scholarly journals China – Angola – Russia: Non-existing Triangle

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-61
Author(s):  
A. Dikarev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Economic Interest ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich

This article contains the detailed comparative analysis of Russian and Chinese participation in the economic development of one of the most important African countries. The article highlights the history of credits and loans, foreign direct investments to Angola, dynamics of Russian and Chines trade turnover in the 21-st century. Main projects of Russia-Angola economic co-operation, activities of the biggest Chinese companies in Angola are in the scope of this research. Main economic interest of both powers – China and Russia – is to obtain access to the rich energy and mineral resources of Angola. However, any numerical indices of Russian and Chinese involvement into Angolan economics show that Russia cannot compete with China in this respect. Incomparable scale of trade turnover and economic cooperation make the hypotheses about possible “rivalry” between Russia and China in this region groundless. In spite of the fact that China has reduced loans volumes to Angola recently, the trade between the two countries shows increasing trend. For the time being Russia seems competitive to China in military cooperation with Angola though falls behind in humanitarian sphere.

Commonalities and differences of tax systems in West Balkan countries Comparative analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teuta Balliu ◽  
Aida Gaçe Llozana
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Fiscal Discipline ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Revenue Collection ◽  
Balkan Countries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Tax Systems

Countries of former Yugoslavia and Albania are considered as countries with many common problems as well as changes, which in this context are regarded as insignificant. On their way towards development, these countries are characterized by common problem, among which the most sensitive have been and still remain, unemployment, increasingly compressed public administration, unjustified optimism when planning the budget, mismanagement of public finances and poor fiscal discipline which mostly depends on being or not an election year. In these countries we notice the lack of harmony between economic and fiscal policies and the real needs of the economy. This is seen as other major common ofWest Balkan countries. This similiarity of problems narrows the possibility of competition associated to the foreign investment absorbing capacity. But, which is the moacroeconomic picture in the countries of West Balkan? What are their tax systems? How much are the foreign direct investments? Does the tax system serve as a promoter for these invvestments? This paper represents a comparative analysis of the fiscal systems in the countries of this region. The subject of this paper is the protection with arguments of the economic and fiscal policy which are built for the economic development of a country. This because we are given that there are two types of experiences related to tax system, one of which handles taxes as instruments for revenue collection and the other as a promoter factor for economic development.

Historical Representations and Recent Changes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Schaflechner
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Oral Histories ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Representations ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Many Sources ◽  
Over Time

Chapter 3 introduces the tradition of ritual journeys and sacred geographies in South Asia, then hones in on a detailed history of the grueling and elaborate pilgrimage attached to the shrine of Hinglaj. Before the construction of the Makran Coastal Highway the journey to the Goddess’s remote abode in the desert of Balochistan frequently presented a lethally dangerous undertaking for her devotees, the hardships of which have been described by many sources in Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Sindhi, and Urdu. This chapter draws heavily from original sources, including travelogues and novels, which are supplanted with local oral histories in order to weave a historical tapestry that displays the rich array of practices and beliefs surrounding the pilgrimage and how they have changed over time. The comparative analysis demonstrates how certain motifs, such as austerity (Skt. tapasyā), remain important themes within the whole Hinglaj genre even in modern times while others have been lost in the contemporary era.

Saving and Spending

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lendol Calder
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Money Management ◽  
Not Given ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Rich

Monetization, which describes the process whereby money became the dominant means of exchange in developing commercial societies, is an economic development whose profound social, political, and cultural consequences are not yet well understood. The monetization of household economic life elevated practices that once affected only the wealthy – Fan Li's ‘golden rules for business success’ – to core competencies of living, mandatory for everyone. Reflecting on the scholarship that has examined saving and spending, this article examines consumption and why historians of consumer culture have not given the financial affairs of consumers the attention the subject deserves. The historical work that has been done, though sparse, amply demonstrates the rich potential of the financial arts for generating significant problem areas for research. Few other subjects in the glittering universe of consumption lead more directly to the largest questions we can ask about desire, virtue, and the construction of the modern self. The article also considers the history of thrift, money management, and financialization.

Doing Business in Africa and African Business Opportunities

2014 ◽  
pp. 119-166
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
And Performance

This is a key chapter in this book. It is central to the book’s message and explains fully the concept “doing business in Africa.” The chapter further classifies African business opportunities into enabling and specific opportunities. Specific opportunities are precise areas of Foreign Direct investments. The enabling opportunities are resources and institutions that make investing and doing business in Africa possible and easier. These resources and institutions include USA, European, Chinese, Brazilian, and Indian strategies to promote investment and “doing business in Africa.” These strategies further include linkages and several USA, European, Indian, Brazilian, and Chinese institutions focusing on promoting African trade and business. Moreover, the various perspectives of Foreign Direct Investment in Africa are elucidated and African countries are classified according to their economic development and performance levels.

