Seroprevalence and determinants of Helicobacter pylori infection among asymptomatic under-five children at a Tertiary Hospital in the South-Western region of Nigeria

Introduction: Undernutrition is a major health problem in developing countries which may have adverse effects on growth and development of an individual. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence and grades of malnutrition in children below 60 months of age, attending outpatient department at Gandaki Medical College teaching hospital.Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted among 556 children below 60 months of age from August to December 2013. Weight and length/height were measured using standard technique and were plotted on WHO centiles curves and severity determined based on WHO classification. The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting were determined by anthropometry.Results: Based on WHO classification, out of 556 children, 20.2% were underweight, 34% were stunted and 15.1% were wasted respectively. Of them, severe underweight were 4.7%, severe stunted were 14.1% and severe wasted were 7.2% respectively.Conclusion: A high prevalence of undernutrition exists in under- five children attending a tertiary hospital in a western region of Nepal.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i2.10566J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(2):119-124

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Clean water, sanitation and under-five children diarrhea incidence: Empirical evidence from the South Africa’s General Household Survey

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-021-15182-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abiodun Olusola Omotayo ◽

Kehinde Oluseyi Olagunju ◽

Abeeb Babatunde Omotoso ◽

Adebayo Isaiah Ogunniyi ◽

Olutosin Ademola Otekunrin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Empirical Evidence ◽

Household Survey ◽

Clean Water ◽

The South ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Diarrhea Incidence ◽

General Household Survey

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Prevalence and correlates of Helicobacter pylori infection among under-five children, adolescent and non-pregnant women in Nepal: Further analysis of Nepal national micronutrient status survey 2016

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽

10.1371/journal.pntd.0009510 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. e0009510

Author(s):

Suresh Mehata ◽

Kedar Raj Parajuli ◽

Narayan Dutt Pant ◽

Binod Rayamajhee ◽

Uday Narayan Yadav ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

National Level ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Adolescent Boys ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Micronutrient Status ◽

Status Survey

Most of the Helicobacter pylori infections occur in developing countries. The risk factors for H. pylori infections are poverty, overcrowding, and unhygienic conditions, which are common problems in under-privileged countries such as Nepal. Despite having a high risk of H. pylori infections, no national level study has been conducted to assess prevalence and correlates of H. pylori infection in Nepal. Therefore, we hypothesized that micronutrients such as iron, vitamin B12 deficiency, socio-economic status, and nutritional status correlate with the prevalence of H. pylori infection in Nepal. We studied prevalence and correlates of H. pylori infection among under-five children, adolescents aged 10–19 years and married women of reproductive age (aged 20–49 years) using data from the Nepal National Micronutrient Status Survey 2016 (NNMSS-2016). H. pylori infection was examined in stool specimens of 6–59 months old children, and 20–49 years old non-pregnant women by using a rapid diagnostic kit while blood samples was used to assess the H. pylori infection among adolescent boys and girls. Prevalence of H. pylori infection was 18.2% among 6–59 months old children, 14% among adolescent boys and 16% among adolescent girls aged 10–19 years; and 40% among 20–49 years non-pregnant women. Poor socioeconomic status, crowding, and unhygienic condition were found to be positively associated with higher incidence of H. pylori infections. No significant correlation was observed between nutritional and micronutrients status (iron or risk of folate deficiency) and H. pylori infection. Findings from this study suggest that poverty-associated markers are primary contributors of H. pylori infections in Nepalese communities. To control acquisition and persistence of H. pylori infection in Nepal, we suggest improved management of safe drinking water and implementation of sanitation and hygiene programs, with a focus on those of lower socioeconomic status.

