Association of Pathological Gambling with Depression in Scotland

2006 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crawford Moodie ◽  
Frances Finnigan
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Small Community ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cluster Design

As most research concerning gambling and depression has been conducted on clinical populations, the present study examined the relationship between gambling and depression across a large sample in Scotland in higher education and the community. A questionnaire-based cluster design involved the distribution of the South Oaks Gambling Screen and the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale mainly to students and staff of higher educational establishments, with small community and gambling samples also included. Thirty-seven colleges and universities across Scotland participated in the research, with a sample of 2,259 people aged sixteen years of age or over ( M = 28.9 yr., SD = 13.4) being obtained. It was found that past-year probable pathological gamblers had significantly higher depression than problem gamblers, nonproblem gamblers, and nongamblers. However, when probable pathological gamblers who had sought treatment were omitted from the analysis, the nontreatment-seeking probable pathological gambling group no longer had significantly higher depression than the problem gambling group. Female problem and probable pathological gamblers had particularly high depressive symptomatology, suggesting comorbid depression may be a prominent feature of problematic female gambling.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Pathological Gambling in Quebec in 2002

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Ladouceur ◽  
Christian Jacques ◽  
Serge Chevalier ◽  
Serge Sévigny ◽  
Denis Hamel
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Screening Instruments ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pathological Gamblers

Objective: To assess gambling behaviours and the problems associated with pathological gambling among the adult population of Quebec in 2002. Method: In Phase 1 of this 2-phase study, a total sample of 8842 adults was assessed. We used the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), adapted for telephone interview, to assess one-half of the sample; the other one-half was evaluated with the Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI). In the study's second phase, we compared the classifications obtained from these screening instruments with classifications obtained by a psychologist using a semistructured clinical telephone interview. Results: The results indicate that the prevalence of pathological gambling in 2002 (at which time 0.8% of the adult population were classified as probable pathological gamblers) did not differ from the proportion obtained in 1996 (1.0%), despite the significant decrease in gambling participation in 2002 (81% vs 90% in 1996). The most popular gambling activities were buying lottery tickets (68%), participating in fundraising draws (40%), gambling in casinos (18%), playing cards with family or with friends (10%), playing bingo (9%), and playing video lotteries (8%). The findings obtained from the SOGS and the CPGI revealed that the 2 instruments perform similarly when identifying pathological gambling prevalence. However, the results of the semistructured clinical telephone interviews differed from the results obtained with the screening instruments: 82% of the gamblers initially identified as probable pathological gamblers by the SOGS or the CPGI were not confirmed by a clinical interview. Conclusion: The discrepancy between the results of the screening questionnaires and the clinical evaluation is significant, and this difference needs to be addressed before further cross-sectional or longitudinal studies are conducted.

scholarly journals BROODING MODERATES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CEREBROVASCULAR BURDEN AND VASCULAR DEPRESSION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S877-S878
Author(s):  
Manuel Herrera Legon ◽  
Daniel Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Vascular Depression ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective: The vascular depression hypothesis posits that cerebrovascular burden confers risk for late-life depression. Though neuroanatomical correlates of vascular depression (prefrontal white matter hyperintensities) are well established, little is known about cognitive correlates; the identification of which may suggest therapeutic targets. Aims of this study are to examine the hypothesis that the relationship between cerebrovascular burden and depressive symptoms is moderated by brooding, a type of rumination. Method: A sample of 52 community-dwelling, stroke-free, individuals over the age of 70, without history of severe mental illness or dementia completed the Ruminative Responses Scale, and provided self-report (cardiac disease, hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol) CVB data. The Geriatric Depression Scale was used to assess depressive symptomatology. Results: Results of a bootstrapped model were that self-reported measures of CVB predicted depressive symptomatology. This relationship was significantly moderated by brooding. Among older adults, those who self-reported high CVB and medium to elevated levels of rumination experienced disproportionately more depressive symptomatology. Conclusions: These findings suggest that brooding rumination may be one correlate of the vascular depression syndrome. Future research should examine neuroanatomical correlates of rumination among older adults, and further explore brooding as a therapeutic target for those with late-life depression.

scholarly journals 1089 Water Intake Moderates the Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Depressive Symptoms: The Latino Health and Well-Being Study

