scholarly journals Impact of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) on Growth, Yield and Nodulation on Two Accessions of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1435-1439
Author(s):  
B.P. Mshelmbula ◽  
E. Ogale ◽  
S. Bello ◽  
H.A. Kana ◽  
M.Y. Sulayman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gibberelic Acid ◽  
The Impact

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is one of the most ancient crops known to man and is grown across various climatic zones, most commonly in the dry savanna regions of sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this work was therefore to investigate the impact of Gibberelic acid on the growth and yield of cowpea. Field experiments was conducted during the 2019 rainy season at the Botanical Garden of Federal University of Lafia. The cowpea accessions were submerged into various concentrations of GA3 (90mg/L, 120mg/L, and 150mg/L). The results showed varying response of the accessions in varying GA3 concentrations. Both Accessions (TVU-1 and TVU-4) recorded no significant difference across all treatments in the number of flowers. In TVU-1 accession, the least concentration, 90mg/L recorded the highest number of flowers (0.22) at 12(WAP); while in TVU-4, the seeds exposed to the highest concentration recorded the highest number of flowers. Similar result was observed in the number of pods of both accessions (TVU-1 and TVU-4) were there was no significant difference (P≤0.5) recorded. There was increase in the number of root nodules with increased in the growth hormone concentrations as treatment 150mg/L showed the highest number of root nodules in both accessions; even though no significant difference was recorded. It is therefore recommended that different accessions at different concentrations of gibberelic acid be tired to see their responses.

Effects of preceding maize (Zea mays) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in sole cropping and intercropping on growth, yield and nitrogen requirement of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

1998 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. O. OLASANTAN
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Pod Yield

Field experiments were conducted on Alfisols in Nigeria between 1991 and 1993 to determine the residual effect of maize (Zea mays) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) on the growth, pod yield and N response of a succeeding okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) crop. Cowpea and maize were grown alone with 30 and 60 kg/ha of N, P and K, respectively, or intercropped with 60 kg/ha as a basal dressing. The preceding crops had a significant effect on soil nutrient changes, okra growth and yield, and N response of okra. Cowpea increased the N, P and K status of the soil in both sole and mixed stands, compared with sole maize. Leaf area, pod weight and marketable pod yield of okra after sole cowpea or the maize/cowpea intercrop were all significantly higher than after sole maize. Although the application of nitrogen to succeeding okra promoted growth and increased pod yield, this was not accompanied by an increase in the pod yield of okra after sole cowpea or the maize/cowpea treatment beyond 45 kg N/ha. The beneficial effects of the preceding maize/cowpea intercrop on soil fertility, okra pod yield and amounts of N required for okra were partly due to the higher rate of basal nutrients applied as compared to the effects following sole cowpea.

scholarly journals Investigation of Effects of Ecological Factors on the Establishment of Azotobacter in the Rhizosphere of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris)

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Nathaniel N. Ngerebara ◽  
Lawrence O. Amadi
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Rhizospheric Bacteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
The Impact

Aim: The present study investigates the effect of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (phosphobacteria (PB) and activity of soil bacteriostasis on the development of Azotobacter in Thymus vulgaris rhizosphere. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Kenule Beeson Polytechnic botanical garden and at the Science Laboratory Department of the institution for a period of 7months (from March 2018- September 2018).  Methods: The impact of phytohormones produced by phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in vitro and in the rhizosphere of T. vulgaris was used to assay for Azotobacter colonization. Bacteriostasis activity of the soil was determined by comparing the number of Azotobacter microcolonies on discs incubated over soil with respect to those on the controls. Results: Decisive stimulation of Azotobacter population and establishment was observed in Thymus vulgaris rhizosphere when inoculated with phosphobacteria than when inoculated alone as reflected in 5% (0.05) least significant difference. Azotobacter was susceptible to the bacteriostatic factors in potted soils inoculated with it and without (Azotobacter). The increase in susceptibility of this rhizospheric bacteria was time dependent and reached a maximum and thereafter remained almost constant. However, this was overcome by the addition of NPK fertilizer to the plant at some critical stage of the assay. Conclusion: The Presence of nitrogen fixing bacteria (NFB) in vegetation could play significant role in the sustainability and improvement of plant growth and yield. Soil bacteriostasis can also be an important factor that limits the survival and development of NFB.

