EFFECTS OF CULTIVAR ON THE UTILIZATION OF GROUND RAPESEE IN DIETS FOR GROWING–FINISHING PIGS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. CASTELL
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Dietary Level ◽  
Low Erucic Acid ◽  
Protein Diets ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

Low erucic acid cultivars of Brassica campestris L. (Span and Torch) and B. napus L. (Midas and Tower) were used to examine the effects of cultivar on the performance of 132 crossbred pigs fed, from 23 kg to 89 kg liveweight, diets containing ground rapeseed. The oil percentages and levels of total glucosinolates (mg/g oil-free meal) were, respectively, 39.1 and 8.2 (Span), 40.2 and 7.8 (Torch), 44.7 and 12.0 (Midas), 43.2 and 3.4 (Tower). Growth rates on 17% crude protein diets containing 10% rapeseed in experiment 1 ranged from 637 g/day (Midas) to 797 g/day (Tower), a significant (P < 0.05) difference, although feed:gain ratios and carcass measurements did not differ significantly between the four dietary groups. Results from experiment 2, in which B. campestris cultivars were used as 0 and 10% of pelleted diets fed for two 45-min periods daily, indicated that rapeseed depressed daily feed intake and gain significantly (P < 0.01) but did not adversely affect carcass measurements. Increasing the dietary level of B. napus cultivars, from 0 to 15% in experiment 3, depressed daily feed intake and gain of pigs fed Midas (P < 0.05) or Tower (NS) diets. Feed:gain ratios and carcass data were similar to those of the control pigs. Although Midas-fed pigs exhibited poorer (P < 0.01) live performance, their carcasses had less backfat (P < 0.01) with higher Carcass Value Indices (P < 0.01) and Record of Performance Scores (P < 0.05) than those fed tower diets. Results from the three experiments suggested that inclusion of rapeseed influenced the performance of growing–finishing pigs by an effect upon both the energy content and glucosinolate level of the diet consumed.

The effects of diets with reduced crude protein and digestible energy content on the performance of growing and finishing pigs and the characteristics of slurry produced

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 24-24
Author(s):  
P A Lee ◽  
A Armsby
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
N Retention ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Reduced Crude Protein ◽  
Sparing Effect ◽  
Protein Diets

Formulating diets to match more closely the requirements of the pig for amino acids results in diets which are lower in crude protein (CP) than conventional commercial diets. The lower intake of nitrogen (N) which is concomitant with these diets results on lower N excretion. The excretion of excess N requires energy and previous nutrient balance work undertaken at Terrington (Lee and Kay, 1998) indicated that the ‘energy sparing’ effect of the reduced crude protein diets can be utilised by reducing the digestible energy (DE) content of reduced CP diets whilst at the same time maintaining the level of N retention. The objective of this work was to determine the performance carcass characteristics and slurry characteristics of growing/finishing pigs given reduced CP/DE diets.

UTILIZATION OF GROUND SEED OR MEAL FROM LOW ERUCIC ACID RAPE (BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS cv. SPAN) IN DIETS FOR GROWING–FINISHING PIGS

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. CASTELL ◽  
T. M. MALLARD
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Ground Seed ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

Sixty-four pigs, fed ad libitum from 24 to 91 kg liveweight, were used to compare the effects upon live performance, carcass measurements and backfat composition of including rapeseed meal, derived from B. campestris (cv. Span) or B. napus (cv. Target), or ground Span rapeseed as 10% of diets based on barley with meatmeal or soybean meal as the source of supplementary protein. A further 32 pigs were similarly fed on barley/meatmeal diets containing 0, 4, 8 or 12% of the ground Span rapeseed. Pigs receiving diets containing Span or Target rapeseed meals grew 5 and 15%, respectively, slower than those fed the control diets (0.75 kg/day). The feed:gain ratio was improved with the Span diets (3.77 vs. 3.87) but not with the Target diets (3.97). Estimates of carcass quality also suggested that the meal from Span was superior. Backfat composition was similar on all rapeseed meal diets. Increasing the level of dietary rapeseed tended to reduce the growth rate by up to 11%, but improved the feed:gain ratio up to 8%, and the carcass quality. At levels exceeding 4% there was a marked increase in the degree of unsaturation of the backfat, reflecting increased proportions of linoleic and linolenic acids.

