Production and utilization of crop residues for ruminant feeding in Aliero Lga Of Kebbi State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
M.A. Muftau ◽  
A.A. Kwaido ◽  
M.S. Ayuba ◽  
N. Kadi ◽  
A. Tambuwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Maize Stover ◽  
Self Production ◽  
Land Size

An investigation of the production and utilization of crop residues for ruminant feeding in five villages within Aliero Local Government Area of Kebbi State was carried out using a structured questioner which was administered to 75 respondents. The data collected was analyzed by using simple statistical tool such as frequency distribution and percentage. The study revealed that 47.95% of the respondents were farmers with more than half (52.41%) had 5-8 members in their family. Mixed farming is common to all the respondents with cereal and legumes crops combination alongside with cattle, sheep, and goats rearing. Some crop residues such as maize stover, rice straw, etc are available all year round since they are generated both at rainy and dry season in the study area. Maize/sorghum/millet stovers and groundnut/cowpea straws plays a major part in ruminant feeding in the study area. The level of cultivation, production and utilization of crop residues as observed in this study depends on the land size, season of production and flock size amongst others. Most of the respondents (39.74%) source their crop residues from self-production and the type of crop residues are those from groundnut/cowpea straws, maize/millet/sorghum stovers and rice straws. The present study revealed the potential of crop residues not only as ruminant feeding but also as a means of livelihood among the respondents. Keywords: Production, Utilization, Crop residues, Livestock.

scholarly journals Management problem of crop residues production in Aliero Local Government Area of Kebbi State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
M. A. Muftau ◽  
A. A. Kwaido ◽  
M. S. Ayuba ◽  
N. Kadi ◽  
Y. NaAllah
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
The Family ◽  
Management Problems ◽  
Self Production ◽  
Storage Structures

A study was conducted to examine the management problems of crop residues production in five villages within Aliero Local Government Area of Kebbi State, Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was administered to 75 respondents within the study area. The data collected was analyzed using simple statistical tools such as frequency counts and percentages. The family size of the respondents showed that more than half (52.41%) had 5-8 members. Majority of the respondents were within the age categories of 23-32 (39.60%) and 32-42 years (33.30%). It was observed that most of the respondents were male (78.08%) with different educational background. The study revealed that about 47.95% of the respondents were farmers. Mixed cropping is common to the household with cereal and legume crops combination; sorghum/groundnut (6.85%), millet/groundnut (28.03%) and sorghum/cowpea (36.99%). Various storage methods existed among the house hold in handling crop residues as majority (45.21%) kept crop residues on the roof tops and the least (9.59%) kept crop residues on the tree branches. Crop residues were from groundnut straws, cowpea straws, maize stover, millet stover and rice straws with sorghum stover constituting the highest (30.14%). Majority of the respondents (39.74%) source their crop residues from self production. The study also showed that all the respondents encountered one or more management problems which limit crop residue production and they include high cost of irrigation (78.08%), inadequate storage structures (75.34%) and inadequate capital (68.86%) among others constitute the prominent problems to crop residue production in the study area.

Improving the feeding value of straws with Pleurotus ostreatus

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Khan ◽  
S. Hussain ◽  
N. Ahmad ◽  
S. Alam ◽  
M. Bezabhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Equal Proportion ◽  
Maize Stover ◽  
Feeding Value

The high content of lignin in cell walls is the major limiting factor in the digestion and utilisation of cereal crop residues by ruminants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the white rot fungus, Pleurotus ostreatus (P. ostreatus), to degrade lignin and to enhance the rumen degradability of maize stover, rice straw, wheat straw and their mixture in equal proportion on a dry-matter (DM) basis. Four samples of each substrate were incubated aerobically in triplicate with P. ostreatus for 0 (Control), 21, 28 and 35 days under solid-state conditions (temperature, 24°C; humidity, 70 ± 5%). The changes in chemical composition, DM and nutrient losses, and rumen fermentation characteristics using in vitro DM digestibility (DMD) and the in vitro gas-production (GP) technique were measured. The results showed that incubation with P. ostreatus decreased (P < 0.001) the contents of neutral detergent fibre and lignin with a concomitant increase (P < 0.001) in the contents of ash and crude protein. The losses of nutrients differed (P < 0.001) among the straw types, with rice straw and maize stover showing the largest (P < 0.05) lignin degradation compared to wheat and mixed straws. The DMD and 72-h cumulative GP increased (P < 0.001) consistently with increasing fungal incubation period and for all substrates the highest values of DMD and GP were measured after 35 days of incubation with P. ostreatus. The lignin degradation was strongly associated with hemicellulose degradation (r = 0.71) across the various straws. Results of the present study demonstrated that incubation of low-quality crop residues with P. ostreatus under solid-state conditions upgrades their feeding value by reducing the content of lignin and increasing the content of crude protein and ruminal degradation.

