scholarly journals Coagulation Activity of the Seed Extract from Zygia cauliflora (WILLD.) KILLIP applied in Water Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Julia Aoki Domingues ◽  
Nelson Consolin Filho ◽  
Luiz Augusto Gomes de Souza ◽  
Flávia Vieira da Silva Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Coagulation Mechanism ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Saline Solutions

The use of natural coagulants is a promising alternative to replace or assist chemical coagulants due to its numerous advantages. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of a natural coagulant in water treatment. The coagulant was extracted from the Zygia cauliflora (Willd.) Killip seed in saline solutions and defatted using 95% ethanol. The tests were conducted using different concentrations of the coagulant (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 g L-1) and of NaCl (0.0 M, 1.0 M, and 5.0 M). The results showed that the use of 2 g L-1 of coagulant and 1.0 M of the salt achieved an effectiveness of 20% and 70%, respectively, of color and turbidity removal. The analysis showed an effectiveness of 70% and 30%, respectively, when removing the UV254 compound and DOM (dissolved organic matter). The mechanism for turbidity removal by the coagulants prepared with aqueous solution and with saline solution at 1.0 M of NaCl is supposed to be adsorption and charge neutralization, respectively, following the Freundlich and Langmuir models. However, the coagulant prepared with saline solution at 5.0 M of NaCl tends to form a netlike structure followed by turbidity removal through a sweep coagulation mechanism. Future papers should therefore focus on the use of Zygia cauliflora (Willd.) Killip as an alternative for replacement or use as an auxiliary chemical coagulant.

scholarly journals Ultrafiltration as a simple purification method of a water extract of common bean seed as a natural coagulant

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-220
Author(s):  
Jelena Prodanovic ◽  
Bojana Saric ◽  
Marina Sciban ◽  
Dragana Kukic ◽  
Vesna Vasic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Bean Seed ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Model Water

Natural coagulants from a crude water extract of common bean seed showed very good efficiency of turbidity removal from water of ~89 % under optimal coagulation conditions, which were determined using response surface methodology (RSM). However, they also increased the content of organic matter in treated model water by ~66 %, which is the main drawback of usage of natural coagulants, in general. Thus, ultrafiltration was applied for processing of the crude water extract in order to separate biomolecules, which exhibit the coagulation activity. Four fractions obtained by ultrafiltration were applied in coagulation tests under the same conditions as the crude extract, and the 4th fraction (molecules with molecular weights >30 kDa) with the predominant content of proteins with molecular weights 50 - 60 kDa, achieved almost as high efficiency of turbidity removal (75 %) as the crude extract. At the same time, the content of organic matter in treated water increased just for 16 % in comparison to the blank (model water processed in the same way but without coagulant). After optimization of process parameters by RSM for usage of the 4th fraction, the coagulation activity increased further to 80 %.

The Potential of Different Saline Solution on the Extraction of the Moringa oleifera Seed's Active Component for Water Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grasiele Scaramal Madrona ◽  
Rosangela Bergamasco ◽  
Vanessa Jurca Seolin ◽  
Marcia R. Fagundes Klen
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

The main objective of the present work is to study the efficiency in terms of removing color and turbidity of raw water in order to obtain drinking water. For this purpose, different coagulant solutions were obtained utilizing different salts, NaCl, KCl and MgCl2, in concentration 1M, distilled water combined with the Moringa oleifera Lam seed. Each coagulant solution obtained was studied with concentrations ranging from 25 to 300 mg/L of Moringa in salt solution. The tests were performed in the “Jar Test,” and the efficiency of the process was assessed in terms of color and turbidity. The results show no difference in the coagulation for extracts using the salts KCl, NaCl and MgCl2 1 Molar. The best results were found employing the coagulant solutions extracted with salt, in various concentration ranges (125 to 300 mg/L); as the concentration of protein in solution becomes higher, the greater is its power as a coagulant. The lowest content of protein was found in the solution extracted with water, which consequently had the lowest values of color and turbidity removal. Finally, the results obtained by the present work show that the seed of Moringa oleifera Lam is a great alternative for use as a coagulant in drinking water treatment systems.

scholarly journals Elimination of Arsenic (III) using Phaseolus Lunatus and Phaseolus Vulgaris as Natural Coagulants