The effect of offering diets with a reduced crude protein and digestible energy content on the retention and excretion of nitrogen by pigs

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 33-33
Author(s):  
P.A. Lee ◽  
R.M. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Dietary Nitrogen ◽  
Reduced Crude Protein ◽  
Sparing Effect ◽  
The Cost

Manipulation of dietary nitrogen content can reduce nitrogen excretion (NE) by the pig by 40 per cent (Kay and Lee, 1995), which has major implications for pollution legislation. Past work (Kay and Lee, 1996) has shown that whilst reduced crude protein (CP) diets reduce NE whilst maintaining nitrogen retention (NR), there is also an increase in backfat depth at slaughter. This suggests an ‘energy sparing’ effect from the lower levels of excess amino acids which might be exploited to lower the cost of the reduced CP diets. The objective of this experiment was to determine the NR and NE of growing and finishing pigs offered diets with reduced CP and Digestible Energy (DE) contents compared with commercial diets or diets with reduced CP content only.

scholarly journals Sequential feeding with high-fat/low-crude protein diets for two lines of growing-finishing pigs under daily cyclic high ambient temperature conditions1

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 2493-2504
Author(s):  
Alícia Zem Fraga ◽  
Paulo Henrique Reis Furtado Campos ◽  
Welex Cândido Da Silva ◽  
Raphael Perini Caetano ◽  
Alini Mari Veira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Protein Diets

Effect of feeding level and dietary protein content on the growth, body composition and rate of protein deposition in pigs growing from 45 to 90 kg

1984 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Campbell ◽  
M. R. Taverner ◽  
D. M. Curic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Protein Deposition ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Diets

ABSTRACT1. Eight diets of similar energy content, ranging in crude protein concentration from 95 to 256 g/kg, were given at either 2·5 or 3·2 times the energy level for maintenance to entire male pigs growing from 45 to 90 kg live weight.2. Growth rate improved with increase in feeding level and with increasing dietary crude protein up to 164 g/kg (P < 0·05). The food conversion ratio improved with each increase in dietary CP up to 186 and 164 g/kg on the lower and higher feeding treatments, respectively (P < 0·05). It was also improved with increase in level of feeding of the lower-protein diets but deteriorated with increase in level of intake of the higher-protein diets (P < 005).3. Rate of protein deposition improved with increasing dietary crude protein up to 186 and 164 g/kg on the lower and higher feeding treatments, respectively (P < 005). The results showed that, for pigs given diets deficient in crude protein, rate of protein deposition was linearly related to protein intake (P < 0·001) but independent of energy intake. For pigs given a diet adequate in crude protein, rate of protein deposition was related to energy intake and independent of crude protein intake.4. Body fat content at 90 kg decreased with increasing dietary crude protein up to 210 and 164 g/kg on the lower and higher feeding treatments, respectively (P < 0·05), and was increased by raising the level of intake of the higher-crude protein diets (P < 0·05). However, the influence of feeding level on body fat diminished as dietary crude protein was reduced.

EVALUATION OF A HIGH-PROTEIN CULTIVAR OF OATS (HINOATS) AS A FEED FOR SWINE

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. ANDERSON ◽  
J. M. BELL ◽  
G. I. CHRISTISON
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

Oats (Avena sativa L. cv. Hinoats, 14.6% crude protein, 4.66 Mcal GE/kg) were tested in digestion and feeding trials with growing–finishing pigs from 23 to 91 kg body weight. Up to 57 kg, groups of six crossbred pigs (3 male, 3 female) in a 3 × 3 factorial experiment were fed supplemented diets of Hinoats meal, Hinoats pellets or 2/3 Hinoats:1/3 wheat, each with one of three supplements: either 0.2% lysine plus 0.05% methionine, or with half levels of these amino acids plus 2% soybean meal, or 6% soybean meal. At 57 kg, the pigs were assigned from each grower ration to one of three finisher rations, these being the three grower rations supplemented only with amino acids. Feeding was allowed for three 1-h periods daily up to 57 kg body weight and for two 1-h periods thereafter. Pigs of 23–57 kg fed pellets had greater daily feed intakes than pigs fed meal or the meal ration containing wheat (1.90, 1.70, 1.77 kg, respectively) and grew faster (0.69, 0.60, 0.60 kg/day, respectively). From 57 kg body weight, performance was not affected by previous diet but pigs fed pellets ate more and grew faster than the others. Hinoats rations were efficiently utilized by the pigs. In separate digestion trials, Hinoats energy and protein were found to be 72 and 82% digestible, respectively.

