scholarly journals Effectiveness of Moringa oleifera seed powder as qcoagulant and reduction of TSS, COD, total coliform in the face water

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Hoai Phong ◽  
Phan Thi Kim Thi ◽  
Nguyen Thao Nhu ◽  
Huynh Thi Thanh Truc ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Sample ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Coagulation Time ◽  
The Face ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

The use of plant-deriveded natural coagulants in water treatment systems is seen as solution to replace chemical coagulants. Among them, the Moringa oleifera has proved to be one of the most effective natural, low - cost, environmentally friendly water coagulants. In this study, Moringa oleifera has used from 0 g (control sample without coagulants) to 2.0 g of Moringa oleifera seed powder in one liter of the Tien river water sample, coagulation time in 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours. The results of the study showed that Moringa oleifera seed powder has antibacterial ability when adding 0.4 g per liter of water treated. The water sample has TSS of 93.3 mg/l, COD of 101 mg/l, and the presence of 1530 MPN/100ml Coliform bacteria. After one hour coagulation of treatment, it reduced to TSS, COD, and Coliform were found to be 13.3 mg/l, 18.7 mg/l, and 9 MPN/100ml, respectively. The efficiency of reduction for 76.92% TSS, 81.57% COD, and 99.41% Coliform.

scholarly journals Use of ceramic pot filter (CPF) technology under pressure in an in-line pumping system

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-852
Author(s):  
Travis D. Gardner ◽  
Joe D. Guggenberger
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Logarithmic Reduction

Abstract Ceramic pot filters (CPFs) are an effective point of use water treatment device in developing nations due to their low cost and effectiveness. CPFs are gravity fed, typically making water production a major limiting factor to a CPF's lifetime and acceptability. Directly connecting CPFs to in-line pumping systems or systems with an elevated storage tank would allow filter usage for constant water treatment at increased pressures, increasing the quantity of treated water. Ceramic disks were manufactured for testing in a specially designed housing apparatus. Filters of varying thicknesses and clay to sawdust mass ratios were manufactured to fit tightly. Flowrate and microbiological removal efficacy (logarithmic reduction value (LRV)) were determined over the testing period at various pressures. Flowrate values ranged from 2.44 to 9.04 L per hour, significantly higher than traditional CPF technology. LRVs ranged from 1.1 to 2.0, lower than traditional CPF technology but still effective at removing most Escherichia coli and total coliform bacteria. Filters proved effective at removing total and fecal coliforms at pressures less than 70 kilopascals. The optimum filter had a thickness of 3.2 cm and clay to sawdust ratio of 6:1 by mass. Filters proved to be ineffective if flowrates were above 5 L/h.

scholarly journals Effects of Boiling Water Temperature on Biofilm Formation in PTI Community Potable Water

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
E Fadairo ◽  
M Otite-Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Boiling Water ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Total Coliform Bacteria

This study investigated the effects of boiling temperature and associated physico-chemical parameters on the Petroleum Training Institute potable water and the possibility of biofilm formation in its delivery systems. A total of 25 potable water samples were used for this study. The environmental parameters investigated were pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solid (TSS), dissolved oxygen (DO1), / DO5, salinity, resistivity, total coliform bacteria (as an indicator of possible biofilm presence in the distribution system) and biofilm . An overall prevalence of <1 of the total coliform bacteria was observed in the plus-boiling and minus-boiling potable water sample, except for the female hostel which showed moderate stain for the qualitative biofilm test. For the minus-boiling water sample, pH values were between 5.04±0.47 to 6.82±0.48; Total suspended solids ranged between 0.09±0.05-0.17±0.02, total dissolved solid ranged between 4.07±0.73 to 5.58±0.70, conductivity values ranged between 8.02±0.90 to 11.54±1.67, dissolved oxygen ranged between 1.97±0.26 to 3.12 ±0.13, the DO5 ranged between 1.91±0.32 to 2.72± 0.29 while resistivity ranged between 7.79±0.13 to 10.88±0.18. Values for the Plus-boiling and filtered samples showed a pH range of 6.02±0.26 to 6.95±0.26; conductivity 7.21±0.10 to 9.88±0.67; DO ranged between 1.01±0.14 to 2.08±0.35, DO 5 was 1.02±0.02 to 2.01±0.38, TSS and TDS ranged between 0.02±0.001, 3.74±0.62 to 0.03±0.002 and 4.95±0.42 respectively while resistivity ranged between 1.02±0.11 to 1.98±0.16. For all parameters analyzed, values obtained falls within the WHO limit for potable water except for the qualitative biofilm test on FSH minus-boiling water sample which gave moderate stain with 0.1% crystal violet stain and the pH values which fall below WHO acceptable limits. Boiling and filtration of potable water irrespective of the source is campaigned from this study in order to enhance the prevention and management of water borne diseases within the institute community.