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Vijayarani. A* ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Coagulation Process ◽  
Coagulation Mechanism ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic

In this analysis, the efficacy of adding coagulants such as Phaseolus lunatus and Phaseolus vulgaris (polymers) to the coagulation process during the treatment of arsenic aqueous solution to extract the arsenic metal was investigated. Experiments were carried out to evaluate the output of Phaseolus lunatus and Phaseolus vulgaris, both individually and in combination with arsenic, using the standard Jar test protocol. P.lunatus and P.vulgaris were given doses ranging from 1 to 3 gm. For P.lunatus and P.vulgaris, the (optimal) removal efficiency for total arsenic in the aqueous solution was obtained at 2gm. With chemical affinity between arsenic and coagulants used in this process, the valence state of arsenic may affect removal efficiency during the chemical coagulation process. pH is discovered to be a significant factor that has a direct or indirect impact on results. By overcoming the isoelectric point, the complex formed by the interaction of the inorganic pollutant and organic coagulant may aid in the removal of arsenic at pH 9 and 8. P.lunatus and P.vulgaris had optimised arsenic initial concentrations of 57.1µg/L and 42.6µg/L, respectively. The coagulation mechanism is more prevalent in water treatment, as shown by the above findings.

scholarly journals Turbid Water Treatment Using Deshelled Carica papaya Seed: Analysis Via Factorial Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 7787-7795
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Operational Factors ◽  
Papaya Seeds ◽  
Carica Papaya Seed ◽  
Papaya Seed

Natural coagulants are proven to be a good alternative to conventional coagulants with the removal of various pollutants and are environmentally friendly. Despite its advantages, the least studies were carried out on local agro-wastes such as papaya seeds as natural coagulants concerning different operational factors. The study analyzes the main and interactions effect between the coagulant dosage, initial turbidity, and pH on deshelled Carica papaya seeds for turbid water treatment. A 2-level factorial design was used to investigate the main and interaction effects of the main operational factors, viz. coagulant dosage (50-200 mg/L), pH (3-7), and initial turbidity (100-500 NTU) on the turbidity removal of the synthetic turbid water. Based on individual performance, the results suggested that initial turbidity and pH are the most significant factors among the investigated operational factors. In combination, all interactions are significant, but the interaction between initial turbidity and pH is most significant, with 97.2% turbidity removal. Upon application of Carica papaya seed as a natural coagulant in water and wastewater treatment, these operating variables and their interactions are best to be considered.

scholarly journals Treatment of sugar beet thick juice spent wash by chemical and natural coagulants

2009 ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Marina Sciban ◽  
Mile Klasnja ◽  
Mirjana Antov
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Bean Seed ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Aluminium Sulfate ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Thick Juice

The possibility of treatment of wastewater from bioethanol production by aluminium sulfate and natural coagulant extracted from common bean seed was studied. The highest coagulation activity at pH 6.5 is reached with analum dose of 1 g/l, but only a little lower coagulation activities were obtained by the dose of 0.05 and 0.10 g/l, which is more favorable for economic and environmental reasons. When natural coagulant from common bean was applied the highest coagulation activity, 14.3%, at pH 6.5 is reached with a dose of 0.5 ml/l. However, when common bean natural coagulant was used simultaneously with alum, the highest turbidity removal resulting in 24% coagulation activity was achieved and this was more efficient than when alum or natural coagulant were used.

scholarly journals Investigation of coagulation activity of natural coagulants from seeds of different leguminose species

2005 ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Sciban ◽  
Mile Klasnja ◽  
Jelena Stojimirovic
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Natural Coagulants

The ability of seeds of plants: Phaseolus vulgaris, Robinia pseudoacacia Ceratonia siliqua and Amorpha fruticosa, to act as natural coagulants was tested using synthetic turbid water. This water was prepared by adding kaolin into tap water, just before the test. Active components were extracted from ground seeds with distilled water. The coagulation ability of this extract was assessed by the use of standard jar test measurements in water with various initial turbidity. Investigation of these natural coagulants was confirmed their positive coagulation activity. Of all plants that have been examined, the seed extract from Ceratonia siliqua appeared to be one of the most effective coagulants for water treatment. A dose of 20 mg/l of this coagulant resulted in 100% coagulation activity for clarification of water with 17.5 NTU initial turbidity.