COPPER AND ZINC SUPPLEMENTATION OF PIG DIETS CONTAINING SOYBEAN MEAL OR RAPESEED MEAL (BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS cv. SPAN)

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. OMOLE ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Dietary Minerals ◽  
High Level ◽  
Low Erucic Acid ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

Forty-eight crossbred pigs, equalized as to sex, were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with protein supplements from either soybean meal (SBM), rapeseed meal (RSM) from Brassica campestris cv. Span (low erucic acid oil) seed or a combination of SBM and RSM. Diets containing each source of protein were supplemented with 10, 135 or 210 ppm copper; some of the diets supplemented with 210 ppm copper were further supplemented with 200 ppm zinc in addition to the 50 ppm zinc added to all diets. Feed intake, efficiency of feed utilization and digestion coefficients for energy and nitrogen were not significantly (P < 0.05) affected by supplemental minerals, protein source or sex. Gain was lower (P < 0.10) for pigs fed RSM compared with SBM or SBM and RSM combined. Copper concentrations in the liver and kidney increased with increase in dietary copper levels. Two hundred and fifty ppm zinc decreased (nonsignificantly) copper stores in livers and kidneys of copper-fed pigs. Muscle and fat copper levels were not influenced by dietary minerals. Oleic acid (18:1) was higher in the depot fats of pigs receiving high level copper supplements. Dietary zinc or protein did not significantly affect fatty acid composition of adipose tissue.

scholarly journals A Multicarbohydrase and Phytase Complex Is Able to Compensate a Nutrient-Deficiency in Growing-Finishing Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1129
Author(s):  
Ya-Kuan Huang ◽  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Hua Sun ◽  
Xue-Mei Xu ◽  
Jlali Maamer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Finishing Pigs

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of supplementing a corn-wheat-soybean meal-based diet with a multicarbohydrase and phytase complex (MCPC) on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients, carcass traits, and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 300 pigs (Duroc × Large White × Landrace; body weight = 25.3 ± 0.7 kg) were randomly allotted to three groups with 10 replicates of 10 pigs each. Pigs from three groups were fed positive control (PC) or negative control (NC), without or with MCPC diets, respectively. The MCPC supplied at least 1800, 1244, 6600, and 1000 units of xylanase, β-glucanase, α-arabinofuranosidase, and phytase per kilogram of diet, respectively. The NC diet was the PC diet but reduced in net energy (NE), digestible amino acids (dig. AA), digestible P (dig. P), and Ca by 74 kcal/kg, 7.0%, 0.134, and 0.119 percentage points, respectively. The diets were fed in 4 growth phases based on body weight (BW): phase 1: 25–50 kg, phase 2: 50–75 kg, phase 3: 75–100 kg, and phase 4: 100–135 kg. Compared to the PC, the NC diet decreased (p < 0.05) body weight gain, feed intake, and(or) feed to gain ratio during the growing/finishing phases 1, 2, 3, and 4. It also reduced (p < 0.05) the ATTD of crude protein, crude fat, P, and Ca of pigs. MCPC supplementation improved (p < 0.05) the body weight gain, feed intake, and(or) feed to gain ratio in phases 2, 3, and 4 and the ATTD of crude protein, crude fat, ash, P, and Ca for the NC diet. Additionally, dietary treatment had no effects on carcass traits and meat quality with the exception that the loin eye area in the NC plus MCPC diet was higher (p < 0.05) than the NC diet. In conclusion, the addition of MCPC to a corn-soybean meal-wheat-based diet reduced in energy and nutrients improved the growth performance and nutrient digestibility but had little effect on carcass traits and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs.

The effect of method of dietary oil application on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 78-78
Author(s):  
E. Magowan ◽  
M. E. E. McCann ◽  
V. E. Beattie ◽  
K. J. McCracken ◽  
R. Bradford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Common Method ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Oil Blend ◽  
Dietary Oil

Oil supplementation of by-product based diets is a common method of increasing the energy content of pig diets to levels equivalent to those of cereal-based diets (Overland et al 1999). However, by-product based diets supplemented with oil have been reported to reduce feed intake and digestible energy intake when compared with cereal-based diets (Magowan et al 2004). It is not known whether this effect occurs as a result of the higher levels of fibre in by-product-based diets or as a result of a reduction in palatability arising from the inclusion of oil in the pellet. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of method of vegetable oil blend application (either incorporated directly into the pellet (IN), or sprayed on after pelleting (SP)) on the performance and carcass characteristics of commercially housed finishing pigs.

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