scholarly journals SEMENTES DE Moringa oleífera Lam: EFICIÊNCIA NO USO DE COAGULANTE BIOLÓGICO NO TRATAMENTO DE ÁGUA COM TURBIDEZ, COMPARADO AO COAGULANTE QUÍMICO SULFATO DE ALUMÍNIO

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Maiara Luzia Grigoli OLIVIO ◽  
Elizângela Flávia Jacob ESTEVES ◽  
Dagmar Aparecida de Marco FERRO
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Comumente o sulfato de alumínio é o coagulante químico utilizado nas Estações de Tratamentos para a clarificação da água, embora produza um lodo tóxico de difícil deposição no ambiente. No entanto, os coagulantes naturais como sementes de Moringa oleífera Lam. têm demonstrado vantagens para tratamento em comparação aos químicos, pela simplicidade de uso e baixo custo. O estudo objetivou analisar a eficiência coagulante da semente de Moringa oleífera na clarificação de água com turbidez e comparar com os parâmetros do coagulante químico sulfato de alumínio. As amostras de água foram coletadas no Córrego Jacu Queimado e as sementes colhidas em um plantio da própria espécie. Foram realizados, em laboratório, etapas sequenciais do experimento: comparação da eficiência da semente verde e seca, determinação da concentração e tempo de exposição da semente à água, comparação de agitação manual e magnética entre elas e do coagulante biológico com o químico, sendo analisados os aspectos físico, químico e biológico antes e após a adição de ambos. Observou-se que apenas a semente seca realiza a clarificação da água em comparação com os resultados das análises da água clarificada com o sulfato, determinando-se que 5 sementes são eficazes para tratar 1 litro de água com turbidez de até 25,0 NTU, considerando-se mais relevante a agitação manual para o efeito de coagulação e o aguardo de 2 horas para o término da decantação. Conclui-se, que a semente de Moringa é um coagulante biológico que se apresenta como alternativa para o tratamento de água com turbidez, porém, ainda não é indicada para a potabilidade. É preciso dar continuidade ao tratamento em busca de processos que visam melhorar a qualidade da água para aproximar-se aos parâmetros aceitáveis para o consumo humano.   Moringa oleífera Lam SEEDS: EFFICIENT USE OF BIOLOGICAL COAGULANT FOR WATER TURBIDITY TREATMENT, COMPARED TO ALUMINUM SULFATE CHEMICAL COAGULANT   ABSTRACT Aluminum sulfate is a chemical coagulant commonly used at Water Treatment Plants for water clarification, although it produces a toxic sludge of difficult deposition in the environment. However, natural coagulants such as Moringa oleíferaLam seeds have evidenced the advantages for the treatment when compared to chemicals, due to either their simplicity in and low cost.  This research aims at reviewing the efficient use of   Moringa oleífera seeds as coagulants for turbid water clarification as well as comparing the parameters of aluminum sulfate chemical coagulants. The water samples were collected at Córrego Jacu Queimado and the seeds were harvested from a crop of its own species. Sequential steps were performed in the lab for this experiment: Comparison of green and dry seeds efficiency, concentration and time of exposition of the seed to water measurements, comparison of manual and magnetic stirring among them and among biological and chemical coagulants, being analyzed physical, chemical and biological aspects before and after adding both of them. It was observed that only the dry seed enables water clarification when comparing the analysis results to sulfate water clarification, it was ascertained that 5 seeds are efficient to treat a liter of 25,0 NTU turbidity in water, considering as more relevant manual stirring for coagulation effect after a two-hour rest for decantation completion. It was concluded that Moringa seed is a biological coagulant presented as an alternative for turbid water treatment, although it is not indicated for drinkability. Further treatment is necessary in order to keep searching for processes that target to improve the quality of water and meeting acceptable parameters for water consumption.   Keywords: Biological Coagulant. Chemical Coagulant. Efficiency. Water Clarification. Comparative Parameters.

