed to work in special schools for learners with special needs

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Machuene C. Manamela ◽  
Carina A. Eksteen ◽  
Bhekiwe Mtshali ◽  
Shade A.S. Olurunju
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Community Integration ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Special Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Policies And Procedures

Background: Investigation into, and description of competencies in the various sectors in which the physiotherapy profession is practised, contribute to the standardisation of practice, professional education, and guides research and administration, and is necessary in South Africa.Objective: To identify the competencies implemented by physiotherapists working in an educational setting for learners with special needs and to determine physiotherapists’ opinions on the identified competencies.Methods: A sequential mixed method research design was implemented to explore the competencies that physiotherapists implement during their intervention for children with special needs through focus group discussions (FGDs). A questionnaire based on the statements that emerged from the thematic analysis of the transcribed FGDs, and validated, was implemented in a cross-sectional survey amongst all physiotherapists employed in special schools. SPSS version 24 was used for the analysis of closed responses and thematic analysis was done on open-ended responses (n = 22).Results: The respondents’ knowledge and skills regarding physiotherapy theories and implementation ranged from ‘good’ to ‘very good’. However, integration of the therapeutic knowledge and skills in different aspects of the special educational environment, and community integration, were rated ‘poor’ to ‘fair’. Support of physiotherapists to implement policies and procedures, and to attend continuing professional development, ranged from ‘fair’ to ‘poor’.Conclusion: Lack of knowledge in educational policies and procedures in classroom strategies negatively influence the integration of therapeutic strategies in the special educational environment.Clinical implications: The contribution of our study to learners with special needs in schools was outlined.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional survey of stigma towards people with a mental illness in the general public. The role of employment, domestic noise disturbance and age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. C. Oudejans ◽  
M. E. Spits ◽  
J. van Weeghel
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Community Integration ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Public Stigma ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Noise Disturbance

Abstract Introduction Stigmatization impedes the social integration of persons recovering from mental illnesses. Little is known about characteristics of the stigmatized person that lessen or aggravate public stigma. Purpose This study investigates which characteristics of persons with mental illnesses (i.e. with a depression or a psychotic disorder) might increase or decrease the likelihood of public stigma. Methods Over 2,000 adults read one of sixteen vignettes describing a person with a depressive disorder or a psychotic disorder and answered a set of items measuring social distance. Results The person who was employed (vs. unemployed), or whose neighbors did not experience domestic noise disturbance (vs. disturbance) elicited significantly less social distance. Also persons with a depressive disorder elicited less social distance, vs. persons with a psychotic disorder. Conclusion Employment and good housing circumstances may destigmatize persons coping with mental illnesses. Mental health and social services should encourage paid employment, quality housing and other paths to community integration.

A cross sectional survey on physical fitness, mental health and associated factors in mothers of children with special needs

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
R. Jain ◽  
S. Kalra ◽  
S. Pawaria
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Special Needs Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Health And Fitness

Mothers are the primary caregivers of a child. While caring for a special needs child, workload of caring increases by manifold and taking care of these children increases physical & mental overload. There is a dearth of studies that have objectively evaluated mental health and fitness of this group. To study status of physical fitness, mental health and associated factors in mothers of special needs children a cross-sectional survey done on 100 mothers of special needs children from special schools in the Gurugram District, Haryana, India. The Harvard Step test was used to evaluate cardiac fitness. Standard tests were used to evaluate different components of musculoskeletal fitness. Depression was assessed by Beck Depression Inventory. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. The Karl Pearson correlation test was used to identify correlations between mental health and fitness components and sociodemographic characteristics. Mean age and body mass index of mothers was 36.15±2.56 years and 27.4±3.25 kg/m2, respectively. 50% of the subjects were overweight, 89% scored poor in cardiopulmonary fitness, 63% had very poor muscle endurance, and 69% had average muscular flexibility. 81% of the mothers had symptoms of clinical depression. Inverse and significant correlation was present between depression and cardiorespiratory fitness (r=-0.197), strength (r=-0.242), and endurance (r=0.209). Income, total number of children and duration of care giving were inversely correlated with depression. Positive correlation was found between type of disability and depression. There was an overall decrement in cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal fitness. Mental health was found to be poor with a large percentage of participants showing symptoms of depression.