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A414-A415
Author(s):  
J Blanc ◽  
N Williams ◽  
G Jean-Louis ◽  
S Lemon ◽  
M Rosal
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Latino Adults ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract Introduction This study examined the relationships between sleep quality and depressive symptoms, and whether this relationship is moderated by frequency of water intake in a sample of Latino adults. Methods Participants in this community-based study were 574 Latino adults from Lawrence, Massachusetts. Assessments included surveys and anthropological measures. Variables in this study included sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index- PSQI), depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale -CES-D) and frequency of water intake in the previous three months (investigator-developed question). Covariates included demographics, stress (Perceived Stress Scale-PSS), and body mass index (BMI). Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to explore associations between sleep and depressive symptoms. Potential moderating effect of frequency of water intake was assessed using hierarchical, moderated, multiple regression analysis. Results The sample was 51.2% female, with a mean age of 46.6 years (SD=15.4) and mean BMI of 29.6 (SD=5.9); 31% of the sample had CES-D scores > 22 (cut off for elevated depressive symptoms), the mean PSQI score was 13.11(SD=3.4) and 92% reported water intake two or more times daily. Sleep quality correlated positively with depression (r=.558; p=.000). After adjusting for covariates, sleep quality was strongly associated with depression (B = .417; SE=13; p =.000). The relationship between sleep quality and depressive symptoms was moderated by frequency of water intake (B= -.186, SE =1.107; p= 0.11). Conclusion This study is among the first to examine the association between sleep quality and depressive symptoms among Latino adults, and to show that frequency of water intake may moderate this association in this population. Support This study was supported by funding from the NIH: R01 MH085653; 1U48DP006381; and T32HL129953.

Extent of depressive symptomatology among patients seeking care in prepaid group practice

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet R. Hankin ◽  
Ben Z. Locke
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Group Practice ◽  
Health Practitioner ◽  
Health Practitioners

SynopsisA total of 1921 consecutive adult patients seen in the Departments of Internal Medicine and Obstetrics–Gynaecology at a prepaid group practice completed a self-administered depressive symptomatology questionnaire, the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). New health practitioners and physicians, who were not mental health specialists, blindly judged the presence or absence of depressive symptomatology. Twenty-one per cent of the patients suffered from depressive symptoms according to the CES-D, but only 15% of these were judged to be depressed by their physician or new health practitioner. The variables which predict the recognition of depressive symptomatology are discussed.

The relationship of tobacco smoking with depressive symptomatology in the Third Mexican National Addictions Survey

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 881-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. BENJET ◽  
F. A. WAGNER ◽  
G. G. BORGES ◽  
M. E. MEDINA-MORA
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Third ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Complex Design ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship

Background. While an association between cigarette smoking and depression has been established in Anglo populations, replication of tobacco–depression associations in countries where smoking is growing may provide important new insights. The objectives of this study were to estimate the association of depressive symptomatology with tobacco smoking, number of cigarettes smoked daily, and smoking cessation in a representative sample of the Mexican population.Method. The data come from the Third National Addictions Survey (1998) conducted by the Mexican Ministry of Health, representative of Mexico's civilian population residing in cities and towns with 2500+ inhabitants, aged 18–64. Part of a multi-stage, stratified, probability sample, 1935 men and women answered a version of the survey that also included the CES-D depression scale. Analyses addressed the survey's complex design and controlled for income and educational level.Results. Among women only, current smokers had twice the odds of elevated depressive symptomatology than never smokers (OR 2·1, 95% CI 1·3–3·5, p=0·002). For men, only those smoking a pack or more a day had greater odds of depressive symptomatology (OR 5·9, 95% CI 1·6–21·9, p=0·008). Overall, former smokers who ceased smoking within 6 months had lower odds of depressive symptomatology than current smokers (OR 0·4, 95% CI 0·1–1·0, p=0·042).Conclusions. These findings add to the accumulating evidence for the association between smoking and depression in different cultures and populations.

The Association of Positive and Negative Events with Depressive Symptomatology among Caregivers

1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline A. Macera ◽  
Elaine D. Eaker ◽  
Robert J. Jannarone ◽  
Dorothy R. Davis ◽  
Carleen H. Stoskopf
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Scale 8 ◽  
Negative Factors

A pilot study of eighty-two caregivers was conducted in South Carolina in 1991 to identify positive and negative factors associated with caregiving. Through home visits, interviewers obtained data on a variety of physical and mental health measures, including two new scales designed to measure perceived “positive” and “negative” events that had occurred in the previous month. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale was used as a measure of depressive symptomatology. For the new scales, only items that were significantly correlated with depressive symptomatology ( p < 0.01) were retained. The new “positive” event scale (8 items) and the new “negative” event scale (16 items) had alpha coefficients of 0.79 and 0.86, respectively. These scales may be useful to researchers in sorting out mediating factors related to the burden of caregiving and in providing points for intervention.

scholarly journals Parenthood and depression: is childlessness similar to sonlessness among Chinese seniors?

