The Social Phenomenon of Women Empowerment in Nigeria: A Theoretical Approach

Nas últimas décadas se observa o retorno da religião sob forma de fundamentalismo religioso, utilizando a mídia e instrumentos de pressão política para fazer valer suas crenças, pois diante do receio ao questionamento, os fundamentalistas veem no “outro”, no diferente, uma ameaça a ser combatida e, em alguns casos, extirpada para preservar suas convicções. O presente estudo tem por objetivo discutir as tendências sócio-políticas do fundamentalismo religioso cristão. Para tanto, com método bibliográfico narrativo, visitamos alguns autores em nível nacional e internacional, que abordam as condições que fizeram emergir o fenômeno social do fundamentalismo religioso, sua estruturação e atuação, até suas demandas sócio-políticas. Os resultados apontam que quando se identifica e transfere qualquer responsabilidade pessoal e histórica para as forças externas, o “outro”, entendido como pessoa e/ou instituição, não podemos negar que esse processo alcança dimensões de problema social. Notamos algumas tendências como mudança de movimento religioso para ideologia acirrada, da postura de fiel para militância, do “ad intra” das religiões para demandas “ad extra”, dos altares e púlpitos para ocupações políticas.Palavras-chave: Fundamentalismo Religioso; Protestante; Católico. CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALISM: SOCIAL-POLITICS TENDENCIESAbstractIn the last decades the return of religion in religious fundamentalism form can be observed, using media and instruments of political pressure, because when facing the fear of questioning, fundamentalists see in the “other”, in the different, a threat to be stopped and, in some cases, extirpated top preserve their convictions. This study aims to discuss the social-politics tendencies of the Christian religious fundamentalism. For that, with the narrative bibliographic method, we visited some authors of national and international level, that approach the conditions that caused the emergence of the religious fundamentalism social phenomenon, its structure and role, until its social-politics demand. The results show that when any personal or historical responsibility is identified and transferred to external forces, the “other”, understood as person and/or institution, we cannot deny this process reaches dimensions of social problem. We notice some tendencies such as the change of the religious movement to fierce ideology, from the posture of faithful to militancy, from “ad intra” of religions to “ad extra” demands, from the altars and pulpits to political positions.Keywords: Religious Fundamentalism; Protestant; Catholic.

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Poverty and Penia

10.1093/oso/9780198786931.003.0001 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Claire Taylor

Keyword(s):

Social Sciences ◽

Theoretical Approach ◽

Ancient World ◽

The Poor ◽

The Social ◽

Methodological Problems ◽

Previous Scholarship

This chapter lays out the theoretical approach for the book and discusses the methodological problems of writing about poverty and the poor in the ancient world. Whilst studying the lives of the poor in the ancient world is to some extent elusive, it argues that historians can do more than simply imagine this group of people back into the gaps left by other evidence. As well as reviewing previous scholarship on poverty in the ancient world, it suggests a way forward which is more in line with contemporary poverty research within the social sciences.

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Forensic Geoarchaeology in the Search for Missing Persons

Forensic Sciences ◽

10.3390/forensicsci1010003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 8-15

Author(s):

Pier Matteo Barone ◽

Rosa Maria Di Maggio ◽

Silvia Mesturini

Keyword(s):

Satellite Images ◽

Social Phenomenon ◽

Geographic Profiling ◽

Missing Persons ◽

The Social ◽

Multispectral Satellite Images

Despite widespread concern over missing persons, there has always been little clarity on what the word “missing” means. Although the category of young runaways is, indeed, an important cluster, other popular concepts related to disappearances describe a portion of missing persons. Thus, the following question persists: What exactly does “missing” mean? In this brief communication, we would like to open a discussion about the social phenomenon of missing persons and the consequent deployment of people and techniques to find those persons. In particular, the benefits of some forensic geoarchaeological approaches that are not yet fully standardized will be highlighted, such as geographic profiling and the use of multispectral satellite images, in order to provide materials for future searching protocols.

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Quantification and classification in education: What is at stake?

