Extra-Familial Support

The term ‘sex workers’ refers to those involved in prostitution. This particular term is preferred as it does not have the derogatory, sexist connotation that the term ‘prostitute’ has. Belonging to a highly stigmatized profession with no financial and familial support forthcoming, the latter years of the lives of destitute female sex workers are spent in abject misery and poverty. Effort has been made to study the socio economic status and the ways adopted by these women, post active prostitution period, to support themselves and their families. This paper is based on the field study conducted in central Delhi red light area during August-September, 2016. Direct interviews with the respondents using questionnaires as well as participant observation techniques were used to collect the data. The study indicate that destitute female sex workers, once out of active prostitution, start working as domestic helpers, work with local voluntary organizations, or as helpers in brothels. The income earned is very meager with hardly any amount left to be saved. Most of the women live in one room rented accommodations. Their access to medical facilities was found to be extremely restricted.

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Depressão pós-parto: correlações com suporte sócio-familiar e assistência no SUS/ Postpartum depression: correlations with socio-familial support and assistance in the SUS

REVISTA CIÊNCIAS EM SAÚDE ◽

10.21876/rcsfmit.v1i2.42 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 19-24

Author(s):

Jorge Gelvane Tostes ◽

Fabiane Coura da Silva ◽

Daniela Knopp Barbosa ◽

Denise Lemes de Freitas ◽

Elisa Carneiro de Paula

Keyword(s):

Postpartum Depression ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Familial Support

Objetivos: Investigar possíveis relações entre DPP, condições da gravidez e parto e assistência prestada pelo sistema de saúde público e descrever as características sócio-demográficas de mulheres no período puerperal. Materiais e Métodos: Foram entrevistadas 198 puérperas atendidas no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) de uma cidade do Sul de Minas Gerais, com idades entre 14 e 46 anos. Após lerem e assinarem o Termo de Consentimento Livre e esclarecido, elas responderam um questionário sócio-demográfico, a Edimburg Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) e questões sobre condições da gravidez, parto e assistência prestada pelo SUS. Resultados: A prevalência de DPP foi de 17,2%. As variáveis idade entre 36 e 40 anos (p=0,03, RP=2,4), estado civil separada (p=0,04, RP=2,5), presença de distúrbios psíquicos em gestações anteriores (p< 0,001, RP=3,92), distúrbios psíquicos prévios durante a vida (p< 0,001, RP= 4,25), apresentaram associação com a ocorrência de depressão. Conclusões: O presente estudo apresenta resultados de elevada prevalência de DPP e sugere que pode ocorrer associação com fatores ligados à situação sócio-demográfica da mulher, assim como eventos da sua história médica pregressa. Além disso, nossa pesquisa traz à luz a aparente dificuldade dos profissionais de saúde da rede pública, na abordagem e tratamento de patologia tão prevalente, que leva ao sofrimento significativo para a mãe e potenciais de riscos para a mesma e o seu filho, mas que tem sido pouco reconhecida por esses profissionais.Palavras-chave: Depressão pós-parto, assistência, SUS

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E-cigarettes and smoking in Irish teens: a logistic regression analysis of current (past 30-day) use of e-cigarettes

Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1007/s10389-021-01610-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Joan Hanafin ◽

Salome Sunday ◽

Luke Clancy

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Young People ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Familial Support ◽

School Survey ◽

Binge Drinkers ◽

Alcohol And Other Drugs

Abstract Aim Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among Irish teenagers has risen significantly. In 2019, prevalence of current use (last 30 days) among 15–17-year-olds was 17.3%. We examine social determinants of adolescent e-cigarette current use. Subject and methods A stratified random sample of 50 schools in Ireland was surveyed in 2019, part of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs (ESPAD), with 3495 students aged 15, 16, and 17. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression [providing adjusted odds ratios (AORs)] analyses were performed using Stata version 16. Results Current e-cigarette users were more likely to be male (AOR = 0.55, 95% CI:0.32–0.96, p < .01), younger (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.17–0.67, p = < .05), to participate in sport (AOR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.05–4.65, p < .05), to have higher-educated parents (maternal higher education: AOR = 27.54, 95% CI: 1.50–505.77, p = < .05, paternal higher education: AOR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.00–5.91, p < .05), and less likely to consider their families better off (AOR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.13–0.65, p < .01), or to report familial support (AOR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.64–0.95, p < .05). They were more likely to be cigarette smokers (AOR = 7.22, 95% CI: 3.97–13.12, p < .001), to report problem cannabis use (AOR = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.40–6.93, p < .01), to be ‘binge’ drinkers (AOR = 1.81, 95% CI : 1.00–3.32, p = .054), and to have friends who get drunk (AOR = 5.30, 95% CI: 1.34–20.86, p < .05). Conclusion Boys, smokers, binge drinkers, problem cannabis users, and sport-playing teenagers from higher-educated families, are at particular risk. As the number of young people using e-cigarettes continues to rise, including teenagers who have never smoked, improved regulation of e-cigarettes, similar to other tobacco-related products, is needed urgently to prevent this worrying new trend of initiation into nicotine addiction.