scholarly journals Improvement Growth, Yield, and Seed Quality of Pea Plants Using Glass Fertilizers and Bio-Fertilizers.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman G. Sayed ◽  
Mona A. Ouis
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A new glass fertilizer (GF) system of main composition 60P2O5.30K2O.3.5ZnO. 3.5MnO.3Fe2O3 was developed in response to the needs of pea plants with bio-fertilizers (Rhizobium leguminosarum. Bv.vicieae, Bacillus megaterium var phosphaticum, Bacillus circulans).GF was prepared by the traditional melt quenching technique at 1150°C. Characterization of prepared system was done using FTIR spectra before and after immersion in a simulated actual agriculture medium like 2% citric acid and distilled water. During two winter seasons, two successful field experiments were conducted at Cairo University's Eastern Farm to determine the impact of chemical, glass, and bio-fertilizers on plant growth, yield attributes, and seed quality of pea plant. Control treatment were without any addition of recommended chemical fertilizers and other treatments were full dose of recommended chemical fertilizers (100%RDF), glass fertilizers at rate 60 kg fed− 1, Glass fertilizers at rate30 kg fed− 1, 50% RDF ,100%RDF + bio-fertilizers, Glass fertilizers at rate 60 kg fed− 1 + bio-fertilizers, glass fertilizers at rate 30 kg fed− 1+ bio-fertilizers, 50%RDF + bio-fertilizers. Plots received 60 kg fed− 1 glass fertilizers + bio-fertilizers show the highest significant increment in plant growth, number and weight of pods plant− 1, number of grain pods− 1, grain yield, biological yield, P%, k% in pea leaves and quality of pea seeds compared with plots without any addition (control) in both seasons.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sesame Yield and Yield Component under Different NPS Fertilizer Rates in Western Tigray, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Teame Shimgabr ◽  
Negasi Gebereslasie ◽  
Haile Alene ◽  
Welesenbet Haftu ◽  
Nebyu Tsegay
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Number Of Branches

Field experiments were conducted in three sites of Western Tigray, Ethiopia. The experiments aimed at identifying optimum the rate of the newly introduced NPS fertilizer impact with different levels on growth, yield attributes, yield and economics of sesame in vertisols of Western Tigray at the Humera station, Banat and Kebabo Kafta Humera and Tsegede Wereda’s. The treatments consisted of six levels of NPS 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha-1 and one blanket recommendation N and P was applied. The experiment was laid out in an RCBD with three replications. Yield of Sesame and yield related components showed significant difference (p < 0.001) compared to control. Results showed that number of branches plant-1, length of pod bearing zone (cm), plant height (cm), number of capsules plant-1, seeds capsule-1 and seed yield was significant differences at (P< 0.001) Grain yield increases from 444.8 kg ha-1 to 671.9 kg ha-1 as NPS and 444.8 kg ha-1 to 628 kg ha-1 as NP increases from 0 (control) to 100 kg ha-1 NPS and 41 kg N and 46 kg P205 ha-1 respectively. But NPS was not significant with blanket recommendation of N and P (41 kg N and 46 kg P205 ha-1), therefore no need to replace the NP by NPS fertilizer in the study area.

scholarly journals Gibberellic Acid Induced Changes on Growth, Yield, Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase and Peroxidase in Fruits of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

Horticulturae ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Mazhar Abbas ◽  
Faisal Imran ◽  
Rashid Iqbal Khan ◽  
Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye ◽  
Tariq Rafique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Dual Action ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
The Impact

Bitter gourd is one of the important cucurbits and highly liked among both farmers and consumers due to its high net return and nutritional value. However, being monoecious, it exhibits substantial variation in flower bearing pattern. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are known to influence crop phenology while gibberellic acid (GA3) is one of the most prominent PGRs that influence cucurbits phenology. Therefore, a field trial was conducted at University of Agriculture Faisalabad to evaluate the impact of a commercial product of gibberellic acid (GA3) on growth, yield and quality attributes of two bitter gourd (Momordica charantiaL.) cultivars. We used five different concentrations (0.4 g, 0.6 g, 0.8 g, 1.0 g, and 1.2 g per litre) of commercial GA3 product (Gibberex, 10% Gibberellic acid). Results showed that a higher concentration of gibberex (1.0 and 1.20 g L−1 water) enhanced the petiole length, intermodal length, and yield of bitter gourd cultivars over control in Golu hybrid and Faisalabad Long. A significant decrease in the enzyme superoxidase dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activities were observed with an increasing concentration of gibberex (1.0 and 1.20 gL−1 water) as compared to control. These results indicate that the exogenous application of gibberex at a higher concentration (1.2 g L−1) has a dual action in bitter gourd plant: i) it enhances the plant growth and yield, and ii) it also influenced the antioxidant enzyme activities in fruits. These findings may have a meaningful, practical use for farmers involved in agriculture and horticulture.