scholarly journals Perceptions and Attitudes towards Evidence Based Practice among Nurses and Nursing Students in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Karki ◽  
R. Acharya ◽  
H. Budhwani ◽  
P. Shrestha ◽  
P. Chalise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes

Background As the evidence based practice (EBP) movement expands, there is a need for health leaders and educators in each country to assess the extent to which health professional students and practitioners are prepared to locate, evaluate, and apply evidence to guide their practice.Objective The study objective was to explore nurses’ and nursing students’ perceptions and attitudes towards EBP.Method This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey administered to all 273 nurses and nursing students from Nepal who attended an EBP conference. The survey instrument that was used by Majid in Singapore was adapted for use in this study with permission from the author.Result In total, 121 nurses participated in the study. The majority (93%) of respondents reported that they had no previous training in EBP. The respondents’ perceptions of their EBP knowledge and skills were variable, but most of them demonstrated positive attitudes toward EBP. Respondents identified a number of barriers that limit the implementation of EBP in Nepal. The greatest barriers were lack of time and resources, difficulty understanding research articles and translating the findings to practice, and limited autonomy to change practice based on evidence.Conclusion Although respondents had positive attitudes towards EBP, their knowledge and skills were limited and barriers to implementation existed. Nursing faculty can use the findings to guide implementation of EBP into curricula, and nursing administrators and clinicians can use the findings to guide practice to promote EBP.

scholarly journals Online Education for Undergraduate Health Professional Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Attitudes, Barriers, and Ethical Issues

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhaib Muflih ◽  
Sawsan Abuhammad ◽  
Reema Karasneh ◽  
Sayer Al-Azzam ◽  
Karem H Alzoubi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
Online Tools

Abstract Background: The online teaching demand has increased tremendously to promote the implementation of online teaching-leaning system to meet the need of students during the outbreaks of emerging infectious disease. This study aims to explore whether the pandemic of COVID-19, which requires universities to rapidly offer online learning, will affect attitudes about online education for undergraduate health sciences students. Also, it investigates the barriers for using online tools. Method: A cross-sectional survey using online social media was used to recruit eligible participants. The data for this study were focused on students’ experiences utilizing an online education method offered by the Jordanian government universities. This study is utilizing newly developed measuring tools that are expected to enable students to evaluate online teaching in terms of their own learning progress. Results: A total of 1,210 participants agreed to complete the online survey questionnaire. The mean score preparedness and attitude toward online education was average. The majority of students agreed that online courses helped assign reading and homework time better than on-campus approach (75.0%) and felt comfortable to actively communicate with my classmates and instructors online. Zoom and eLearning were the most common online platforms utilized by students. The geographic locations, lack of past experience on using online tools, and lack of past experience on using online tools were identified by students as the main barrier to online educations. Conclusions: Although the pandemic of COVID-19 appeared as uncommon catalyst for promoting eLearning, further research is needed to assess whether learners are ready and willing to make greater use of online education to obtain high quality teaching and learning opportunities, which could totally change educators’ and students’ attitudes and impression, and subsequently the general themes of online education.

scholarly journals Community Pharmacists’ Perceptions, Barriers, and Willingness for Offering Sexual and Reproductive Health Services

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10735
Author(s):  
Ali Mofleh Alshahrani ◽  
Mona Y. Alsheikh
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Patient Health

The role of community pharmacists is crucial for promoting health and providing consultation related to sexual and reproductive health. This study measured the perception of community pharmacists in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) towards the provision of counselling services on sex education and reproductive health, including barriers to and proficiency in the delivery of services. A cross-sectional survey was developed and distributed electronically to pharmacists, and responses were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Graphical representations for various opinions on perception, proficiency and barriers were created. More than 80% of pharmacists placed a high value on counselling patients on sex and reproductive health, about 90% counselled their patients very often (74.6%) or often (22.2%), and 3.2% of pharmacists did not counsel patients. Most respondents believed counselling was very important (65.3%) or important (15.1%), with only 19.6% of respondents indicating it was not important. Barriers to offering services included fear from responsibility and liability (M = 4.8), lack of information about patient health (M = 4.7), gender differences (M = 4.7), and lack of social acceptability (M = 4.6). Community pharmacists in KSA possessed positive attitudes, professional education, and willingness to provide counselling to patients on sex education and reproductive health. Apart from the existing barriers that require augmented community pharmacists’ soft skills, clear policies and authorization for offering this type of service are also needed.