Policy Futures in Education ◽

10.1177/14782103211032049 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 147821032110320

Author(s):

Ann Christin Eklund Nilsen ◽

Ove Skarpenes

Keyword(s):

Sociology Of Knowledge ◽

Central Place ◽

Social Phenomenon ◽

Ian Hacking ◽

The Public ◽

Statistical Knowledge ◽

The Social ◽

State Bureaucracy ◽

The Public Sphere ◽

Different Levels

Histories of statistics and quantification have demonstrated that systems of statistical knowledge participate in the construction of the objects that are measured. However, the pace, purpose, and scope of quantification in state bureaucracy have expanded greatly over the past decades, fuelled by (neoliberal) societal trends that have given the social phenomenon of quantification a central place in political discussions and in the public sphere. This is particularly the case in the field of education. In this article, we ask what is at stake in state bureaucracy, professional practice, and individual pupils as quantification increasingly permeates the education field. We call for a theoretical renewal in order to understand quantification as a social phenomenon in education. We propose a sociology-of-knowledge approach to the phenomenon, drawing on different theoretical traditions in the sociology of knowledge in France (Alain Desrosières and Laurent Thévenot), England (Barry Barnes and Donald MacKenzie), and Canada (Ian Hacking), and argue that the ongoing quantification practice at different levels of the education system can be understood as cultural processes of self-fulfilling prophecies.

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Forecast Hesitancy: Why are People Reluctant to Believe, Accept, or Respond to Various Weather, Water, and Climate Hazard-Related Forecasts?

International Journal of Disaster Risk Science ◽

10.1007/s13753-021-00353-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michael H. Glantz ◽

Gregory E. Pierce

Keyword(s):

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Social Phenomenon ◽

Targeted Interventions ◽

Personal Risk ◽

Societal Value ◽

The Social ◽

The World ◽

Near Term ◽

Risk Reducing ◽

Delayed Responses

AbstractCurrent discussions of the social phenomenon of “vaccine hesitancy” with regard to Covid-19 provide an opportunity to use hesitancy as a means to shift thinking about untimely and delayed responses to forecasts of hydrometeorological hazards. Hesitancy, that is, provides a paradigm through which such regrettably delayed responses to hydromet hazards might be better understood and effectively addressed. Without exaggeration, just about every hydromet event provides an example of how hesitancy hinders individual, community, and national government risk-reducing preventive and mitigative responses to forecasts of foreseeable, relatively near-term climate, water, or weather hazards. Reasons for such hesitancy (for vaccine and forecast use alike) include—among others—lack of trust in the science, lack of confidence in government, and persistent concern about the uncertainties that surround forecasting—both meteorological and public health. As such, a better understanding of the causes that lead to individual and group hesitancy can better inform hydromet forecasters and affected communities about ways in which beneficial actions in response to timely forecasts are often delayed. This better understanding will facilitate, where necessary, targeted interventions to enhance the societal value of forecasting by reducing this long-observed challenge of “forecast hesitancy.” First, this article focuses on incidents of “vaccine hesitancy” that, for various reasons, people around the world are even now experiencing with regard to several now-available, and confirmed efficacious, Covid-19 vaccines. Reports of such incidents of indecisiveness first increased dramatically over the first few months of 2021, despite the strong scientific confidence that vaccination would significantly lower personal risk of contracting as well as spreading the virus. After, the notion of forecast hesitancy with regard to hydrometeorological hazards is discussed.It’s not what you say, it’s what people hear.-Frank Luntz (2007)

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The Mashups of YouTube

Nordicom Review ◽

10.2478/nor-2013-0053 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 47-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Thomas Mosebo Simonsen

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Approach ◽

Structural Connectivity ◽

Social Mechanisms ◽

Social Communities ◽

The Social ◽

Communicative Abilities ◽

Formal Characteristic

Abstract This article focuses on YouTube mashups and how we can understand them as a specific subgenre on YouTube. The Mashups are analysed as audiovisual recontextualizations that are given new meaning, e.g., via collaborative social communities or for individual promotional purposes. This is elaborated on throughout a discussion on Mashups as a mode of everyday bricolages, which are moreover discussed through a theoretical approach to Mashups as exponents of what has been called “Vernacular Creativity”. The article also argues that the novelty of Mashups is not be found in its formal characteristic, but rather in its social and communicative abilities within the YouTube community. This leads to the article’s overall argument that the main characteristic of the YouTube Mashup can be explained in terms of connectivity. It is argued that Mashups reveal a double articulation of connectivity; one that involves the social mechanisms of the Mashups, and another mode, which concerns the explicit embedding of structural connectivity that accentuates the medium-specific infrastructure of YouTube. This double articulation of connectivity is furthermore elaborated on by including Grusin and Bolter’s concept of remediation. Methodologically, the article draws on empirical observations and examples of Mashups are included to demonstrate the article’s main arguments.