scholarly journals The Implementation of Chemical Project Learning Model Integrated with Ethno-Stem Approach on Water Treatment Topic Using Kelor (Moringa oleifera) Seed Extract As Bio-Coagulant

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sudarmin ◽  
Cepi Kurniawan ◽  
Puji N ◽  
Musyarofah . ◽  
Ariyatun . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Project Learning ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

Water is one of the natural wealth that is absolutely needed by living things to survive and maintain health. In facts, water treatment is carried out on the raw water that does not meet the standards of clean water quality, therefore, the non-standardized elements need to be eliminated or reduced so that all water meets the applicable standards. One alternative which is available locally is the use of natural coagulants from plants living around us. This research was conducted by students of the UNNES Postgraduate Chemistry Education Magister Program. The process for water treatment employedthepotentialnaturalcoagulantofmoringaseedextractusinganEthno-STEM approach.Thisresearchwascarriedoutasachemicalprojecttask,namelytheproject of using potential bio-coagulant of Moringa oleifera seeds or Moringa plant. In this study, tests were carried out on the use of bio coagulant of moringa seeds extract with various varieties to purify turbid water. The research results concluded that the magisters of chemistry education have been able to design and implement the integrated Ethno-STEM chemical project learning on water purification topic using moringa seed extract (Maringo oleifera). In addition, the findings indicated that the studentswereabletoreconstructethnical-basedscientificknowledgeinthecontextof STEM;andwaterpurificationexperimentswithbio-coagulantofMoringaseedextracts.

scholarly journals Statistical modelling of turbidity removal applied to non-toxic natural coagulants in water treatment: a case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 406-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.H. Al-Saati ◽  
T.K. Hussein ◽  
M.H. Abbas ◽  
Khalid Hashim ◽  
Z.N. Al-Saati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Statistical Modelling ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Natural Coagulants

Rehabilitation of water treatment plants with operational constrains: a study on turbidity removal

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaveh Sookhak Lari ◽  
Morteza Kargar
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Long Term Effect

High-rate lamella settlers in clarifiers and triple media filters have been implemented in Isfahan water treatment plant (known as ‘Baba-Sheikh-Ali’) in Iran to upgrade existing clarification/filtration processes during the recent years. The applied technologies are mainly used to reduce finished water turbidity as the primary regional criterion on water quality. However, application of both technologies faced some operational limitations since they began to work. These problems are due to the existing layout of the process units and available materials. The current study focuses on performance of restricted application of the two technologies with respect to turbidity removal. Online measured turbidity data from a two-year field observation (since March 2010) are used. In particular, results show a more promising and long-term effect on turbidity removal due to tripling filter media rather than application of the lamella settlers in clarifiers. The reasons for these observations are discussed.

scholarly journals Use of Aloe vera as an Organic Coagulant for Improving Drinking Water Quality

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2024
Author(s):  
Abderrezzaq Benalia ◽  
Kerroum Derbal ◽  
Amel Khalfaoui ◽  
Raouf Bouchareb ◽  
Antonio Panico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Maximum Turbidity ◽  
Optimal Ph

The coagulation–flocculation–sedimentation process is widely used for removal of suspended solids and water turbidity reduction. The most common coagulants used to conduct this process are aluminum sulfate and ferric sulfate. In this paper, the use of Aloe vera as a natural-based coagulant for drinking water treatment was tested. The bio-coagulant was used in two different forms: powder as well as liquid; the latter was extracted with distilled water used as a solvent. The obtained results showed that the use of the natural coagulant (Aloe vera) in both powder (AV-Powder) and liquid (AV-H2O) forms reduced the water turbidity at natural pH by 28.23% and 87.84%, respectively. Moreover, it was found that the use of the two previous forms of bio-coagulant for drinking water treatment had no significant influence on the following three parameters: pH, alkalinity, and hardness. The study of the effect of pH on the process performance using Aloe vera as a bio-coagulant demonstrated that the maximum turbidity removal efficiency accounted for 53.53% and 88.23% using AV-Powder and AV-H2O, respectively, at optimal pH 6.

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