scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Sub- and Supercritical CO2 Extracts of the Green Alga Dunaliella salina

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 2138-2143 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSE A. MENDIOLA ◽  
SUSANA SANTOYO ◽  
ALEJANDRO CIFUENTES ◽  
GUILLERMO REGLERO ◽  
ELENA IBÁÑEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Green Alga ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Dunaliella Salina ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

The objective of this research was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of carbon dioxide extracts of the unicellular biflagellated green alga Dunaliella salina against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger. The effects of different extraction pressures ranging from 185 to 442 bar and extraction temperatures ranging from 9.8 to 45.2°C on the extracts' composition and consequently on their antimicrobial activities were investigated. The extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in order to identify the compounds responsible for the antimicrobial activity detected. Fourteen different volatile compounds and several fatty acids were identified. The highest antimicrobial activity was obtained using 314 bar and 9.8°C. Under these conditions, the presence of an indolic derivative that had never been reported in D. salina was detected in the extract, together with polyunsaturated fatty acids and compounds related to carotene metabolism, such as β-ionone and neophytadiene, with known antimicrobial activity.

scholarly journals Volatile Components of Selected Liverworts, and Cytotoxic, Radical Scavenging and Antimicrobial Activities of Their Crude Extracts

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismiarni Komala ◽  
Takuya Ito ◽  
Yasuyuki Yagi ◽  
Fumihiro Nagashima ◽  
Yoshinori Asakawa
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Crude Extracts

Crude extracts of the Tahitian liverworts Mastigophora Diclados and Frullania sp., the Indonesian Frullania sp., Dumortiera hirsuta and Marchantia sp., and the Japanese Porella perrottetiana were investigated chemically by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). All extracts contained various volatile sesqui- and diterpenoids and a few aromatic compounds. The Tahitian M. diclados and Frullania sp., and the Indonesian Frullania sp. exhibited cytotoxic activity against HL-60 and KB cell lines. The extracts of the Tahitian M. diclados and the Indonesian Marchantia sp. showed radical scavenging activity, whereas the crude extracts of the Tahitian M. diclados and Frullania sp., and the Indonesian Frullania and Marchantia sp. showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.

scholarly journals Extraction of phytosterols from melon (Cucumis melo) seeds by supercritical CO2 as a clean technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 677-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Serhat Ekinci ◽  
Metin Gürü
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Clean Technology ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Melon Seed Oil

Abstract Extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) which is known as a clean technology was carried out to extract oil from melon (Cucumis melo) seeds. SC-CO2 extraction technique does not contaminate extracts. SC-CO2 is not a toxic and a flammable solvent. Phytosterols, natural and bioactive compounds, which is known to provide protection against various chronic diseases were examined in the seed oil by using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Stigmasterol and β-sitosterol were detected in the melon seed oil. SC-CO2 extractions were performed in a range of 30-55°C, 150-240 bar, 7-15 g CO2/min, 0.4-1.7 mm (mean particle size of the seeds) and 1-4 h. The optimal quantities of extracted oil, β-sitosterol and stigmasterol were 36.8 g/100 g seed, 304 mg/ kg seed and 121 mg/ kg seed, respectively, at 33°C, 200 bar, 11 g CO2/min, 0.4 mm and 3 h.

scholarly journals Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel tetrabromo-α,α’-bis(substituted-benzyl)cycloalkanones

2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 717-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahman Motiur ◽  
Sayed Alam ◽  
Adnan Kadi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Phenyl Ring ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Meta Position

A series of novel tetrabromo-?,??-bis(substituted-benzyl)-cycloalkanones have been synthesized through a rapid, simple, and efficient methodology in an excellent isolated yield and characterized via IR, NMR (1H 13C NMR, DEPT135, DEPT90) and Mass spectrometry. All compounds have been assayed for in vitro antimicrobial activities against eight bacteria, e. g. Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enteritidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, and Escherichia coli and five fungi e.g. Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Sclerotonia sclerotiorum, and Phytophthora capsici. They showed strong antibacterial activity than antifungal activities. Compounds 4c, 4d and 4i containing methoxy or chloro substituent on the para or meta position of the phenyl ring showed comparable MIC values to streptomycin and tetracycline standard antibiotics. Among all the tested compounds 4i exhibited good to moderate antifungal activity against all fungal strains used in the present study.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils of Genista ulicina and G. vepres