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 2097-2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAJA DJUNDEVA ◽  
TOM EMERY ◽  
PEARL A. DYKSTRA
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Parental Status ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Gender Preferences ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTWe investigate how the mental health of older adults (60–85) is associated with childlessness and sonlessness in China, where gender-biased filial expectations and strong son preference exist. The China Family Panel Study (2012, N = 6,021) and ordinary least squares regression models are used to investigate the relationship between depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies – Depression scale) and parental status, distinguishing between childless, parents of both sons and daughters, parents of only sons and parents of only daughters. Arguing that modernisation shapes gender preferences for children as well as formal care and pension provisions for older adults, we find a sharp rural–urban divide in the relationship between parental status and depression. Just having a son is not what matters as the best faring groups are parents who have both sons and daughters, regardless of the number of children. Rural childless and sonless are similar, whereas in urban areas parental status is not so salient, supporting modernisation theory.

Pathological Gambling in Spanish Children and Adolescents: An Emerging Problem

1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisardo Becoña
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
School Children ◽  
Slot Machines ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Representative Samples

Several studies have shown a high prevalence of pathological gamblers among adults in Spain (between 1.5% and 1.7%) of the population (18 years and older). In other countries the prevalence of pathological gambling in children and adolescents has been higher than in adults. Here some results of the first studies conducted in Spain concerning the prevalence of pathological gambling in school children and adolescents (11–16 years) are presented for two cities located in different northern regions of Spain, A Coruña (Galicia) and Gijón (Asturias), with representative samples of school children. The prevalence was 2.2% ( n = 1,200) and 1.6% ( n = 2,185), respectively, for the use of slot machines, using the 1993 DSM-IVJ Questionnaire of Fisher, and 2.4% in the first city with the South Oaks Gambling Screen-Revised Adolescent for all types of gambling. The analyses suggest there is an emerging problem among children and adolescents in Spain perhaps leading to an increased number of pathological gamblers as adults.

scholarly journals Antidepressant use and depressive symptomatology among older people from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Veronica Chow ◽  
Agnes I. Vitry ◽  
Philip Ryan ◽  
Elizabeth E. Roughead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Perceived Health Status ◽  
Australian Longitudinal Study ◽  
Antidepressant Use

ABSTRACTBackground:Depression is one of the leading contributors to the burden of non-fatal diseases in Australia. Although there is an overall increasing trend in antidepressant use, the relationship between use of antidepressants and depressive symptomatology is not clear, particularly in the older population.Methods:Data for this study were obtained from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ALSA), a cohort of 2087 people aged over 65 years at baseline. Four waves of home interviews were conducted between 1992 and 2004 to collect information on sociodemographic and health status. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies – Depression Scale. Use of antidepressants was based on self-report, with the interviewer able to check packaging details if available. Longitudinal analysis was performed using logistic generalized estimating equations to detect if there was any trend in the use of antidepressants, adjusting for potential confounding factors.Results:The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 15.2% in 1992 and 15.8% in 2004 (p> 0.05). The prevalence of antidepressant users increased from 6.5% to 10.9% (p< 0.01) over this period. Among people with depressive symptoms, less than 20% were taking antidepressants at any wave. Among people without depressive symptoms, the prevalence of antidepressant use was 5.2% in 1992 and 12.0% in 2004 (p< 0.01). Being female (OR = 1.67, 95%CI: 1.25–2.24), having poor self-perceived health status (OR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.04–1.32), having physical impairment (OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.14–1.91) and having depressive symptoms (OR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.24–2.13) significantly increased the use of antidepressants, while living in community (OR = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.37–0.71) reduced the risk of antidepressant use.Conclusions:Use of antidepressants increased, while depressive symptoms remained stable, in the ALSA over a 12-year period. Use of antidepressants was low for people with depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals The relationship between skipping breakfast and depression among workers with a focus on psychosocial factors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eisho Yoshikawa ◽  
Daisuke Nishi ◽  
Yutaka J. Matsuoka
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Trait Aggression ◽  
Japanese Workers ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

Abstract Objective Previous studies have indicated that skipping breakfast is not only detrimental to physical health, but is also associated with depression. Myriad psychosocial factors are associated with both skipping breakfast and depression. However, previous research failed to account for these potential psychosocial factors. The aims of this study were to (a) explore the factors associated with breakfast consumption, and (b) investigate the association between the frequency of breakfast consumption and depression, adjusted for various forms of psychosocial confounders by analyzing previously collected data concerning Japanese workers. Result Participants were 575 employee across three Japanese worksites. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD). Frequency of breakfast consumption was categorized into 6 levels. Multi-regression analysis suggested that skipping breakfast was associated with high trait aggression, living alone, and low levels of physical exercise. Logistic regression suggested that skipping breakfast was associated with depression, even after adjusting for potential psychosocial factors including trait aggression, resilience, physical exercise, consumption of fish and fried food, social support, and life events cannot be ruled out.

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