The roles of foreign influences in the evolution of social and filial relations in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Mohammed Akinola Akomolafe
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Almost All

Nigeria, as a geographical entity is replete with various ethnic and cultural identities that have continued to evolve from pre-colonial times to recenttimes. Granted that civilizations from Europe and Arabia have dictated almost all spheres of living, both in the Northern and Southern geographies of the country and eroded nearly all traditional values that would have assisted in curbing social and filial tensions; it is pertinent to inquire into the social relations before this ‘encounter.’ This is important as this research seeks to invoke some aspects of the past that can be relevant for contemporary utility. Hence, through the method of critical analysis, this study takes a look at the socio-economic norms among the pre-colonial cultures that eventually evolved into Nigeria, paying attention to the place of slaves and women and laying emphasis on the filial and communal nature which allowed for a not too wide the gap between the rich and the poor. Even when this study is not unaware of the positive roles of foreign influence, it recounts the deficits of this presence and suggests that aproper way is to explore some indigenous ideas and apply them for contemporary living. Keywords: Culture, Family, Moral Values, Nigeria, Pre-colonial

scholarly journals Oedipus Sang Raja dan Bujang Munang: Mitos Peletak Dasar Larangan Incest dalam Masyarakat

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Laura Andri Retno Martini
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Diverse Cultures

Folklore is a story of the past that characterizes every nation with its diverse cultures, including the rich culture and history of each nation. The folklore that tells incest is found all over the world. In almost all ethnic groups there is an incest first mythology. Versions are submitted vary, depending on the social life of the community. Bujang Munang and Oedipus are cultural myth stories that have the theme of the origin of the incest ban. Oedipus is a myth that developed in Greece while Bujang Munang is a myth that developed in Nanga Serawai Santang district of West Kalimantan. There is a linkage of the basic structure of the narrative in the story of Oedipus and Bujang Munang. Incest behavior is also not allowed to occur in the norms of life of Greek society and the people of West Kalimantan. There will be unfavorable consequences for incest and surrounding people if the rule is violated.

ETHICS OF POOR PEOPLE IN CHRISTIAN REALISM

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Vitalii Brynov
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Class Conflict ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Class Structure ◽  
Christian Realism ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Rich

The article observes the historical background of relations between the poor and the rich. The influence of the capitalist social order on increasing inequality between rich and poor is described. It is noted that the proletarians think about social relations from the position of class conflict. It is described that the idealistic path to equality is the Marxist idea of worldwide revolution and the annihilation of class structure. It is emphasized that the destructive nature of Marxist idealism aims to the destruction of society. It is demonstrated that the ideas of the proletarians are based on envy and desire for revenge, not on moral values.

Poverty, Wealth, and Well-Being

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Social Relation ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Good Citizenship ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Rich

In the fifth and fourth centuries BC Athenian ideas about poverty were ideologically charged. The poor were contrasted with the rich and found, for the most part, to be both materially and morally deficient. Reflecting ideas about labour, leisure, and good citizenship, the ‘poor’ were considered to be not only those who were destitute, or those who were living at the borders of subsistence, but also those who were moderately well off but had to work for a living. Defined this way, this group covered around 99% of the population of Athens. This book sets out to rethink what it meant to be poor in a world where poverty was understood as the need to work for a living. It explores the discourses that constructed poverty as something to fear and links these with experiences of penia (poverty) among different social groups in Athens. Drawing on poverty research within the social sciences, it argues that poverty in democratic Athens should not necessarily be seen in terms of these elitist ideological categories, nor indeed only as an economic condition (the state of having no wealth), but in terms of social relations, capabilities, and well-being. The volume, therefore, provides a critical reassessment of poverty in democratic Athens which is in line with debates in contemporary poverty research. It develops a framework to analyse the complexities of poverty as a social relation as well as exploring the discourses that shaped it. Poverty is reframed throughout as being dynamic and multidimensional. In doing so, it provides an assessment of what the poor in Athens—men and women, citizen and non-citizen, slave and free—were able to do or to be.