scholarly journals Children’s Nurses’ Knowledge and Attitudes on Paediatric Pain: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Survey in a Developing Country

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-233
Author(s):  
Evans Oduro ◽  
Abigail Kusi-Amponsah Diji ◽  
Grace Kusi ◽  
Albert Amagyei ◽  
Joana Kyei-Dompim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Pediatric Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Hospital Facility ◽  
Pain Knowledge ◽  
Nurses Knowledge

Background: Children’s nurses’ knowledge of pain affects their pain management practices. Even though poor knowledge and attitudes have been reported in several studies, most were carried out in developed settings. However, little has been reported on the management of paediatric pain by nurses in resource-limited settings such as in sub-Saharan Africa.Purpose: This study sought to assess the knowledge and perceptions of children’s nurses regarding paediatric pain in a Ghanaian context.Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out among 65 nurses at eight hospitals at various levels of healthcare in Ghana. Over three months, participants’ demographic data and responses on the Pediatric Nurses Knowledge and Attitude Survey Regarding Pain (PNKAS) instrument were collected. Data were analyzed and presented using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Participants’ average (SD) knowledge and attitudes regarding paeditric pain was 36.7% (6.9%) and ranged from 21.4% to 57.1%. Pediatric pain knowledge and attitudes (PPKA) of the nurses differed based on working years in the children’s unit and the hospital type they worked in (p<0.05). Nevertheless, the type of hospital facility was the only independent predictor of their PPKA (R2=0.181, p<0.001).Conclusion: Children nurses in this setting generally had insufficient knowledge and attitudes on paediatric pain. They should be motivated to undertake self-directed learning and regular continuing professional education to update their knowledge, attitude and skills on evidence-based pediatric pain assessment and management. 

scholarly journals A comparative study of dementia knowledge, attitudes and care approach among Chinese nursing and medical students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Wang ◽  
Lily Dongxia Xiao ◽  
Rong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Care Approach

Abstract BackgroundDementia care requires inter-disciplinary collaboration starting from formal health professional education. Yet, little is known about how undergraduate medical and nursing students perceive dementia care in China. The aim of this study was to investigate undergraduate medical and nursing students’ dementia knowledge, attitudes and care approach in China.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Students enrolled in a 5-year Bachelor of Medicine Program and a 4-year Bachelor of Nursing Program from four universities with campuses across Eastern, Western, Southern and Northern China were recruited into the study. Three validated instruments, Alzheimer’s Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS), Dementia Care Attitude Scale (DCAS) and Approach to Advanced Dementia Care Questionnaire (ADCQ), were used to examine students’ dementia knowledge, attitudes and perceived care approach. Data were collected using a self-administered survey.ResultsThe number of medical and nursing students completing the survey was 526 and 467 respectively. Students’ overall knowledge about dementia was poor, but attitudes were generally positive. The overall mean score of students’ dementia knowledge examined by the ADKS was 19.49 (SD=2.82) out of 30, students’ attitudes to dementia was 29.92(SD=3.35) out of 40, and students’ person-centred care approach of dementia was 5.42 (SD=2.20) out of 13. Medical students demonstrated higher dementia knowledge scores and showed less positive attitude scores than nursing students (p<0.05). Students would not apply a person-centred care approach. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean scores of ADCQ between nursing students and medical students.Conclusions Study results highlight the urgent need to implement an inter-disciplinary approach to increasing dementia education among Chinese medical and nursing students, and ensuring that students have adequate knowledge, attitudes and experience in the care of people with dementia.