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On the Colonization of Amerindian Languages and Memories: Renaissance Theories of Writing and the Discontinuity of the Classical Tradition

Comparative Studies in Society and History ◽

10.1017/s0010417500017709 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 301-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Walter D. Mignolo

Keyword(s):

Sixteenth Century ◽

Classical Tradition ◽

Michel Foucault ◽

Theoretical Approach ◽

Case History ◽

Western Tradition ◽

Discursive Formation ◽

Historical Significance ◽

The Social ◽

Archaeology Of Knowledge

When George Balandier proposed his theoretical approach to a colonial situation, the colonization of language was not an issue that piqued the interest of scholars in history, sociology, economics, or anthropology, which were the primary disciplines targeted in his article. When some fifteen years later Michel Foucault underlined the social and historical significance of language (‘l'énoncé*’) and discursive formation, the colonization of language was still not an issue to those attentive to the archaeology of knowledge. Such an archaeology, founded on the paradigmatic example generally understood as the Western tradition, overlooked the case history in which an archaeology of discursive formation would have led to the very root of the massive colonization of language which began in the sixteenth century with the expansion of the Spanish and Portuguese empires.

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The Social Implications of Technical ChangeSocial, Economic and Technological Change: A Theoretical Approach. Bureau International de Recherche sur les Implications Social du Progrès Technique

Economic Development and Cultural Change ◽

10.1086/449792 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 186-188

Author(s):

Bert F. Hoselitz

Keyword(s):

Technological Change ◽

Theoretical Approach ◽

Social Implications ◽

Progrès Technique ◽

The Social

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What Makes a Hero? Theorising the Social Structuring of Heroism

Sociology ◽

10.1177/0038038518764568 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 87-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kristian Frisk

Keyword(s):

Social Order ◽

Sociological Research ◽

Social Phenomenon ◽

The Social ◽

The Individual ◽

Social Structuring ◽

The Relationship

The article discusses four dominant perspectives in the sociology of heroism: the study of great men; hero stories; heroic actions; and hero institutions. The discussion ties together heroism and fundamental sociological debates about the relationship between the individual and the social order; it elucidates the socio-psychological, cultural/ideational and socio-political structuring of heroism, which challenges the tendency to understand people, actions and events as naturally, or intrinsically, heroic; and it points to a theoretical trajectory within the literature, which has moved from very exclusive to more inclusive conceptualisations of a hero. After this discussion, the article examines three problematic areas in the sociology of heroism: the underlying masculine character of heroism; the presumed disappearance of the hero with modernisation; and the principal idea of heroism as a pro-social phenomenon. The article calls for a more self-conscious engagement with this legacy, which could stimulate dialogue across different areas of sociological research.

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RIAK-RIAK POSMODERN DALAM CERPEN ABRACADABRA KARYA DANARTO

Lingua Didaktika Jurnal Bahasa dan Pembelajaran Bahasa ◽

10.24036/ld.v4i1.7390 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 18

Author(s):

Dudy Syafruddin

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

Short Story ◽

Human Mind ◽

Social Phenomenon ◽

Literary Works ◽

Historiographic Metafiction ◽

The Social ◽

The 1960S

Literature is a product of culture keeping abreast of human mind. Literary works is a means for the authors to express the social phenomenon in his life. The discourses about postmodernism in the second half of twentieth century, as a part of the story of human mind, was a profound interest for the Authors. In Indonesia, the postmodern discourse has come up in the 1960s. This paper involves the elements of Postmodernism in the short story “Abacadabra” written by Danarto. The dominant elements in this short story are parody, fragmentary, and historiographic metafiction.

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