scholarly journals Salvar-nos do cinismo: teologia e classes sociais

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (289) ◽  
pp. 102-124
Author(s):  
Jung Mo Sung
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Ethical Criticism ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Theological Critique

A crise econômica que atinge os Estados Unidos e a Europa e a visibilidade mundial dos movimentos “Ocupem” nos Estados Unidos colocaram novamente o tema da desigualdade social em destaque. Geralmente, nas Igrejas e na teologia, esse assunto é objeto de crítica ética utilizando-se o conceito de classes sociais em termos de renda, ricos e pobres. Este artigo defende a tese de que, para superamos o cinismo frente ao sofrimento dos pobres, é preciso ir além: é preciso uma crítica teológica que se liberte do cinismo e trabalhe com a noção de classes sociais, associada ao lugar nas relações sociais de produção, de idolatria e de pecado estrutural.Abstract: The economic crisis affecting the United States and Europe and the worldwide visibility of the movement “Occupy” in the United States brought the issue of social inequality once more to the fore. Generally, in the Churches and in theology, this matter is the target of ethical criticism where the concept of social classes - in terms of income, the rich and the poor - is used. This article defends the thesis that, in order to overcome cynicism in face of the suffering of the poor, we must go further: we need a theological critique that can free itself from cynicism and work with the notion of social classes associated with the place in the social relations of production and with the notion of idolatry and structural sin.Keywords: Economics. Market. Social classes. Social conflict. Structural sin. Theology. Idolatry. Option for the poor.

scholarly journals Vertical position can affect categorization of the rich and the poor in Chinese culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 183449092110257
Author(s):  
Qiong Li ◽  
Chen Deng ◽  
Bin Zuo ◽  
Xiaobin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Social Categorization ◽  
High Income ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Rich

This study explored whether vertical position affects social categorization of the rich and the poor. Experiment 1 used high- and low-income occupations as stimuli, and found participants categorized high-income occupations faster when they were presented in the top vertical position compared to the bottom vertical position. In Experiment 2, participants responded using either the “up” or “down” key to categorize high- and low-income occupations, and responded faster to high-income occupations with the “up” key and low-income occupations with the “down” key. In Experiment 3, names identified as belonging to either rich or poor individuals were presented at the top or bottom of a screen, and the results were the same as in Experiments 1 and 2. These findings suggest that social categorization based on wealth involved perceptual simulations of vertical position, and that vertical position affects the social categorization of the rich and the poor.

Mortuary Practices and the Social Order at La Quemada, Zacatecas, Mexico

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben A. Nelson ◽  
J. Andrew Darling ◽  
David A. Kice
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Mortuary Practices ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Ancestor Worship ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Epiclassic occupants of the site of La Quemada left the disarticulated remains of 11-14 humans in an apparently sacred structure outside the monumental core of the site. Several lines of evidence are reviewed to generate propositions about the ritual meanings and functions of the bones. A comparative analysis reveals the complexity of mortuary practices in northern and western Mexico, and permits the suggestion that these particular remains were those of revered ancestors or community members. The sacred structure is seen as a charnel house, in which the more ancient tradition of ancestor worship expressed in shaft tombs was essentially perpetuated above ground. Hostile social relations are clearly suggested, however, by other categories of bone deposits. Recognition of the rich variability of mortuary displays leads to questions about their role in the maintenance of the social order.

Risking Debt for Honor

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-71
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. Cash
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Upheaval ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rural Urban Migration ◽  
The Republic

Research on godparenthood has traditionally emphasized its stabilizing effect on social structure. This article, however, focuses attention on how the practices and discourses associated with marital sponsorship in the Republic of Moldova ascribe value to the risks and uncertainties of social life. Moldova has experienced substantial economic, social, and political upheaval during the past two decades of postsocialism, following a longer period of Soviet-era modernization, secularization, and rural–urban migration. In this context, godparenthood has not contributed to the long-term stability of class structure or social relations, but people continue to seek honor and social respect by taking the social and economic risks involved in sponsoring new marriages.