scholarly journals KECERNAAN NDF DAN ADF YANG MENDAPAT SUPLEMENTASI UREA MOLASSES MULTINUTRIENT BLOCK (UMMB) DARI BEBERAPA JENIS LIMBAH PERTANIAN DAN RUMPUT LAPANG PADA SAPI PERANAKAN ONGOLE (PO)

ZOOTEC ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Giandi Grahadi Turangan ◽  
B. Tulung ◽  
Y.R.L. Tulung ◽  
M.R. Waani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Peanut Straw

NDF AND ADF DIGESTIBILITY WHICH GET THE SUPPLEMENTED UREA MOLASSES MULTINUTRIENT BLOCK (UMMB) OF SOME CROP RESIDUES TYPE AND LOCAL GRASS ON ONGOLE CROSSBRED CATTLE. A research evaluating dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility of crops residues and local grass supplemented urea molasses multinutrient block (UMMB) on Ongole crossbred cattle (PO). Four male PO cattle, 12 – 18 months of age with ± 100 kg of body weight were used in this experiment. Latin Square Design 4 x 4 with 4 cows and 4 treatments was used. The treatments were : R1 : UMMB + local grass, R2: UMMB + Corn straw, R3: UMMB + Rice straw, and R4: UMMB + peanut straw. The results showed that there were significant effect (P<0.01) of treatments on NDF and ADF digestibility. C1 showed that NDF and ADF digestibility of local grass (68.44% and 61.37%) were higher (P<0.05) compared to crop residues (corn straw 65.25% and 58.59%, rice straw 62.63% dan 52.80%, and peanut straw 67.53% and 59.81%) respectively. C2 showed that NDF and ADF digestibility of legume straw was higher than grasses straw; and C3 showed that  NDF and ADF digestibility of rice straw was lower than corn straw. The results have concluded that : 1. NDF and ADF digestibility of local grass were higher compared to crop residues. 2. NDF and ADF digestibility of legume straw (peanut straw) was higher than grasses straw  (corn straw and ricce straw);3. NDF and ADF digestibility of  corn straw was higher than peanut straw.Key words: NDF and ADF digestibility, crop residues, UMMB, ongole crossbred cattle

GM technology: a tool to benefit livestock production

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 247-258
Author(s):  
R.H. Phipps ◽  
A. Cockburn
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitors ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Maize Stover ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Gm Technology

The limitations to livestock production are numerous and varied but are applicable to a greater or lesser extent in both developed and developing countries. Crop factors that limit livestock production include inadequate quality (e.g. crop residues such as maize stover) and quantity of feed resources with an inconsistent supply due to extremes of climate (e.g. low rainfall and high temperatures), the presence of anti-nutritional factors and toxins (e.g. trypsin inhibitors, glucosinolates, gossypol, mycotoxins), and deficiencies of specific nutrients (e.g. amino acids and minerals).

Collaboration Between Administrators of National Secondary Schools and the Local Government Units (LGUs): Its Impact on the Schools’ Development

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
GAY P. DELA CRUZ
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Department Of Education ◽  
School Administrator ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Model Research ◽  
Education Fund

The collaboration between the Local Government Units (LGUs) and thenational secondary schools (NSS) of Misamis Oriental is seen as a need for the schools’ development. This study assessed the level of collaboration between the administrators of the 18 national secondary schools (NSS) and the localgovernment executives (LCE) in the 23 municipalities of Misamis Oriental fromthe calendar years 2007 to 2012. The instruments used were the questionnairesand interview on collaboration involving school administrators and the local chiefexecutives in Misamis Oriental. The questionnaire has a reliability coefficient ofr=.968 using Cronbach’s Alpha. The study adopted the across-stage mixed modelresearch as its statistical tool. The findings of the study showed that both localchief executives and school administrators are mature and responsible leaders intheir respective areas of responsibility. The assistance that the national secondaryschools received from LGUs are funded from the Special Education Fund (SEF)and the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA). The level of assistance in buildingpartnerships for collaboration LGUs provided to schools is high. Most of thesupport provided by the LGUs to schools is in the form of financial assistance.Some secondary school administrators have strong collaboration with the localchief executives.Keywords: Education, collaboration, impact, school administrator, local governmentunit, IRA, SEF, Department of Education, Across-stage mixed model research,Misamis Oriental, Philippines

scholarly journals Tillage, Green Manure And Residue Retention Improve Aggregate-Associated Phosphorus Fractions Under Rice-Wheat Cropping

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Sharma ◽  
Sukhjinder Kaur ◽  
Om Parkash Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Phosphorus Fractions ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Western India