Effect of Different Irrigation Sources on Growth, Yield and Heavy Metals Accumulation in Tomato and Okra

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safina Naz ◽  
Muhammad Akbar Anjum ◽  
Sakeena Tul Ain Haider
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Tube Well ◽  
Edible Parts

Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of different irrigation sources (canal, tube-well and sewage) on growth, yield and heavy metal uptake of two summer vegetables i.e. tomato and okra. Growth attributes (plant height, number of leaves, relative leaf chlorophyll content and leaf area) and yield components (number of fruits / pods per plant and fruit size) of okra and tomato were significantly increased with sewage water application. Lesser growth and yield of the studied vegetables was recorded with tube-well water. Use of sewage water improved total yields and fresh and dry plant biomass production of both the vegetables. Significantly higher and lower lead (Pb), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr) and iron (Fe) contents were recorded in edible parts of the sewage and tube-well water irrigated vegetables, respectively. Edible parts (tomato fruits and okra pods) of the sewage water irrigated vegetables exhibited heavy metals contents above the maximum permissible limits. Leaf and root samples of the sewage water irrigated tomato and okra also contained significantly greater metals contents as compared to those irrigated with canal and tube-well water. It is concluded that vegetables irrigated with sewage water produced greater yields but these were found contaminated with heavy metals.

scholarly journals Effect of Cowpea severe mosaic virus on Crop Growth Characteristics and Yield of Cowpea

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Booker ◽  
P. Umaharan ◽  
C. R. McDavid
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Exponential Growth Phase ◽  
Area Index ◽  
The Impact

Field experiments were carried out in St. Augustine, Trinidad & Tobago, West Indies to determine the effects of time of inoculation of Cowpea severe mosaic virus (CPSMV) and cultivar on crop growth and yield in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Crop growth and yield loss were investigated through growth analysis and yield component analysis on three cultivars in two seasons (wet and dry). Time of inoculation had the most profound impact on yield. Inoculations during the early log phase (seedling stage), 12 days after seeding (DAS), consistently had the greatest impact (50 to 85% yield loss) compared with those inoculated during the exponential growth phase (24 DAS; 22 to 66% yield loss) or linear growth phase (35 DAS; 2 to 36% yield loss). The effects were particularly pronounced in the dry season and in the more determinate cultivar, H8-8-27. Reduction in maximum leaf area index, leaf area duration, or maximum vegetative dry matter explained reductions in yield. Yield reductions resulted primarily from reduced pod number per plant and, to a lesser extent, from reduced average pod dry weight. The results show that CPSMV control measures should be aimed at delaying infection by CPSMV to minimize the impact on cowpea yield.

scholarly journals Effect of Planting Distance and Humic Acid on Growth, Yield and Antioxidant Activity of Safflower Petals and Seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012031
Author(s):  
Hanan A.k. Al-Nafei ◽  
Maher H.S. Al-Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
North East ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Planting Distance

Abstract A field experiment was carried out at winter season of 2020-2021 in Babylon Governorate, region of Bernon, at 8 km north-east of Hilla town between 44.27 ° north and 36.32 ° east latitude, to study the effect of planting distance and Humic acid on growth, yield and antioxidant activity of petals and seeds of the safflower, the treatments were distributed in a factorial experiment with randomized completely block design (RCBD) with three replicates, the first factor was the distance between plants (10, 15 and 20 cm) and second was spraying Humic acid at concentrations (0, 125, 250 and 500 mg.l-1), data were collected and means were tested according to least significant difference test (LSD) at probability level 0.05. The results showed superiority significant of planting distance at 20 cm and spraying humic acid at concentration 500 mg.L-1 on growth and yield parameters, while plants distance at 10 cm excelled on plant height and content of petals and seeds of antioxidant activities. The results showed superiority significant at interaction treat 20 cm × 500 mg.L-1, it produced the highest rates in most considered qualities and yield of dry petals and seed yields were 79.658 and 2197.5 kg. ha-1, while interference treat 10 cm x 500 mg.L-1 produced the highest means on total phenolic compounds and total oxidative activity and scavenging free radicals reached 41.47, 212.7, 58.07, 38.72 and 33.59 mg.g-1 DW, 67.7 and 47.0% in petals and seeds respectively.