The Perils of Vanguardism

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 947-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua C Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Causal Explanation ◽  
Unemployment Benefit ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
Asylum Policy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Right ◽  
Unexpected Outcome

AbstractOver the past 25 years, Sweden has gone from having one of the most generous unemployment benefit systems among the rich democracies to one of the least. This article advances a multi-causal explanation for this unexpected outcome. It shows how the benefit system became a target of successive right-wing governments due to its role in fostering social democratic hegemony. Employer groups, radicalized by the turbulent 1970s more profoundly than elsewhere, sought to undermine the system, and their abandonment of corporatism in the early 1990s limited unions’ capacity to restrain right-wing governments in retrenchment initiatives. Two further developments help to explain the surprising political resilience of the cuts: the emergence of a private (supplementary) insurance regime and a realignment of working-class voters from the Social Democrats to parties of the right, especially the nativist Sweden Democrats, in the context of a liberal refugee/asylum policy.

scholarly journals O cárcere como instrumento de gestão penal da pobreza

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victória Maria Américo de Oliveira ◽  
Alexandre Ribas de Paulo
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
Prison System ◽  
Public Security ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Social State ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social

RESUMOO presente artigo propõe uma análise crítica acerca do cárcere e seus efeitos no tratamento estatal dado à população socialmente vulnerável, traçando uma relação entre o Estado Social e o Estado Penal. Questionando o interesse que norteia a (in)eficácia do sistema prisional e como ele se legitima socialmente através de um discurso político de segurança pública amparado pelo pânico propagado pelos meios de comunicação, pretende-se expor a seletividade tanto da normal penal quanto do sistema criminal, que, somadas, resultam na construção do perfil do delinquente e no encarceramento em massa dos pobres. A partir de uma exposição crítica, almeja-se fomentar o debate do papel da criminalização da pobreza na gestão das ilegalidades pelos interessados nos produtos do cárcere.PALAVRAS-CHAVEDireito Penal. Criminologia. Sistema Penal. Seletividade. Pobreza. ABSTRACTThis article proposes a critical analysis about the prison and its effects on the state treatment given to the socially vulnerable population, drawing a relationship between the Social State and the Criminal State. Questioning the interest that governs the (in) effectiveness of the prison system and how it legitimizes itself socially through a political discourse of public security supported by the panic propagated by the mass media, it is intended to expose the selectivity of both the normal criminal and the criminal system, which, together, result in the construction of the delinquent profile and the mass incarceration of the poor. From a critical exposition, it is hoped to foment the debate of the role of the criminalization of poverty in the management of illegalities by those interested in the products of prisonKEYWORDSCriminal law. Criminology. Penal system. Selectivity. Poverty.

scholarly journals Srebrenica is not a Metaphor

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-64
Author(s):  
Sarina Bakić
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Temporal Dimensions ◽  
Further Development

The author will emphasize the importance of both the existence and the further development of the Srebrenica - Potočari Memorial Center, in the context of the continued need to understand the genocide that took place in and around Srebrenica, from the aspect of building a culture of remembrance throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). This is necessary in order to continue fighting the ongoing genocide denial. At first glance, a culture of remembrance presupposes immobility and focus on the past to some, but it is essentially dynamic, and connects three temporal dimensions: it evokes the present, refers to the past but always deliberates over the future. In this paper, the emphasis is placed on the concept of the place of remembrance, the lieu de memoire as introduced by the historian Pierre Nora. In this sense, a place of remembrance such as the Srebrenica - Potočari Memorial Center is an expression of a process in which people are no longer just immersed in their past but read and analyze it in the present. Furthermore, looking to the future, they also become mediators of relations between people and communities, which in sociological theory is an important issue of social relations. The author of this paper emphasizes that collective memory in the specific case of genocide in and around Srebrenica is only possible when the social relations around the building (Srebrenica - Potočari Memorial Center) crystallize, which is then much more than just the content of the culture of remembrance.

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