Counseling Non-Hispanic White Boys

BACKGROUND Asthma is a chronic lung disease that affects nearly 25 million individuals in the United States. There is a need for more research into the potential for health care providers to leverage existing social media platforms to improve healthy behaviors and support individuals living with chronic health conditions. OBJECTIVE In this study, we assess the willingness of Instagram users with poorly controlled asthma to participate in a pilot study that uses Instagram as a means of providing social and informational support. In addition, we explore the potential for adapting photovoice and digital storytelling to social media. METHODS A survey study of Instagram users living with asthma in the United States, between the ages of 18 to 40. RESULTS Over 3 weeks of recruitment, 457 individuals completed the pre-survey screener; 347 were excluded. Of the 110 people who were eligible and agreed to participate in the study, 82 completed the study survey. Respondents mean age was 21(SD = 5.3). Respondents were 56% female (n=46), 65% (n=53) non-Hispanic white, and 72% (n=59) had at least some college education. The majority of respondents (n = 66, 81%) indicated that they would be willing to participate in the study. CONCLUSIONS Among young-adult Instagram users with asthma there is substantial interest in participating in a study that uses Instagram to connect participants with peers and a health coach in order to share information about self-management of asthma and build social connection.

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Using the Life Story Book With Mentally Alert Residents of Nursing Homes

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1574 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 487-487

Author(s):

Theresa Chrisman

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Nursing Homes ◽

Meaning In Life ◽

Life Story ◽

Well Being ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Wilks Lambda ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

Hispanic White

Abstract Depression and lack of meaning in life (MIL) are common among residents of nursing homes (NHs) and contribute to a reduction in overall health and well-being. Life Story Book (LSB), a reminiscence intervention, is designed to provide a person with the opportunity to review their past and capture their life stories and photographs into a book. LSB has demonstrated positive outcomes for residents of NHs with dementia, yet little is known for residents without dementia. A switching replication design was used to examine the effects of LSB among 21 mentally alert residents from two NHs (NH-A and NH-B) in Houston, Texas. Participants in NH-A received three weeks of the LSB intervention, while NH-B received three weeks of care-as-usual; the intervention was then switched. The GDS-12R and the MIL questionnaire (MLQ) were used to measure depressive symptoms and MIL respectively. Participants from NH-A (n =11) and NH-B (n = 10) had a mean age of 75 years (SD =11.34); 81% female; 52% non-Hispanic white and 33% African American. Results from a one-way MANCOVA found no statistically significant difference on the GDS-12R and MLQ (F(3, 14) = 2.50, p = .102; Wilks’ Lambda = .652; η2 = .35). Further analyses comparing the pre-intervention and post-intervention scores for the entire sample (N =21) found a significant reduction in depressive symptoms (M = 2.67; SD = 2.52) and (M =1.67, SD = 2.29); (t (20) = 2.21, p = 0.039). The potential benefits of LSB for mentally alert residents of NHs warrants further research.

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Consistent Honor, Persistent Disadvantage: American Indian and Alaska Native Veteran Health in the National Survey of Veterans

Journal of Aging and Health ◽

10.1177/08982643211014034 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (7-8_suppl) ◽

pp. 68S-81S

Author(s):

Kimberly R. Huyser ◽

Sofia Locklear ◽

Connor Sheehan ◽

Brenda L. Moore ◽

John S. Butler

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

American Indian ◽

National Survey ◽

Alaska Native ◽

Daily Living ◽

Disadvantaged Population ◽

Additional Support ◽

Fair Poor ◽

National Survey Of Veterans ◽

Hispanic White

Objective: To examine self-rated health and activities of daily living (ADLs) limitations among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) veterans relative to white veterans. Methods: We use the 2010 National Survey of Veterans and limit the sample to veterans who identify as AI/AN or non-Hispanic white. We calculated descriptive statistics, confidence intervals, and used logistic regression. Results: AI/AN veterans are younger, have lower levels of income, and have higher levels of exposure to combat and environmental hazards compared to white veterans. We found that AI/AN veterans are significantly more likely to report fair/poor health controlling for socioeconomic status and experience an ADL controlling for age, health behaviors, socioeconomic status, and military factors. Discussion: The results indicate that AI/AN veterans are a disadvantaged population in terms of their health and disability compared to white veterans. AI/AN veterans may require additional support from family members and/or Veteran Affairs to address ADLs.

