scholarly journals Explicit Import Revisited: A Critical Appraisal of Explicatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 163-185
Author(s):  
Maria Jodłowiec
Keyword(s):  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Logical Form ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Psychological Reality ◽  
Pragmatic Enrichment ◽  
Communication Frameworks ◽  
Utterance Interpretation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Plausible Theory ◽  
The Way

The main goal of this paper is to argue that the way explicitly communicated content is approached in leading pragmatic theories is flawed, since it is posited that explicature generation involves pragmatic enrichment of the decoded logical form of the utterance to full propositionality. This kind of enhancement postulated to underlie explicature generation appears to be theoretically inadequate and not to correspond to the psychological reality of utterance interpretation. Drawing on earlier critique of extant pragmatic positions on explicatures, mainly by Borg (2016) and Jary (2016), I add further arguments against modelling explicitly communicated import in the way leading verbal communication frameworks do. It is emphasized that the cognitively plausible theory of communicated meaning is compromised at the cost of theory-internal concerns.

Active and Trust Based Packet Transfer Method via Route Tracking for Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S2) ◽  
pp. 221-224
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Remote Sensor ◽  
Dynamic Source ◽  
Transfer Method ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Ebb And Flow ◽  
The Way

Trust is critical in remote sensor systems to exchange the information from source to goal. The Dynamic Source Protocol computes the substitute way, if any hub neglects to exchange the information. The Dynamic Source Protocol does not have any worked in usefulness to figure a substitute way if the way has a vindictive hub. With the cost of an interloper recognition framework we can identify the vindictive hub and modify the information/parcel exchange way. Notwithstanding, gatecrasher location framework is extremely costly for remote sensor systems and there is no certification in identifying a malevolent hub. In the ebb and flow look into a trust-based approach is prescribed to limit the overheads of gatecrasher location framework and it likewise recognizes the anomalous conduct hubs. The proposed demonstrate utilizes the rehashed recreations to distinguish flawed hubs through the agreeable exertion in the sensor organize and additionally judges the trust of progressive hubs. Reenactments were exhibited for standardized result of parcel dropping, normal rebate result, and trust connection.

Calculability, Convention, and Conversational Implicature

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne A. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Conversational Implicature ◽  
Causal Processes ◽  
Speaker Meaning ◽  
Figurative Speech ◽  
Utterance Interpretation ◽  
The Way

I applaud the arguments in Lepore and Stone (2015) that Gricean, Neo-Gricean, and Relevance theories of conversational implicature and utterance interpretation are deeply flawed because the additional meanings speakers convey when using sentences are conventional rather than calculable. I then go on to rebut several conclusions Lepore and Stone endorse that do not follow: that there is no such thing as conversational implicature; that in figurative speech speakers do not mean anything beyond what the sentences they utter mean; that anything a speaker means is something the speaker directly intends and says; and that any meanings conveyed conventionally are given by the grammar or semantics of the language. Along the way, I argue that conventions are constituted by certain causal processes, not mutual expectations, and I distinguish two types of speaker meaning.

scholarly journals Framing policy designs through contradictory emotions: The case of Czech single mothers

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna P Durnová ◽  
Eva M Hejzlarová
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Single Mothers ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Policy Goal ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Way

In public policy scholarship on policy design, emotions are still treated as opposed to goals, and their presence is assumed to signal that things have gone wrong. We argue, however, that understanding how and for whom emotions matter is vital to the dynamics of policy designs because emotions are central to the capacity building of policy intermediaries and, with that, to the success of public policies. We examine the case of Czech single mothers in their role as intermediaries in ‘alimony policy’. Our interpretive survey provided single mothers an opportunity to express the way they experience the policy emotionally. The analysis reveals that the policy goal of the child’s well-being is produced at the cost of the mother’s emotional tensions and that policy designs defuse these emotional tensions, implicitly. These contradictory emotions expressed by mothers show us a gateway to problematising policy designs in a novel way, which reconsiders construing policy design as a technical, solution-oriented enterprise to one in which emotional tensions intervene in policy design and are essential for succeeding.

