Evaluating the Relationship between Instrument Cluster Design, User Preference, and Driving Behavior among Demographic Groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-232
Author(s):  
Brian Weiss ◽  
Bochen Jia ◽  
Sang-Hwan Kim ◽  
Claudia Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Driving Behavior ◽  
User Preference ◽  
Instrument Cluster ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cluster Design

121 Behavioral Attention Relationships Vary Between Demographic Groups Across Sleep Loss and Recovery

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A49-A50
Author(s):  
Caroline Antler ◽  
Erika Yamazaki ◽  
Tess Brieva ◽  
Courtney Casale ◽  
Namni Goel
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Sleep Loss ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Median Split ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
High Bmi

Abstract Introduction The Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) is a behavioral attention measure widely used to describe sleep loss deficits. Although there are reported differences in PVT performance for various demographic groups, no study has examined the relationship between measures on the 10-minute PVT (PVT10) and the 3-minute PVT (PVT3) within sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) groups throughout a highly controlled sleep deprivation study. Methods Forty-one healthy adults (mean±SD ages, 33.9±8.9y) participated in a 13-night experiment [2 baseline nights (10h-12h time in bed, TIB) followed by 5 sleep restriction (SR1-5) nights (4h TIB), 4 recovery nights (R1-R4; 12h TIB), and 36h total sleep deprivation (TSD)]. A neurobehavioral test battery, including the PVT10 and PVT3 was completed every 2h during wakefulness. Repeated measures correlation (rmcorr) compared PVT10 and PVT3 lapses (reaction time [RT] >355ms [PVT3] and >500ms [PVT10]) and response speed (1/RT) by examining correlations by day (e.g., baseline day 2) and time point (e.g., 1000h-2000h) within sex groups (18 females), within age groups defined by a median split (median=32, range=21-49y), and within BMI groups defined by a median split (median=25, range=17-31). Results PVT10 and PVT3 1/RT was significantly correlated at all study days and time points excluding at baseline for the younger group and at R2 for the higher BMI group. PVT10 and PVT3 lapses showed overall lower correlations across the study relative to 1/RT. Lapses were not significantly correlated at baseline for any group, for males across recovery (R1-R4), for the high BMI group at R2-R4, for the older group at R2-R3, or for the younger group at SR5 or R3. Conclusion Differentiating participants based on age, sex, or BMI revealed important variation in the relationship between PVT10 and PVT3 measures across the study. Surprisingly, lapses were not significantly correlated at baseline for any demographic group or across recovery for males or the high BMI or older group. Thus, PVT10 and PVT3 lapses may be less comparable in certain populations when well-rested. These findings add to a growing literature suggesting demographic factors may be important factors to consider when evaluating the effects of sleep loss. Support (if any) ONR Award N00014-11-1-0361;NIH UL1TR000003;NASA NNX14AN49G and 80NSSC20K0243; NIHR01DK117488

scholarly journals A user preference modelling method for the assessment of visual complexity in building façade

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dheyaa Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Visual Complexity ◽  
User Preference ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Modelling Method ◽  
Building Facades ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis study aims to provide a method to assess the perceptual impact of the visual complexity of building façades.Design/methodology/approachThe research identifies the number of design elements and the variation in their position and colour as variables of visual complexity. It introduces the concepts of vertices and corners as atomic indicators on which the measurement of these variables is built. It measures visual complexity and its variables in images of building façades and analyses their relationships with participants' reactions. It reports on the effect of visual complexity on preferences, the adequacy of different methods in measuring visual complexity and the perceptual impact of each of its variables.FindingsThe research demonstrates that visual complexity can be assessed through the measure of its variables and their statistical mapping to users' preferences.Originality/valueThe manuscript provides the foundation for a planning/assessment tool for the visual control of the built environment using computer systems based on the preferences of residents through the examination of the relationship between the users and their environment. It creates a paradigm, which introduces a robust concept in the visual analysis of urban design.

scholarly journals Does Resident Participation in an Urban Regeneration Project Improve Neighborhood Satisfaction: A Case Study of “Amichojang” in Busan, South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3755
Author(s):  
Eunae Jin ◽  
Woojong Lee ◽  
Danya Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Neighborhood Satisfaction ◽  
Local Resident ◽  
Resident Participation ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Relationship

One of the keys to successfully facilitating urban regeneration projects is to encourage resident participation, because participation produces more than just outcomes. However, few studies have examined whether the residents’ participation in urban regeneration projects also increases residents’ neighborhood satisfaction. Seeking to address this gap, our study examines the relationship between urban regeneration projects and residents’ satisfaction, focusing on ‘Amichojang’ in Busan, South Korea. We collect 292 valid survey data and then geocode them based on their specific home address to consider spatial characteristics of their residential locations. We also employ an ordered probit model to account for our dependent variable measured as a five-point Likert scale. Our empirical results show that resident participation in urban regeneration projects is positively associated with improvement of neighborhood satisfaction. This result suggests that encouraging local resident participation in urban regeneration projects is significant for the success of these projects. However, there exist gender and age differences in the relationship between participation and neighborhood satisfaction. Therefore, various programs that can encourage more participation in urban regeneration projects should be designed for different demographic groups.