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Geographic Regional Variation in Patterns of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Late-Life Depression

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.545 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 168-168

Author(s):

Chirag Vyas ◽

Charles Reynolds ◽

David Mischoulon ◽

Grace Chang ◽

Olivia Okereke

Keyword(s):

Native American ◽

Ethnic Differences ◽

Ethnic Disparities ◽

Late Life ◽

Geographic Region ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Late Life Depression ◽

Item Level ◽

Racial Ethnic ◽

Hispanic White

Abstract There is evidence of racial/ethnic disparities in late-life depression (LLD) burden and treatment in the US. Geographic region may be a novel social determinant; yet, limited data exist regarding the interplay of geographic region with racial/ethnic differences in LLD severity, item-level symptom burden and treatment. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 25,503 men aged 50+ years and women aged 55+ years in VITAL-DEP (VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL-Depression Endpoint Prevention), an ancillary study to the VITAL trial. Racial/ethnic groups included Non-Hispanic White, Black, Hispanic, Asian, and other groups (Native American/Alaskan Native and other/multiple/unspecified-race/ethnicity). We assessed depression status using: the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8); self-reported clinician/physician diagnosis of depression; medication and/or counseling treatment for depression. In the full sample, Midwest region was significantly associated with 12% lower severity of LLD, compared to Northeast region (rate ratio (RR) (95% confidence interval (CI)): 0.88 (0.83-0.93)). However, racial/ethnic differences in LLD varied by region. For example, in the Midwest, Blacks and Hispanics had significantly higher depression severity compared to non-Hispanic Whites (RR (95% CI): for Black, 1.16 (1.02-1.31); for Hispanic, 2.03 (1.38-3.00)). Furthermore, in multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models, minority vs. non-Hispanic White adults had 2- to 3-fold significantly higher odds of several item-level symptoms across all regions, especially in the Midwest and Southwest. Finally, among those endorsing PHQ-8≥10, Blacks had 60-80% significantly lower odds of depression treatment, compared to non-Hispanic Whites, in all regions. In summary, we observed significant geographic variation in patterns of racial/ethnic disparities in LLD outcomes. This requires further longitudinal investigation.

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Bidirectional Relationship Between Subjective Age and Frailty: Findings From the NHATS

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.867 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 271-271

Author(s):

Yuxiao Li ◽

Minhui Liu ◽

Christina Miyawaki ◽

Xiaocao Sun ◽

Tianxue Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Clinical Syndrome ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Subjective Age ◽

Bidirectional Relationship ◽

Study Participants ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽

The Relationship ◽

Hispanic White

Abstract Frailty is a clinical syndrome that becomes increasingly common as people age. Subjective age refers to how young or old individuals experience themselves to be. It is associated with many risk factors of frailty, such as increased depression, worse cognitive function, and poorer psychological wellbeing. In this study, we examined the relationship between subjective age and frailty using the 2011-2015 waves of the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Participants were community-dwelling older adults without frailty in the initial wave (N=1,165). Subjective age was measured by asking participants, “What age do you feel most of the time?” Based on the Fried five phenotypic criteria: exhaustion, unintentional weight loss, low physical activity, slow gait, and weak grip strength, frailty was categorized into robust=0, pre-frail=1 or 2; frail=3 or more criteria met. Participants were, on average, 74.1±6.5 years old, female (52%), and non-Hispanic White (81%). Eighty-five percent of the participants felt younger, and 3% felt older than their chronological age, but 41% of them were pre-frail/frail. Generalized estimating equations revealed that an “older” subjective age predicted a higher likelihood of pre-frailty and frailty (OR, 95%CI= 1.01, 1.01-1.02). In contrast, frailty predicted an “older” subjective age (OR, 95%CI= 2.97, 1.65-5.35) adjusting for demographics and health conditions. These findings suggest a bidirectional relationship between subjective age and frailty. Older people who feel younger than their chronological age are at reduced risk of becoming pre-frail/frail. Intervention programs to delay frailty progression should include strategies that may help older adults perceive a younger subjective age.

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African American Unemployment and the Disparity in Periviable Births

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities ◽

10.1007/s40615-021-01022-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ralph Catalano ◽

Deborah Karasek ◽

Tim Bruckner ◽

Joan A. Casey ◽

Katherine Saxton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

African American Women ◽

Unemployment Rate ◽

Racial Disparity ◽

Live Births ◽

Percentage Point Increase ◽

Point Increase ◽

The Us ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Hispanic White

AbstractPeriviable infants (i.e., born before 26 complete weeks of gestation) represent fewer than .5% of births in the US but account for 40% of infant mortality and 20% of billed hospital obstetric costs. African American women contribute about 14% of live births in the US, but these include nearly a third of the country’s periviable births. Consistent with theory and with periviable births among other race/ethnicity groups, males predominate among African American periviable births in stressed populations. We test the hypothesis that the disparity in periviable male births among African American and non-Hispanic white populations responds to the African American unemployment rate because that indicator not only traces, but also contributes to, the prevalence of stress in the population. We use time-series methods that control for autocorrelation including secular trends, seasonality, and the tendency to remain elevated or depressed after high or low values. The racial disparity in male periviable birth increases by 4.45% for each percentage point increase in the unemployment rate of African Americans above its expected value. We infer that unemployment—a population stressor over which our institutions exercise considerable control—affects the disparity between African American and non-Hispanic white periviable births in the US.

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