scholarly journals Risk factors for asthma exacerbation in patients presenting to an emergency unit of a national referral hospital in Kampala, Uganda.

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 707 ◽  
Author(s):  
RE Sanya ◽  
BJ Kirenga ◽  
W Worodria ◽  
M Okot-Nwang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Asthma Exacerbation ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Emergency Unit ◽  
National Referral Hospital

scholarly journals Perioperative Risk Factors for Intraoperative Hypothermia in Adult Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery at a National Referral Hospital in Bhutan: A Prospective Observational Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinley Zangmo ◽  
Sunisa Chatmongkolchart ◽  
Pasuree Sangsupawanich
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Perioperative Risk ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Intraoperative Hypothermia ◽  
National Referral Hospital

Objective: Intraoperative hypothermia is commonly encountered in anesthetic practice. It is related to several risk factors and can lead to various adverse events. It is important to detect it early and prevent the complications related to it. This study was done to identify incidence and perioperative risk factors of intraoperative hypothermia at a national referral hospital in Bhutan.Material and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in adult patients who underwent elective surgery lasting more than 30 minutes. Patient characteristics, incidence of hypothermia, and any interventions for treatment of hypothermia during the operation were recorded. Intraoperative hypothermia was defined as a core body temperature less than 36 °C measured with an esophageal probe.Results: Data were obtained from 91 patients with a mean (±standard deviation; S.D.) age of 42.3 (17.2) and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scores of 1 and 2 in 62.6% and 37.4% of the patients, respectively The patients underwent elective surgery with a mean (S.D.) duration of 73.24 (48.1) minutes and a mean (S.D.) duration of anaesthesia of 80.9 (49.2) minutes. The incidence of intraoperative hypothermia was 61.5% (56/91). Preoperative heart rate more than 80 beats per minute [hazard ratio (HR) 0.45, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.26-0.77] was a protective factor and duration of anesthesia more than 60 minutes (HR 1.82, 95% CI, 0.98–3.38) was a risk factor for intraoperative hypothermia.Conclusion: Patients with a preoperative heart rate less than 80 beats per minute and undergoing duration of anesthesia more than 60 minutes should be assessed from the preoperative period and continuously monitored throughout the intraoperative period.

Acceptance of Routine Testing for HIV among Adult Patients at the Medical Emergency Unit at a National Referral Hospital in Kampala, Uganda

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 753-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damalie Nakanjako ◽  
Moses Kamya ◽  
Kyabayinze Daniel ◽  
Harriet Mayanja-Kizza ◽  
Jurgen Freers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Emergency Unit ◽  
Routine Testing ◽  
National Referral Hospital

Anemia and risk factors among children 6 months to 59 months old: a hospital-based prospective study

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Kalpana Chhetri ◽  
Mimi L. Mynak ◽  
Kuenley Pedon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Pediatric Ward ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
National Referral Hospital ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: Anemia is a major public health problem and the most common nutritional issue in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of anemia and factors associated with anemia among children 6 to 59 months old admitted in Pediatric ward of National Referral Hospital, Thimphu. Methods: A hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study. All children 6 months to 59 months old admitted in Pediatric ward of National Referral Hospital, Thimphu were included in the study. A total of 353 children were included in the study. Data was analyzed using STATA 12. Results: The prevalence of anemia was 58.4%. Mild, moderate and severe anemia was 65%, 22.8% and 12.2% respectively. Anemia was more common in children less than 2 years old. The majority of the children had microcytic hypochromic anemia with low serum iron. The risk factors associated with moderate to severe anemia were malnutrition [p-value 0.001, OR 32.1, 95% CI (9.10-118.8)], low education level of caregiver [p value 0.0019, OR 5.10, 95% CI (1.66-15.68), monthly family income less than 5000/month [p-value 0.0004, OR 4.6 , 95% CI (1.89-11.54)] and chronic illness [p value 0.030, OR 2.43, 95% CI (1.08-5.47)]. Conclusion: This study found a high prevalence of anemia in under-5 children, with iron deficiency accounting for the majority of the cases. Children under 2 years were affected more.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis among people living with diabetes mellitus at the National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Wangchuk Wangchuk ◽  
Pem Chuki ◽  
Kinley Dorji ◽  
Tshering Dhendup ◽  
Nidup Dorji
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Median Duration ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
National Referral Hospital