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Exploring High Secure Forensic Patients’ Experiences of Familial Support: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

International Journal of Forensic Mental Health ◽

10.1080/14999013.2021.1885528 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Martha Gillespie ◽

Ethel Quayle ◽

Joe Judge

Keyword(s):

Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽

Phenomenological Analysis ◽

Forensic Patients ◽

Familial Support

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Attitudes of Expectant Fathers Regarding Breast-Feeding

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.90.2.224 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 90 (2) ◽

pp. 224-227

Author(s):

Gary L. Freed ◽

J. Kennard Fraley ◽

Richard J. Schanler

Keyword(s):

Breast Feeding ◽

Formula Feeding ◽

Education Programs ◽

Feeding Method ◽

Familial Support ◽

Feeding Group ◽

Breast Feed ◽

Nursing Mothers ◽

Expectant Fathers ◽

Study Population

Fathers participate in choosing the feeding method for their newborns. However they traditionally have not been included in most breast-feeding education programs. To examine expectant fathers' attitudes and knowledge regarding breast-feeding, we surveyed 268 men during the first session of their Childbirth education classes at five private hospitals in Houston, Texas. The study population was 81% white, 8% black, and 6% hispanic. Ninety-seven percent (n = 259) of the total were married. Fifty-eight percent (n = 156) reported that their spouses planned to breast-feed exclusively; several signficant differences existed between these men and those who reported plans for exclusive formula feeding. The breast-feeding group was more likely to believe breast-feeding is better for the baby (96% vs 62%; P < .0001), helps with infant bonding (92% vs 53%; P < .0001), and protects the infant from disease (79% vs 47% P < .001). The breast-feeding group was also more likely to want their partner to breast-feed (90% vs 13%; P < .0001) and to have respect for breast-feeding women (57% vs 16%; P < .0001). Conversely, those in the formula feeding group were more likely to think breast-feeding is bad for breasts (52% vs 22%; P < .01), makes breasts ugly (44% vs 23%; P < .05), and interferes with sex (72% vs 24%; P < .0001). The majority of both groups indicated breast-feeding was not acceptable in public (breast-feeding = 71%, formula feeding = 78%, P < .05). These data demonstrate misperceptions and a lack of education regarding breast-feeding in the formula feeding group and a lack of public acceptance in both groups. We conclude that fathers must be included in breast-feeding education programs. Confrontation of myths and misperceptions prenatally may help to overcome obstacles to the initiation of breast-feeding and to provide greater familial support for nursing mothers.

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The Development and Validation of the Familial Support of Multiracial Experiences Scale

The Counseling Psychologist ◽

10.1177/00110000211046354 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 001100002110463

Author(s):

Annabelle L. Atkin ◽

N. Keita Christophe ◽

Hyung Chol Yoo ◽

Abigail K. Gabriel ◽

Christine S. Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

The United States ◽

Racial Groups ◽

Identity Exploration ◽

Familial Support ◽

Racial Experiences ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Development And Validation ◽

Group Memberships

The purpose of this study was to develop a measure of familial support of Multiracial individuals’ unique racial experiences to advance the field’s understanding of how familial processes influence Multiracial development. A sample of 422 Multiracial college students (77.7% female, Mage = 20.05) from three different regions of the United States completed the survey. Exploratory factor analysis results suggested a two-factor measure. Multiracial Conscious Support, a 15-item subscale, represented support strategies unique to Multiracial individuals’ experiences of discrimination and identity exploration. The second 7-item subscale, Multiple Heritage Validation, represented validation of membership in multiple racial groups. The factor structure was supported by confirmatory factor analysis findings with a separate sample. Support was found for the reliability and validity of each subscale. This study provides evidence validating the first measure of familial support of Multiracial experiences, highlighting two themes of support addressing unique experiences of being Multiracial, and validating multiple racial group memberships.