Urbanization and Electric Power Crisis in Ghana

2018 ◽  
pp. 262-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Brandful Cobbinah ◽  
Ellis Adjei Adams
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
History Of

Traditionally, urbanization is hailed as an important force for socio-economic development of countries. In fact, recent research on Africa suggests that urbanization has the potential to stimulate socio-economic development. Yet, many African countries experiencing rapid urban growth continue to bear a disproportionate amount of the costs associated with urbanization (e.g., increased urban poverty, and energy crisis among others). This is in sharp contradiction to the popular notion that urbanization is a stimulus for socio-economic development. Using Ghana as a case study, this chapter discusses the extent to which rapid urbanization influences power supply and the implications on socio-economic development. The chapter focuses on four issues: (1) the history of power and urbanization in Ghana; (2) the influence of urbanization on power crisis in Ghana; (3) the socio-economic implications of urbanization-induced power crisis; and (4) the policies available in addressing the power crisis. Recommendations to address the ever-growing demand for electrical power are proffered

scholarly journals Data on mineral raw materials trade turnover – evolution of methodology

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54
Author(s):  
Marcin Tymiński ◽  
Marcin Szuflicki ◽  
Agnieszka Malon ◽  
Krzysztof Szamałek
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Mineral Raw Materials ◽  
History Of Collecting ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Trade Partners ◽  
Gathering Data

Abstract The article presents the history of collecting data on mineral raw materials export and import in Poland and balancing mineral raw materials resources. The methodology of gathering data was analyzed on the basis of the publication “The Balance of Mineral Resources Deposits in Poland”. This is the current title of the yearbook, the back issues of which are collected in the Polish Geological Institute-National Research Institute headquarters. During the last decades the institutions responsible for collecting and delivering data have changed and they were cited in the article along with the names of general editors of the publication and the authors of the chapter devoted to the exports and imports. As a result, data on mineral raw materials international trade have been presented every year. Moreover, the scope of data and the manner of their presentation were covered in the article. The information on Polish export and import of mineral raw materials has been compiled since the 1960s. Significant changes took place for more than 50 years not only within Polish but also in the world economy, and these economic conditions – the growing number of trade partners, changes in accounting for commodities or currency changes – were the main factors influencing the successive conversions of data presentations. The range of data grew significantly, the source of data altered several times and the methodology of data presentation changed a lot. Over time, there were data presented in longer hindsight and not only on exports and imports but also on the turnover balance. The balance is treated as a reflection of the domestic mineral raw materials sector and of a situation in world mineral economy. Thus, tendencies in the trade turnover have been presented for the last 30 years, for export, import and balance. Graphs were also included in the article showing such changes in relation to the value and magnitude of the trade turnover for all mineral resources and for particular groups – energy, metallic, chemical and rock raw materials. The most important raw materials – in terms of affecting the total balance in Poland – were also specified in the article.

A Note on Economic Development in North Korea: Call for a Comprehensive Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-259
Author(s):  
Yong-Shik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
South Korea ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Political Economic

Abstract North Korea is currently one of the most impoverished countries with a history of famine, but the country has a significant potential for economic development that could lift its population from poverty. Neighbored by some of the largest and most advanced economies in the world (South Korea, Japan, and China) and endowed with abundant mineral resources, industrial experience, and a history of successful economic development in the past, North Korea can embark on the path to rapid economic development, as its southern counterpart (South Korea) did so successfully since the 1960s. Yet, the successful economic development of North Korea requires a comprehensive approach, including obtaining a fund for development; normalizing relations with the West and the neighboring countries; improving its human rights conditions; prioritizing key industrial development; and reforming its political-economic system. This note discusses the comprehensive approach necessary for the successful economic development of North Korea.

The Economic History of India: A Bibliographic Essay

1961 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morris David Morris ◽  
Burton Stein
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Research Center ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

In october 1959 a small group of scholars met under the auspices of the University of Chicago's Research Center in Economic Development and Cultural Change to discuss problems of research in Asian economic history. Papers prepared by two participants explored work already done in Indian economic history. It was felt that these two papers might be useful to others, those concerned with Indian economic history and those interested in comparative analysis.

Recommendations: Mineral Resources and their Utilization, including their Effects on Economic Development

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-35
Author(s):  
Leonid N. Aksiuk ◽  
Richard L. Sklar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
External Factors ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Mineral Industries ◽  
Productive Growth

Several African countries with rich endowments of mineral resources and petroleum have, paradoxically, achieved less by way of economic development than other African states without such wealth. In the African mineral economies there is less diversification of production, less investment, higher foreign debt, greater unemployment, and weaker overall productive growth. The causes of this poor economic performance involve both external factors, such as declining prices of primary commodity products, and internal factors, such as rent-seeking activities of politically powerful groups which give their support to governmental leaders in return for access to wealth. Inevitably, the mineral industries, which depend on timely investments and good management, decline. As a result the governments then resort to heavy foreign borrowing.

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