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) with concern over the convergence of these two diseases. Although screening for PTB among people with DM has been recommended by WHO, it has not been implemented in Bhutan yet. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of PTB among people living with DM at the National Referral Hospital (NRH), Thimphu, Bhutan. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from 1st June – 9th October 2018. All 343 consenting DM patients were screened for PTB using the WHO recommended questionnaire and those with TB positive symptoms were tested for active PTB using sputum smear microscopy and Gene-Xpert. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21. Results: The prevalence of PTB among people living with DM was 0.87% (95% CI: 0.20-2.50).The mean age was 54.95 (± 13.2 years) and all were DM type II. The median duration of diabetes was 4 years (range of 0.1-40 years), an average level of HbA1c 7.47 (± 2.6), and median duration on DM medication was 4 years (range of 0.1-40 years) with the majority (88.9%) on oral hypoglycemic drugs. Good glycemic control (HbA1c< 7) was achieved by 39.4% of individuals. PTB risk factors included PTB positive symptoms (7.0%), prior PTB history (5.5%) and recent contact with PTB patient (5.0%). Additional known PTB risk factors were smoking (7.6%), alcohol use (4.1%) and low body mass index (1.5%). Conclusions: Although the prevalence PTB was low, health education, proper case management and risk based screening for PTB among DM is recommended.

scholarly journals Pre-delivery hypotension after spinal anesthesia during cesarean section and its associated factors at Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Bhutan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Tenzin Yoezer ◽  
Karma Tenzin ◽  
Jampel Tshering ◽  
Yin Min Than ◽  
Kuenza P Wangmo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fasting Duration ◽  
National Referral Hospital

Introduction: The current choice of anesthesia for the cesarean section is spinal anesthesia. However, hypotension is the major complication. If promptly not recognized and treated, it increases the morbidity and mortality of the mother and fetus. This study was conducted to evaluate the rate of pre-delivery hypotension and risk factors following spinal anesthesia for cesarean section at the National Referral Hospital in Bhutan. Methods: A cohort study was conducted from 1st October 2018 to 30th June 2019 on 350 women undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Pre-delivery hypotension was defined as systolic blood pressure < 100 mm Hg. The association of factors for hypotension was tested using multivariable binary logistic regression using a forward stepwise model. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The rate of pre-delivery hypotension was 74.6 % (n=261). History of hypertension during pregnancy (Adjusted OR 0.25, [0.11-0.60], p=0.013), prophylaxis use of ephedrine (Adjusted OR 0.45, [0.22-0.92], p= 0.024) and ondansetron (Adjusted OR 0.43, [0.22-0.82], p= 0.010),longer preoperative fasting duration (Adjusted OR 1.12, [1.01-1.21], p=0.024,), sensory block level <= T4 (Adjusted OR 3.4, [1.8-6.4], p=<0.001) and baseline systolic blood pressure less than or equal to 120 mmHg (Adjusted OR 2.8, [1.5-5.1], p=0.001) were significant risk factors.  Conclusions: This study conduces that the rate of pre-delivery hypotension following spinal anesthesia in a cesarean section was high among women undergoing cesarean section. It is alarming as around two-third of women and fetus undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia are at risk of consequences of hypotension. Most of the risk factors in the study are modifiable. The study suggests that if the anesthesia provider intervenes in managing the modifiable risk factors and treat hypotension promptly, it can help reduce the risk of women and fetus to spinal hypotension consequences.