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Socio-Cultural Conception of Albinism and Sexuality Challenges among Persons with Albinism (PWA) in South-West, Nigeria

AFRREV IJAH An International Journal of Arts and Humanities ◽

10.4314/ijah.v4i2.14 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 189-208

Author(s):

AD Ikuomola

Keyword(s):

Identity Formation ◽

Key Words ◽

Sexual Relationships ◽

Male Child ◽

Cultural Barriers ◽

African Society ◽

Familial Support ◽

South West ◽

Lack Of Information ◽

Spirit Beings

The conception of albinism and the plight facing persons with albinism (PWA) in south-western Nigeria have long been viewed and overemphasised from a biomedical perspective. However, there is a lack of information on the socio-historical conception of albinism and the corollary effect on albinos’ sexuality challenges. This study examines the socio-cultural barriers affecting PWA in the formation of identity and sexual negotiations and relationships. The study was purely qualitative in nature, revealing the Yoruba myths, folktales and legends about albinos as both disabled and divine beings. This was highlighted as having a significant impact on their sexuality, associations, and relationships with persons with/out pigmentation defects. Men with albinism (MWA) were discovered to be more likely to get involved in relationships and possibly getting married especially if they are from a wealthy home. Similarly a better chance and strong familial support exist for a first-born son and for an only male child, than the females with albinism (FWA). This buttresses the patriarchal nature of the African society which emphasises much preference for the male born. From birth therefore, gender was narrated as a discriminatory factor. However, identity formation, association and getting involved in sexual relationships were major challenges affecting all PWA. For the female PWA the risk of being used for money making rituals; not knowing a sincere partner; their more fragile nature and perceived fear of societal objection and hatred in seeing a non-albino with an albino getting involved were highly traumatising. The study concluded that the sociocultural conception of albinism and albinos as disabled and spirit beings should be deconstructed to pave the way for effective expression of sexual relationships. Key words: Spirit beings, myth, relationships, gender, patriarchy

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Familial Support as a Determinant of Women Career Development: A Qualitative Study

Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Legal Studies ◽

10.34104/ajssls.020.076087 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 76-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Keyword(s):

Career Development ◽

Sampling Procedure ◽

Primary Data ◽

Familial Support ◽

Women's Participation ◽

The Family ◽

And Gender ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Balance Family

Although women’s participation in the workforce has increased remarkably in recent times but women are still lagging behind because of the traditional thinking and attitudes of their families in the context of Bangladesh. The purpose of the current study was to explore the role of the family in shaping women’s career development. The study was conducted in a qualitative approach and it was exploratory in nature. The study was conducted during November-December, 2019 in Khulna division, Bangladesh. The purposive sampling procedure was used to select the 25 respondents of the study. The respondents constituted of working women from different professions. Primary data was collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews extending from 35 to 45 minutes. The collected data were analyzed using thematic analysis method and nine themes emerged from the transcripts. The emerged themes were acceptance and aspiration from family, spousal support, being a mother, grown-up children as helping hands, family and work balance, family as a social network, family as a barrier, family as a lever, and gender inequality. This research highlighted the fact that women’s career practices and its development depended highly on familial roles. The family possesses the ability to affect women’s career success both positively and negatively. The study revealed that women who received positive support from their families were more motivated and achieved greater success in their professional life. Family can serve both as a lever as well as a barrier in shaping a woman’s career.

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Knowledge, attitude and practices of Ramadan fasting on health and disease among pregnant Muslim women in urban health centre of a medical college

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20195869 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 289

Author(s):

Muhammed Muntazeem G. ◽

Varadaraja Rao B. A. ◽

Mane Kusum S.

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Urban Health ◽

Health Centre ◽

Muslim Women ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Familial Support ◽

Mother And Child ◽

Urban Health Centre

Background: Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan entails abstinence from food, water, smoking and drugs from dawn to sunset. In Islamic religious rule fasting during Ramadan is not mandatory if there is any contraindication such as illness, old age, pregnancy, etc. Many studies have shown that most Muslim women choose to fast during pregnancy because of a sense of religious duty, familial support, positive views on fasting and difficulty in completing the missed fasts at another time.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 124 pregnant Muslim women attending urban health centre for antenatal care during the month of Ramadan at Davanagere city. Data was entered in the Microsoft Excel and presented in the form of frequencies.Results: In this study majority of pregnant women believed that fasting during pregnancy is harmful to mother as well as child. Overall, 80.6% of pregnant women did not observed fasting during pregnancy.Conclusions: In this study majority of the pregnant women did not observed fasting during the month of Ramadan. Health education should be given to all pregnant women and family members regarding adverse effect of fasting on mother and child health.

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