scholarly journals Clinical photography knowledge and skills among dental students in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Fawaz Pullishery ◽  
RozanKhaled Albugami ◽  
NadinNaji Binmahfod ◽  
ManarAbdulkareem Muhsin ◽  
RafalAhmad Bamane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Clinical Photography

scholarly journals Assessing Digital Risk in Psychiatric Patients: Mixed Methods Study of Psychiatry Trainees’ Experiences, Views, and Understanding

10.2196/19008 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. e19008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Golnar Aref-Adib ◽  
Gabriella Landy ◽  
Michelle Eskinazi ◽  
Andrew Sommerlad ◽  
Nicola Morant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Related Risk

Background The use of digital technology can help people access information and provide support for their mental health problems, but it can also expose them to risk, such as bullying or prosuicide websites. It may be important to consider internet-related risk behavior (digital risk) within a generic psychiatric risk assessment, but no studies have explored the practice or acceptability of this among psychiatrists. Objective This study aimed to explore psychiatry trainees’ experiences, views, and understanding of digital risk in psychiatry. We predicted that clinician awareness would be highest among trainees who work in child and adolescent mental health services. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of psychiatry trainees attending a UK regional trainees’ conference to investigate how they routinely assess patients’ internet use and related risk of harm and their experience and confidence in assessing these risks. We conducted focus groups to further explore trainees’ understandings and experiences of digital risk assessment. Descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests were used to present the quantitative data. A thematic analysis was used to identify the key themes in the qualitative data set. Results The cross-sectional survey was completed by 113 out of 312 psychiatry trainees (response rate 36.2%), from a range of subspecialties and experience levels. Half of the trainees (57/113, 50.4%) reported treating patients exposed to digital risk, particularly trainees subspecializing in child and adolescent psychiatry (17/22, 77% vs 40/91, 44%;P=.02). However, 67.3% (76/113) reported not feeling competent to assess digital risk. Child and adolescent psychiatrists were more likely than others to ask patients routinely about specific digital risk domains, including reckless web-based behavior (18/20, 90% vs 54/82, 66%; P=.03), prosuicide websites (20/21, 95% vs 57/81, 70%; P=.01), and online sexual behavior (17/21, 81% vs 44/81, 54%; P=.02). Although 84.1% (95/113) of the participants reported using a proforma to record general risk assessment, only 5% (5/95) of these participants prompted an assessment of internet use. Only 9.7% (11/113) of the trainees had received digital risk training, and 73.5% (83/113) reported that they would value this. Our thematic analysis of transcripts from 3 focus groups (comprising 11 trainees) identified 2 main themes: barriers to assessment and management of digital risk, and the double-edged sword of web use. Barriers reported included the novelty and complexity of the internet, a lack of confidence and guidance in addressing internet use directly, and ongoing tension between assessment and privacy. Conclusions Although it is common for psychiatrists to encounter patients subject to digital risk, trainee psychiatrists lack competence and confidence in their assessment. Training in digital risk and the inclusion of prompts in standardized risk proformas would promote good clinical practice and prevent a potential blind spot in general risk assessment.

scholarly journals Secondary School English Teachers’ Preception Towards The Use of Flipped Learning in Buleleng Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
D. K. Putri Handayani ◽  
M. H. Santosa ◽  
I N. P. Hadi Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Teachers ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Flipped Learning ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Microsoft Office

This study is aimed at (1) investigating the perception of secondary school English teachers’ perception towards the use of Flipped Learning in Buleleng regency, (2) observing the problems that the teachers encountered during implementing Flipped Learning, and (3) evaluating the solutions that the teachers do to solve the problems. This study was a mixed-method research design which used cross-sectional survey as the method. Purposive sampling was employed to four secondary English teachers who apply Flipped Learning. They came from three public secondary schools in Buleleng regency. This study used a questionnaire and an interview guide as instruments which had been tested for its validity and reliability. The data from the questionnaires were processed by using Arithmetic Statistics in Microsoft Office Excel to calculate the mean score in order to know the qualification level of each perception. The results of data analysis indicated that most of teachers corresponded to very positive perception on the use of Flipped Learning since the mean score was 81.25 which categorized to very high category. The results imply that Flipped Learning is highly recommended to be implemented in the English teaching and learning process.  

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