scholarly journals The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, risk factors, visual impairment and ocular status among patients with diabetes mellitus presenting to Berhan Aini National Referral Hospital, Eritrea: A hospital based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
P Bastola ◽  
F Kahsay ◽  
S Zewengiel ◽  
M M Muguleta
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
National Referral Hospital

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is the most common ocular complication in the diabetic population and the leading cause of blindness amongst working age group. There is a paucity of data about DR and various factors in Eritrea. The study aimed to find the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, risk factors, visual impairment and ocular status among patients with diabetes mellitus in Asmara, Eritrea. This was a hospital based, Mixed method, descriptive study, all the consecutive patients attending the retina clinic of the hospital were enrolled in the study from January, 2014 to October, 2016. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) and Modified Airlie House classification were followed to evaluate the various stages of diabetic retinopathy and clinically significant macular edema (CSME). The guidelines developed by International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) were followed to determine the need for interventions. Of the 506 diabetic subjects attending Berhan Aini National Referral Hospital; 435 (86.0%) subjects had type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). 425 (84.0%) subjects had diabetic retinopathy. Moderate visual impairment, severe visual impairment and blindness due to diabetic retinopathy was observed in 139 (27.1%), 57 (11.1%), 76 (15%) subjects respectively while 234 subjects (46.2%) had normal vision. Hypertension 309 (61%) was the most common risk factor followed by duration of diabetes, occupation and the level of glycosylated Hemoglobin. 481 (95%) of the literate subjects were aware about diabetic retinopathy (P=<0.01). 277 (54.7%) subjects needed prompt treatment. There is a high prevalence of DR in patients attending Berhan Aini National Referral Hospital (BANRH). Awareness about diabetic retinopathy was good still the knowledge about primary prevention was not good enough.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Perineal Tears Among Women Delivering at Kawempe National Referral Hospital, Uganda: A Case Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwazo Mathias ◽  
Barageine Justus Kafunjo ◽  
Kazibwe Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Perineal Tear ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Second Stage Of Labour ◽  
National Referral Hospital ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Perineal tear is a common complication of vaginal delivery with a significant negative impact on the quality of life. The condition commonly occurs among un-attended deliveries or those conducted by unskilled birth attendant especially in low-resource settings. The risk factors for perineal tear were not known at Kawempe Hospital. We conducted this study to determine the risk factors for perineal tear among women delivering at Kawempe National Referral Hospital, Uganda. Methods: This was a case control study that was conducted among women who had vaginal delivery at Kawempe National Referral Hospital from 20th December 2019 to 5th February 2020. Data on sociodemographic, maternal, fetal and provider characteristics were collected using an interviewer’s administered questionnaire. Risk factors were determined using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The risk factors for perineal tear were: maternal age of ≥20 years (AOR=7.24, 95% CI=2.28- 23.00, P<0.001), delivery by assistant nursing officer (AOR=16.39, 95% CI=5.74-46.81, p <0.001), primiparity (AOR=12.46, 95% CI,=3.41-45.52, P<0.001), single marital status (AOR=14.39 95%, CI=4.28-48.39, P<0.001), precipitate labour (AOR=7.8, 95% CI=2.21-27.55, P< 0.001), assisted vaginal delivery (AOR= 8.33, 95% CI=1.43-48.6, P<0.019), fetal weight ≥ 3.5Kg (AOR=2.19, 95% CI= 1.06- 4.53, P<0.033), duration of active first stage of labour ≥8 hours (AOR=12.65, 95% CI=5.65-28.25, P<0.001) and duration of second stage of labour > 1hour (AOR=10.21 95% CI=3.32-31.41, P<0.001). Conclusions. The risk factors for perineal tear during vaginal delivery at Kawempe National Referral Hospital were: maternal age ≥ 20 years, delivery by assistant nursing officer, primiparity, single marital status, precipitate labour, assisted vaginal delivery, fetal weight ≥ 3.5kg, duration of active first stage of labour ≥8 hours, duration of second stage of labour≥1hours.

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