Association of Pathological Gambling with Depression in Scotland

2006 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crawford Moodie ◽  
Frances Finnigan
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Small Community ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cluster Design

As most research concerning gambling and depression has been conducted on clinical populations, the present study examined the relationship between gambling and depression across a large sample in Scotland in higher education and the community. A questionnaire-based cluster design involved the distribution of the South Oaks Gambling Screen and the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale mainly to students and staff of higher educational establishments, with small community and gambling samples also included. Thirty-seven colleges and universities across Scotland participated in the research, with a sample of 2,259 people aged sixteen years of age or over ( M = 28.9 yr., SD = 13.4) being obtained. It was found that past-year probable pathological gamblers had significantly higher depression than problem gamblers, nonproblem gamblers, and nongamblers. However, when probable pathological gamblers who had sought treatment were omitted from the analysis, the nontreatment-seeking probable pathological gambling group no longer had significantly higher depression than the problem gambling group. Female problem and probable pathological gamblers had particularly high depressive symptomatology, suggesting comorbid depression may be a prominent feature of problematic female gambling.

Does social media matter for post typology? Impact of post content on Facebook and Instagram metrics

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Limongi França Coelho ◽  
Denise Santos de Oliveira ◽  
Marcos Inácio Severo de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
User Preference ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Body Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to measure the impact of post type (advertising, fan, events, information, and promotion) on two interaction metrics: likes and comments. The measuring involved two popular social media, Facebook and Instagram, and in business profiles of five different segments (food, hairdressing, ladies’ footwear, body design, fashion gym wear). Design/methodology/approach – The method used was multiple regression analysis with an estimator of the ordinary least squares for 1,849 posts from five different companies posted on Facebook (680 posts) and Instagram (1,169 Instagram) over an eight-month posting period. Regression analysis was used to identify the relationship between the dependent variables (likes and comments), and the independent variables (post typology, segments, week period, month, characters and hashtag). Findings – It was seen that the post types events and promotion led to a greater involvement of followers in Instagram, in particular. In Facebook, the events post type was only significant in the like’s interaction. Another finding of the research is the relevance of the food and body design segment which was significant in both virtual social media. This indicates a user preference involving their day-to-day lives, in this case, having a tattoo done or seeing a photo of a dessert. Originality/value – With the findings of this study, academics and social media managers can improve the return indicators of interactions in posts and broaden the discussion on the types of post and interaction in different virtual social media.

scholarly journals Driving Behavior and mileage with the Incidence of ISPA in Students UNAIR Surabaya

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Rezkha Mala Ludyaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Vehicle Exhaust ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship

Productive lifes short by health problems cause inhaling dirty air generate from motor vehicle exhaust emissions. Transport activities generate air pollutants that lead to the onset of disease Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI). The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between driving behavior and mileage with ARI at Airlangga University students. This research was an observational analytic study and case control design. The sample size in this study was 44 people for each group of cases and controls with systematic random sampling technique. To determine the relationship and odd ratio, the study used statistical Chi Square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between driving behavior consists of the used of PPE (p = 0.008), speed drive (p = 0.001), and the distance (p = 0.001) with ARI. Respondents who never wore PPE might increase that risk of acute respiratory infection 2.6 times compared with respondents who always wear PPE. Driving speed of <60 km/hours had 5.4 times the risk of developing ARI than respondents with speed >60 km/hours. Mileage ≥5 km had 5.156 times the risk of acute respiratory infection compared with respondents mileage <5km. It was concluded that driving behavior and mileage associated with ARI. It is recommended that officers PLK Airlangga University type C provide brochures, free masks, and held a car free day to students with the aim of reducing the incidence of ARI. Keywords: Driving Behavior, Mileage, and ARI

scholarly journals Analisis Perilaku Pengemudi Truk Serta Kontribusinya Pada Kecelakaan