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Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection Among Rosacea and Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Cureus ◽

10.7759/cureus.17617 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amal AlBalbeesi ◽

hanan Alsalman ◽

Hend Alotaibi ◽

Mona Halawani ◽

Eman Almukhadeb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

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Validity and accuracy of maternal tactile assessment for fever in under-five children in North Central Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005776 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (10) ◽

pp. e005776 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mohammed Baba Abdulkadir ◽

Wahab Babatunde Rotimi Johnson ◽

Rasheedah Mobolaji Ibraheem

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Febrile Child ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Predictive Values ◽

North Central ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children

ObjectivesThis study seeks to determine not only the reliability of parental touch in detecting fever as compared to rectal thermometry in under-five children, but also the sociodemographic factors that may predict its reliability.SettingThe study was carried out in the Emergency Paediatric Unit of a tertiary hospital in North Central Nigeria.Participants409 children aged less than 5 years with a history of fever in the 48 h prior to presentation and their mothers were recruited consecutively. All the children recruited completed the study. Children with clinical parameters suggestive of shock, and those who were too ill, were excluded from the study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the proportion of mothers who could accurately predict if their child was febrile or not (defined by rectal temperature) using tactile assessment only. Secondary outcomes were the validity and accuracy of touch in detecting fever and factors related to its accuracy.ResultsAbout 85% of the children were febrile using rectal thermometry. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values for touch as a screening tool were 63%, 54%, 88.3% and 21%, respectively. High maternal socioeconomic status and low maternal age influenced positively the accuracy of touch in correctly determining the presence or absence of fever.ConclusionsThis study has shown that tactile assessment of temperature is not reliable and that absence of fever in a previously febrile child should be confirmed by objective methods of temperature measurement.

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Helicobacter pylori infection and hyperemesis gravidarum: a prospective pilot study in India

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20193055 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 2856

Author(s):

Akhila M. V. ◽

Padmasri R.

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

H Pylori ◽

A Prospective Study

Background: About 80% of all pregnant women experience some form of nausea and vomiting during their pregnancy. Hyperemesis gravidarum, the commonest indication for admission to hospital in the first half of pregnancy affects approximately 0.3%-2.0% of pregnancies. Helicobacter pylori infection has been implicated in the cause of nausea and occasional vomiting in early pregnancy. The objectives of this study are to determine the proportion of H. pylori seropositivity among women with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) and determine its relation with socio-economic status.Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in a tertiary hospital in Bangalore among 60 pregnant women with HG for a period of 12 months. Venous blood samples were obtained and serum IgG for H. pylori was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Details regarding socioeconomic status, recurrence of symptoms and severity were noted.Results: The proportion of H. pylori seropositivity among pregnant women with hyperemesis in our study was 70%.There was a significant increase in severity and recurrence of vomiting among seropositive cases. Women belonging to rural areas had 1.17 times the risk of infection compared to women with urban area. We also found women belonging to the lower socioeconomic status had 0.52 times more risk to develop Helicobacter pylori infection.Conclusions: This study suggests that H. pylori is an independent risk factor for vomiting in pregnancy. Effective treatment and eradication of H pylori infection may help reduce severity and recurrence of vomiting among positive cases thus reducing its adverse consequences.

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Anaemia in under five children attending a tertiary hospital in central Kerala: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20211684 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 904

Author(s):

Jessie Jose ◽

Riya Lukose ◽

Thekkumpat S. Athira

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Severe Anaemia ◽

Acute Malnutrition ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Deficiency Anaemia ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children

Background: Anaemia is the most common nutritional problem in the world with significant impact on the neurological and cognitive development of young, growing children. India has a high prevalence of anaemia among its under-five children. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of anaemia and iron deficiency anaemia in children in the age group 6 months to 5 years.Methods: A hospital based descriptive study was done on 51 children attending the outpatient department of a tertiary hospital. They were evaluated by obtaining a detailed history, physical examination and haemoglobin and serum ferritin estimation.Results: The prevalence of anaemia in the present study was 41.2%. 13 (25.5%) had mild anaemia, 8 (15.7%) had moderate anaemia and none had severe anaemia. Iron deficiency anaemia was present in 17 out of 21 children (81%) with anaemia (p<0.00001). There were significant associations between haemoglobin levels and age (p=0.049) and nutritional status (moderate acute malnutrition) (p=0.034) of the children in the study.Conclusions: The prevalence of anaemia in children under 5 years in Kerala, which has performed well in other health quality indicators, remains high. A multimodal strategy to address this public health problem is required.

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