Abstract The sustainability of rice-wheat system (RWS) in north-western India is threatened due to the deterioration of soil health and emergence of new challenges of climate change caused by low nutrient use efficiency and large scale burning of crop residues. Phosphorus and phosphatase activities in the soil aggregates affected by different residue management practices remain poorly understood. Thus, soil samples were obtained after a five year field experiment to identify the effect of tillage, green manure and residue management on aggregate-associated phosphorus fractions. In rice, the main plot treatments were combinations of wheat straw and Sesbania green manure (GM) management: (1) puddled transplanted rice (PTR) with no wheat straw (PTRW0), (2) PTR with 25% wheat stubbles (12-15 cm long) retained (PTRW25), (3) PTR without wheat straw and GM (PTRW0+GM), and (4) PTR with wheat stubbles (25%) and GM (PTRW25+GM). Three sub-plots treatments in the successive wheat crop were (1) conventional tillage with rice straw removed (CTWR0), (2) zero tillage (ZT) with rice straw removed (ZTWR0) and (3) ZT with 100% rice straw retained as surface mulch (ZTWR100). Results of the present study revealed that all phosphorus fractions were significantly higher in PTRW25+GM followed by ZTWR100 compared with PTRW0/CTWR0 treatment within both macro- and micro-aggregates. The total phosphorus (P), available P, alkaline phosphatase and phytin-P were significantly higher under ZTWR100 than CTWR0. Principal component analysis identified NaOH-Po, NaHCO3-Pi and HCl-P as the dominant and reliable indicators for evaluating P transformation within aggregates under conservation agriculture based practices.

scholarly journals Possible Use of Crop Residues Supplemented with Urea and Molasses in Goat Diets

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
C. R. Upreti ◽  
B. S. Kuwar ◽  
S. B. Panday
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
P Balance

In this experiment, 20 castrated male Khari and halfbred (Khari x Jamunapari) goats of 6 to 8 months of age were divided into 4 dietary groups comprising of five goats in each. The experiment was conducted for 150 days during the winter season. Animals of first diet group (D1) were fed with fodder leaves (Khanyu) + concentrate @ 1% body weight, second diet group (D2) consisted of fodder leaves ( Khanyu) + chaffed rice straw and 2% molasses top dressed rice straw @ 20% of dry matter (DM) requirement + concentrate @ 1% of body weight, third diet group (D3) had fodder ( Khanyu) + chaffed rice straw and 2% urea-molasses top dressed rice straw @ 20% of DM requirement + concentrate @ 1% body weight, and diet group 4 (D4) consisted of fodder (Khanyu) + chaffed rice straw, 4% urea treated, ensiled and 2% molasses top dressed rice straw @ 20% of DM requirement + concentrate @ 1% body weight were fed to the animals. A digestibility trial for 7 days was carried out at the end of the experiment. Daily feed intake, and urine and faeces excreted by the animals were recorded. Body weight change was recorded at 15 days interval. The average daily weight gain was not significantly different (P&gt;0.05) between diet groups. However, animals under D2 obtained highest growth rate (44.9 g/d) followed by D3 (44.0 g/d), and D1 (34.8) and the lowest average daily gain (ADG) was obtained in D4 (28.9 g/d). Significantly higher (P&lt;0.05) coefficient of digestibility for DM, CP, ADF, hemicelluloses, and cellulose was found in D3. Nitrogen, Ca, and P balance were high and positive in all diets groups. From this evidence, it can be suggested that rice straw could be used for goat feeding without affecting the growth rate provided it was pre-treated either with 2% molasses or 2% urea-molasses solution. <i>Nepal Journal of Science and Technology</i> Vol. 7, 2006

scholarly journals Determinants of rice by-product utilization as a potential local feed for ruminants in Magelang Regency, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 902 (1) ◽  
pp. 012049
Author(s):  
N A A Widarni ◽  
A Astuti ◽  
S Andarwati ◽  
T A Kusumastuti ◽  
A R S Putra
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Land Size

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the factors that influence farmers in using rice straw as feed for their ruminants. Primary data was obtained from a survey through face-to-face interviews involving a total of 395 farmers as respondents in Magelang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Farmers were selected by multistage random sampling. The data, then, were analyzed by using logistic regression. The results showed that 45.06% (178 respondents) used rice straw as feed, where only 3.37% (6 respondents) adopted the fermented straw. The type of ruminant kept by farmers, the amount of training attended, and land size affected the rice straw utilization as ruminants feed. Adopters of rice straw utilization are farmers who maintain large ruminants and tend to manage large areas of land. This finding also revealed that providing continuous training on feed technology for farmers is important. Furthermore, periodic assistance by extension workers is needed to enhance farmers in adopting the innovation of agricultural technology.

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