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takia Lograda ◽  
Adel Nadjib Chaker ◽  
Jean Claude Chalchat ◽  
Messaoud Ramdani ◽  
Hafsa Silini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

The hydrodistilled oils from the aerial parts of Genista ulicina Spach. and G. vepres Pomel., which are endemic to Algeria, were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In the oil of G. ulicina, 41 compounds were identified representing 90.8% of the total oil, and in G. vepres, 61 compounds representing 84.5% of the total oil. The analyses showed that the major constituents of the oils were lauric acid (14.3% – 8.5%), myristic acid (11.5% – 5%), linoleic acid (3.1% –11.7%) and palmitic acid (18.6% – 26.4%). Using a diffusion method, the oils showed significant antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923).

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activities of Sesquiterpene-Rich Essential Oils of Two Medicinal Plants, Lannea egregia and Emilia sonchifolia, from Nigeria

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 488
Author(s):  
Akintayo L. Ogundajo ◽  
Tolulope Ewekeye ◽  
Olubunmi J. Sharaibi ◽  
Moses S. Owolabi ◽  
Noura S. Dosoky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Lannea egregia (Anacardiaceae) and Emilia sonchifolia (Asteraceae) are plants used in traditional medicine in southwestern Nigeria. The essential oils from the leaves of L. egregia and E. sonchifolia were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Both essential oils were dominated by sesquiterpenoids. The major components in L. egregia leaf essential oil were α-panasinsen (34.90%), (E)-caryophyllene (12.25%), α-copaene (11.39%), and selina-4,11-diene (9.29%), while E. sonchifolia essential oil was rich in γ-himachalene (25.16%), (E)-caryophyllene (15.72%), and γ-gurjunene (8.58%). The essential oils were screened for antimicrobial activity against a panel of bacteria and fungi and displayed minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 156 μg/mL to 625 μg/mL. Based on these results, either L. egregia or E. sonchifolia essential oil may be recommended for exploration as complementary antibacterial or antifungal agents.

scholarly journals Novel Acetohydrazide Pyrazole Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 2740-2744
Author(s):  
Anil Verma ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Ramesh Kataria ◽  
Joginder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Pyrazole Derivatives ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Electron Withdrawing Group ◽  
Sar Study

Eleven acetohydrazide linked pyrazole derivatives were designed and synthesized via condensation of acetohyadrazide with different substituted formyl pyrazole derivatives under mild reaction conditions. Synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of IR, NMR (1H & 13C) and mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial activities of all the compounds were screened against four bacterial and two fungal strains. Among the synthesized compounds, three compounds viz. 6b, 6c and 6d were found as efficient antimicrobial agents in reference to the standard drugs viz. ciprofloxacin and amphotericin-B. Further, structure-activity relationship (SAR) study revealed that electron-withdrawing group enhances the antimicrobial potential of synthesized derivatives as compared to other groups present in the ring. Hence, among compounds 6b-c, compound 6d could be explored further against other microbes to prove its vitality.

scholarly journals Compound Identification and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of the Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extract of Papaya Freeze-Dried Leaf Juice

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 610
Author(s):  
Kooi-Yeong Khaw ◽  
Paul Nicholas Shaw ◽  
Marie-Odile Parat ◽  
Saurabh Pandey ◽  
James Robert Falconer
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Compound Identification ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Leaf Juice ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

Carica papaya leaves are used as a remedy for the management of cancer. Freeze-dried C. papaya leaf juice was extracted using a supercritical fluid extraction system. Compound identification was carried out using analytical techniques including liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC–QToF-MS) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The cytotoxic activities of the scCO2 extract and its chemical constituents were determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on squamous cell carcinoma (SCC25) and human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell lines. The chemical constituents were quantified by QToF-MS. The supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extract of papaya freeze-dried leaf juice showed cytotoxic activity against SCC25. Three phytosterols, namely, β-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol, together with α-tocopherol, were confirmed to be present in the scCO2 extract. Quantitative analysis showed that β-sitosterol was the major phytosterol present followed by α-tocopherol, campesterol, and stigmasterol. β-Sitosterol and campesterol were active against SCC25 (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) ≈ 1 µM), while stigmasterol was less active (~33 µM) but was biologically more selective against SCC25. Interestingly, an equimolar mixture of phytosterols was not more effective (no synergistic effect was observed) but was more selective than the individual compounds. The compounds identified are likely accountable for at least part of the cytotoxicity and selectivity effects of C. papaya.

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