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Budi Dwi Hartanto
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
Aggressive Driving ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRAKIn Indonesia, the death rate due to road traffic accidents is still quite high, with some of these accidents involving trucks. Several studies stated that the main cause of traffic accidents is human error. Therefore, research related to the behavior of truck drivers and their contribution to accidents is necessary.There are four variables used in this study, namely green driver (X1), multitasking driving (X2), aggressive driving (Y), and accidents (Z). Path analysis is used to describe the relationship and influence between variables.The results of the analysis show that the green driver variable and the multitasking driving variable simultaneously have a direct effect on aggressive driving behavior, but the two variables have no direct effect on the level of accident risk. Green drivers and multitasking driving have an indirect effect on the level of accident risk through the level of aggressive driving behavior which functions as an intervening variable.ABSTRAKDi Indonesia tingkat kematian yang diakibatkan  kecelakaan lalu lintas jalan masih cukup tinggi, dimana sebagian dari kecelakaan tersebut melibatkan kendaraan angkutan barang (truk). Beberapa penelitian menyebutkan bahwa penyebab utama terjadinya kecelakaan lalu lintas adalah human error. Oleh sebab maka penelitian terkait dengan perilaku pengemudi truk serta kontribusinya pada kecelakaaan perlu untuk dilakukan.Terdapat empat variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu variabel usia muda serta minim pengalaman (X1), mengemudi dalam kondisi multitasking (X2), mengemudi secara agresif (Y), dan potensi terjadinya kecelakaan (Z). Untuk menggambarkan hubungan dan pengaruh antar variabel digunakan analisis jalur (path analysis).Dari hasil analisis diketahui bahwa variabel usia muda serta minim pengalaman dan variabel mengemudi dalam kondisi multitasking secara simultan berpengaruh langsung terhadap perilaku mengemudi agresif, namun kedua variabel tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap tingkat resiko kecelakaan. Usia muda serta minim pengalaman dan mengemudi dalam kondisi multitasking berpengaruh tidak langsung terhadap tingkat resiko kecelakaan melalui tingkat perilaku mengemudi agresif yang berfungsi sebagai variabel intervening

scholarly journals PENGARUH KEBIASAAN BERKENDARA TERHADAP PERILAKU BERKENDARA DAN ATRIBUT BERKENDARA DRIVER OJEK ONLINE (STUDI KASUS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Novie Susanto ◽  
Esa Akhmad Mujahidin ◽  
Siswanto Siswanto
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Taxi Drivers ◽  
Partial Least Square Method ◽  
Motorcycle Taxi ◽  
The Relationship

Ojek online hadir ditengah banyaknya jumlah sepeda motor dengan melihat peluang bisnis ojek online. Jumlah kendaraan bermotor tiap tahunnya yang semakin meningkat menyebabkan jumlah kecelakaan yang terjadi dari tahun ke tahun juga ikut mengalami peningkatan. Menganalisis hubungan antara kebiasaan berkendara terhadap perilaku berkendara dan atribut berkendara merupakan langkah pencegahan kecelakaan pada driver ojek online. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode PLS (Partial Least Square) untuk menganalisis hubungan antara variabel kebiasaan berkendara terhadap perilaku dan atribut berkendara. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dari metode PLS didapatkan kebiasaan berkendara memeiliki hubungan signifikan dengan t-stat 4,584 terhadap atribut berkendara. Variabel kebiasaan berkendara memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap erilaku berkendara dengan t-stat 64,533. Perilaku berkendara memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap atribut berkendara dengan nilai t-stat 3,567. Abstract[THE EFFECT OF DRIVING HABITS TO DRIVING BEHAVIOR AND DRIVING ATTRIBUTE OF ONLINE MOTORCYCLE TAXI DRIVERS (A CASE STUDY)] Online motorcycle taxi comes in the middle of the number of motorbikes by looking at the motorcycle taxi business opportunities online. The number of vehicles that are increasing every year which increases causing the number that occurs from year to year which also increases. Analyzing the relationship between driving while traffic and the attribute of riding traffic towards OJEK ONLINE drivers is one of effort to decrease the number of accidents. This study uses the PLS (Partial Least Square) method to analyze the relationship between driving habits variables on driving behavior and attributes. Based on the test results of the PLS method, it is showed that driving habits have a significant relationship with the t-stat 4,584 to the driving attributes. The driving habits variable has a significant relationship to driving behavior with t-stat 64,533. Driving behavior has a significant relationship to driving attributes with a t-stat value of 3.567. Keywords: driving habits; driving behavior; driving attributes; PLS; online motorcycle taxi

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