scholarly journals Response of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) to Time of Application and Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Degraded Soil of Southern Guinea Savanna Zone of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
E. Ndor ◽  
U. D. Faringoro
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Field trials were conducted during 2017 and 2018 rainy season, to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer rates and time of application on the growth and yield of cowpea. The treatment consisted of three levels of urea: 0, 40, 80 kg N ha-1 and the times of fertilizer application: during planting of cowpea, 2 weeks after planting, 4 weeks after planting and 6 weeks after planting; which were factorially combined to form twelve treatments and laid in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The results showed that, Nitrogen fertilizer rates and time of application had a significant increased on all the growth and yield parameters of cowpea in both years of trials. Application of 80 kg N ha-1 produced the highest number of cowpea leaves (134.45 and 139.23), number of branches (9.45 and 10.54), vine length (78.23cm and 80.12cm) and highest seed weight of 0.52 t ha-1 in both 2017 and 2018 trials. However, the control plots produced plants with the highest number of root nodules (14.78 and 12.49) in both years of cropping. Also, application of nitrogen fertilizer at two weeks after planting of cowpea produced the highest growth and seed weight of 0.68 t ha-1 in 2017 cropping; while in 2018 trial, application of nitrogen fertilizer at two weeks after cowpea planting produced seed yield of 0.69tha-1 which is statistically similar with application of nitrogen fertilizer on the fourth week after planting which produced 0.55 t ha-1 of cowpea seeds. The interaction between nitrogen fertilizer application rates and time of application did not showed any significant difference in cowpea yield and yield components in both years of cropping.

scholarly journals Growth and Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) as Influenced by Poultry Manure and Biochar in Two (2) Soil Depths

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
F. B. Musa ◽  
F. O. Abiodun ◽  
A. R. Falana ◽  
B. H. Ugege ◽  
R. V. Oyewumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
And Control

Background and Objective: Unproductive soil has been a major problem to farmers, recent interest in the use of a stable organic manure (biochar) as soil amendment and poultry manure to increase soil fertility is also increasing. Hence, the experiment was conducted to assess the condition of poultry manure and biochar on the growth and yield of tomato. Materials and Methods: A greenhouse experiment was conducted at the Federal College of Forestry Ibadan, using polyethylene bag with 5 kg soil collected at two (2) soils depths, 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depth at the botanical garden, Federal College of Forestry Ibadan. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replicates. The treatments used were poultry manure (5t/ha), biochar (10t/ha), mixture of poultry manure and biochar (1:1) and control (no amendment).The tomato seeds (UC82B) were sourced from NIHORT, Ibadan and raised in a germination basket. Data were collected weekly on plant height, collar diameter and number of leaves, 50% days to flowering and yield of tomato plants from two weeks after transplanting (WAT). Data collected were analyzed statistically using ANOVA while means were separated using LSD (p<0.05) where applicable. Results: In 0-15 cm soil, the growth variables (plant height, number of leaves and collar diameter) increased with various treatments used. The highest tomato height was observed with the application of biochar (10t/ha). All the treatments applied affected the number of tomato leaves at all weeks after transplanting (WAT) with poultry manure 5t/ha having the highest number of leaves at 7WAT, while collar diameter was significantly affected by various treatments from 2 to 5 WAT, with the mixture of P.M + BIO (1:1) recording the highest value and the control plot recorded the least values in all weeks. However, in 15-30 cm soil, there was  significant difference in the number of leaves of tomato among all the amended soil from 5 to 7 WAT, the highest tomato leaves were obtained when the soil was amended with poultry manure (5t/ha) and can be compared with other treatments. Interaction of poultry manure and biochar(1:1) and poultry manure 5 t/ha resulted in highest height of tomato plant from 3-7 WAT as compared to the control that had the least value but were not significantly different from the sole application of  biochar 10t/ha. Interaction of poultry manure + biochar (1:1) and poultry manure (5t/ha) gave the highest tomato flowering and fruits. Conclusion: Based on this result, biochar and poultry manure when added to soil, boosted the mineralization of the soil after amendment.

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