scholarly journals Clarification of the water of wetlands using a mixture of natural coagulants

DYNA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (209) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerin Rianos ◽  
María Carolina Meza Leones ◽  
Ivan Dario Mercado Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Natural Coagulants

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the coagulant power of 5 natural combinations to clarify the water of a wetland. The clarification process was simulated with the jar test and a rapid agitation at 120 rpm was established for this test for 1 minute, slow agitation at 30 rpm for 20 minutes and sedimentation for 15 minutes. For the natural combinations, a ratio of 90-10, 80-20, 70-30, 60-40, and 50-50yucca -seeds of Moringa oleifera was determined. After the process, the turbidity of the water was compared with a control sample. It was determined that the best results were obtained with treatment 2, 4 and 5 that removed the turbidity of the water from the wetland in 89.7%,93.0 and 93.4% and 93.4% respectively.

scholarly journals Utilization of Moringa oleifera as Natural Coagulant for Water Purification

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Meng Hong Ng ◽  
Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

The plant-based natural coagulant has the potential to substitute the chemical coagulant in the water treatment process. In this work, the potential of plant-based natural coagulants in the ability of turbidity removal was identified. The Moringa oleifera seed was selected for the batch analysis test such as pH, contact time, agitation, and dosage. The high alkaline water decreases the effectiveness of plant-based natural coagulants. The agitation and contact time show the importance of the coagulation process. The optimum turbidity removal rate in pH is 4, the contact time is 60 seconds and 3000 seconds for coagulation and flocculation, respectively, the agitation is 300 RPM and 30 RPM for coagulation and flocculation, and lastly, the dosage is 10 g of Moringa oleifera seed. Finally, the plant-based natural coagulants demonstrated the ability to remove turbidity and could be used in place of chemical coagulants.

Chemically modified Moringa oleifera seed husks as low cost adsorbent for removal of copper from aqueous solution

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faridah Ghafar ◽  
Aminullah Mohtar ◽  
Norzahir Sapawe ◽  
Norulakmal Nor Hadi ◽  
Marmy Roshaidah Mohd Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

scholarly journals The Implementation of Chemical Project Learning Model Integrated with Ethno-Stem Approach on Water Treatment Topic Using Kelor (Moringa oleifera) Seed Extract As Bio-Coagulant

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sudarmin ◽  
Cepi Kurniawan ◽  
Puji N ◽  
Musyarofah . ◽  
Ariyatun . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Project Learning ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