Timelessness, Dementia and the Appeal to Practice: A Response to Swinton’s Rejoinder

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pastoral Care ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Theological Method ◽  
Philosophical Theology ◽  
Static Image ◽  
The Way

In this article, Wilko van Holten and Martin Walton continue the exchange with John Swinton regarding the understanding and usefulness of the “timelessness of God” (Swinton, 2016) in the context of dementia (see HSCC 8(1), “A Critical Appraisal of John Swinton’s Theology of Time and Memory” by van Holten and Walton, 2020, and “A Rejoinder to van Holten and Walton” by Swinton, 2020a). Both van Holten and Walton argue that Swinton’s restatement of God’s eternal presence in terms of unchangeableness comes with a serious theological price, namely, a static image of the divine. Swinton’s refusal to pay this price points to a tension in his thinking on this point. The authors adduce some empirical evidence to substantiate the claim that a timeless and immutable God is psycho-spiritually less appropriate in the context of pastoral care. For van Holten and Walton, their major concern is not with the intentions or conclusions at which Swinton arrives, but with the way in which he argues for those conclusions and expresses these intentions. In this exchange, practical and philosophical theology meet, and the authors explore some of the questions which are raised. These questions ultimately are concerned with theological method. A response to this article by Swinton will also be published in this issue of HSCC (see Swinton, 2022).

If Art is Knowledge, Then …

1979 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-294
Author(s):  
John H. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Visual Art ◽  
Art Criticism ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
The World ◽  
Thing In Itself ◽  
The Way

It is argued that visual art makes statements analogous to the statements of science, morals, etc. Such art statements are provided by entities like Guernica, The Fighting Temeraire, and pictures on the walls of the local gallery, and concern themselves with things-in-themselves. The whole point of art criticism is to make clearer this thing-in-itself. In the way that other sorts of statement shape the world, so art statements shape the world. We do not know the world and then superimpose art statements upon it; we know the world through the art statements. This thesis has curriculum implications. It indicates the need for art encounters and techniques of various sorts, since the knowledge of art statements can only be apprehended through engaging in art and from intense verbal communication with teachers about art and its qualities.

scholarly journals Theories used in NLP for motivation. 2nd part

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-257
Author(s):  
Bogdan-Alexandru Furduescu
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Learning ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Way

Abstract One of the purposes of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (international acronym: NLP) is to motivate different skills from specific methods, techniques, tools, processes, theories and models into a single coherent and very Effective when implemented. Most of the methods, techniques, tools, processes, theories and specific models of NLP were created through the process called “modeling”, which, in principle, involves decipting the way in which the mind and how we think (neuro) operates through analyzing language (linguistic) patterns and non-verbal communication, the results of the analysis being integrated step by step in a strategy (programming) that can be used to transfer the ability of other individuals. The most important aspect of NLP is perhaps the practical-pragmatic, tracksuit programs and NLP concepts focusing on the interactive side and experiential learning, precisely in order for these concepts and principles to be fair and fully perceived and understood.

scholarly journals BILINGUALISM IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE ENTITLED 25 BEAUTIFUL FRIENDSHIP

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adek ◽  
Lilia Zahra Asifa
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Bilingual Education ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Data Description ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Basic Level ◽  
The Way

Indonesia is one of the countries that has implemented a bilingual education program through English lessons since entry level. Therefore, this study aims to describe the effect of bilingual education on children’s language used. The object of research is a novel entitled 25 Beautiful Friendship by Annisa Zhahrotushama Balqis. Data description is managed by showing facts related to the influence of bilingualism (foreign language) on the language used by the author in her novel, such as giving names of titles, characters, places, food items, events and others. Based on the findings and results of the analysis above, it can be concluded that the massive teaching of foreign languages such as English into basic-level education has a significant impact on the way children convey their feelings and experiences in verbal communication.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN PERILAKU DAN SITUASI DALAM PROSESI ZIARAH PADA TINGGALAN ARKEOLOGI SEBAGAI UPAYA PELESTARIAN (THE UTILIZATION OF BEHAVIOR AND SITUATION IN THE PILGRIMAGE PROCESSION AT ARCHAEOLOGICAL REMAINS AS A PRESERVATION EFFORT)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
NFn Wasita, M.A.
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
Sacred Place ◽  
Proper Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Way

Sebagian rangkaian aktivitas ziarah di beberapa situs arkeologi di KabupatenTapin dan Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalimantan Selatan menunjukkan adanya perilaku dan situasi di tempat ziarah yang mendukung kegiatan pelestarian tinggalan arkeologi. Oleh karena itu, peluang ini perlu dimanfaatkan agar pihak arkeologi mendapatkan cara pelestarian yang melibatkan masyarakat dan murah biayanya. Berkaitan dengan itu, maka penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menemukan cara dalam memanfaatkan perilaku dan situasi untuk pelestarian tinggalan arkeologi dengan tidak mengganggu kegiatan ziarah, namun kegiatan pelestarian yang diinginkan dapat dipertanggungjawabkan secara keilmuan (arkeologi). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Implementasinya di lapangan dilakukan dengan mendeskripsikan tinggalan arkeologi untuk mengetahui kondisi eksistingnya dan riwayat pemugaran yang pernah dilakukan. Pendeskripsian ini untuk mengetahui hal-hal apa saja yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam mendukung kegiatan pelestarian. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa di situs-situs arkeologi yang diziarahi terdapat situasi dan perilaku para peziarah yang mendukung kegiatan pelestarian, seperti harus bersikap sopan, tidak merusak barang-barang yang ada di tempat ziarah (dalam konteks ini termasuk tinggalan arkeologi) dan situasi di tempat ziarah yang sakral, serta adanya teguran dari orang yang hidup di alam sebelah jika tidak sopan atau melanggar tata cara ziarah. Jadi kesimpulannya, situasi dan perilaku tersebut perlu dimanfaatkan untuk mendukung pelestarian tinggalan arkeologi. Caranya dengan memberi dukungan, karena perilaku yang baik (tidak merusak warisan budaya) merupakan bagian dari isi undang-undang cagar budaya. Selain itu, juga menghormati situasi yang tercipta di tempat ziarah karena itu merupakan pemaknaan oleh sebagian masyarakat. Agar cara mendukung dan menghormati dapat dipertanggungjawabkan, arkeolog harus jujur dan netral dalam kegiatan pelestarian.Kata kuci: tinggalan arkeologi, ziarah, situasi, perilaku, pelestarianSome parts of pilgrimage activities at several archeological sites in Tapin and Hulu Sungai Utara Districts indicate the existence of behaviors and conditions that support the conservation of archeological remains. This opportunity needs to be utilized, therefore the archeological party can obtain conservation methods that involve the community and the cost is cheap. The research goal is to gain proper method on utilizing pilgrim behaviors and situation for preserving archeological remains without interfering the pilgrimage activities, but the desired of conservation activities can be scientifically accounted (archeology). This research was conducted by using descriptive methods. Its implementation in the field was carried out by describing the archaeological remains of the existing conditions and the history of restoration that had been carried out. The describing of the pilgrim behaviors and the place conditions of pilgrimage is to find out what things can be utilized in supporting conservation activities. The results indicate that at the visited archeological sites there are conditions and behavior of pilgrims who supported conservation activities, such as having to be polite, not damage the items that are in the place of pilgrimage (in this context including archeological remains) and the situation in the sacred place of pilgrimage, as well as the rebuke of people living in the adjoining realm if they are not polite or violate to the procedure of pilgrimage. It is concluded that the situation and behavior need to be used to support the preservation of archeological remains. The way is by giving support, because good behavior (not damaging cultural heritage) is part of the contents of the cultural heritage law. In addition, it also respects the situation created in the place of pilgrimage because it is a meaning by some people. In order to be able to support and respect ways, archaeologists must be honest and neutral in conservation activities.Keywords: archaeological remains, pilgrimage, situations, behavior, preservation.

scholarly journals The impact of online marketing on start-up’s - theoritical frame work

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-57
Author(s):  
Rani C ◽  
Harshavardhan V ◽  
Harshith G
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Online Marketing ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
Frame Work ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

In the 21st century online marketing is the most effective wayof advertising any product or service.Online marketing helps the smallbusinesses and also startup’sin a significant manner.online marketing happens in a virtual and interactive space where the promotion of products and services takes place. The advancement in technology has drastically changed the way of marketing. In online marketing the cost-effective compared to the traditional marketing. Most of the startup’s fail due to a lack of proper strategy.Onlinemarketing is innovativelycreating a platform for start-ups in innovative manner to reach the customers the main motto of this presentation is to show the positive side of the online marketing on start-ups and small businesses.

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