Water is one of the natural wealth that is absolutely needed by living things to survive and maintain health. In facts, water treatment is carried out on the raw water that does not meet the standards of clean water quality, therefore, the non-standardized elements need to be eliminated or reduced so that all water meets the applicable standards. One alternative which is available locally is the use of natural coagulants from plants living around us. This research was conducted by students of the UNNES Postgraduate Chemistry Education Magister Program. The process for water treatment employedthepotentialnaturalcoagulantofmoringaseedextractusinganEthno-STEM approach.Thisresearchwascarriedoutasachemicalprojecttask,namelytheproject of using potential bio-coagulant of Moringa oleifera seeds or Moringa plant. In this study, tests were carried out on the use of bio coagulant of moringa seeds extract with various varieties to purify turbid water. The research results concluded that the magisters of chemistry education have been able to design and implement the integrated Ethno-STEM chemical project learning on water purification topic using moringa seed extract (Maringo oleifera). In addition, the findings indicated that the studentswereabletoreconstructethnical-basedscientificknowledgeinthecontextof STEM;andwaterpurificationexperimentswithbio-coagulantofMoringaseedextracts.

scholarly journals Quality assessment of tiger nut milk fortified with Moringa oleifera seed powder

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-112
Author(s):  
Aanuoluwa R. Osaloni ◽  
Charles O. Arijeniwa ◽  
Sunday O. Bada ◽  
Elliot O. Seyifunmi
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Fortified Milk ◽  
Fungal Load ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed ◽  
Carbohydrate Contents

Abstract In this study, the effect of fortification of tiger nut milk with moringa seed on the microbial, nutritional and sensory quality of the local beverage was investigated. Fortification of tiger nut milk significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced the fungal load of the drink with 8.00 as against 17.00 in the control sample. The organisms isolated from the freshly prepared tiger nut milk blends were Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifer and Penicillum species. Further, fortified milk had higher moisture (78.51%), protein (2.97%) and lipid (2.01%) contents compared with the unfortified milk which had 76.83%, 2.11% and 1.45% respectively. Also, the ash, fiber and carbohydrate contents of the unfortified tiger nut milk were higher than that of the fortified tiger nut milk. Similarly, the fortified milk had higher level of all the minerals assessed than unfortified milk. In the sensory evaluation, tiger nut milk fortified with moringa seed had comparable rating to the unfortified milk in appearance, color, consistency and acceptability, but had a lower rating for taste and higher rating for aroma. These results suggest that moringa seed powder may be added to tiger nut milk to improve its nutritional quality.

scholarly journals Study of Coliforms And Clostridium Bacteria Inactivation In Wastewaters By A Pilot Photolysis Process And By The Maturation Lagoons of A Low-Cost Nature-Based WWTP

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos García-Prieto ◽  
Cynthia Manuela Núñez-Núñez ◽  
José Bernardo Proal-Nájera ◽  
Manuel Garcia-Roig
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Bacteria Inactivation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract The inactivation processes of coliform bacteria (total and fecal) and sulphito-reducing Clostridium bacteria (vegetative species and spores) in water maturation lagoon of a low-cost Nature-based wastewater treatment plant using constructed wetlands and through processes of photolysis in a pilot photoreactor have been comparatively studied. The different inactivation mechanisms by photolysis of these bacteria have been studied following the criteria of different statistical and kinetic models. Clostridium disinfection treatments fit models in which two types of bacteria populations coexist, one sensitive (vegetative species) and the other (spores) resistant to the treatment, the sensitive one (94 %) with an inactivation rate of k = 0.24 ± 0.07 min-1 and the resistant one (6 %) with k = 0.11 ± 0.05 min-1. Total coliform photolytic disinfection also shows two populations with different physiological state. The time required to reduce the first logarithmic decimal cycle of the different types of bacteria (physiological states) are δ1 = 4.2 ± 0.9 and δ2 = 8.3 ± 1.1 minutes respectively. For fecal coliform photolytic disinfection only bacteria population, with k = 1.15 ± 0.19 min-1, is found. The results obtained confirm the photolytic disinfection processes and maturation lagoon are effective systems for Clostridia bacteria removal after water treatment by nature-based systems. Total removal of coliform bacteria is not achieved by maturation lagoons but their reduction is significant using low doses of cumulative radiation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document