scholarly journals Female Leadership in the Local Governments: Reconstruction of Traditional Gender Identity of Women in Rural Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-39
Author(s):  
Mumita Tanjeela
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Female Leadership ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Female Leaders ◽  
Study Approach

The local government bodies of Bangladesh have always been dominated and controlled by men––the traditional power holders. Bangladeshi rural women are mostly confined to household chores and engaged in subsistence agricultural activities due to the patriarchal social system and a rigid gender division of labour. Moreover, women’s lives are controlled by cultural and religious gender norms which limit their mobility in public spaces and political participation. Hence, women’s participation in local government has always been a symbol of tokenism up until the introduction of a direct election system for women. Given this context, this study explores how Bangladeshi rural women have proved themselves to be the change-makers in the rural society and what influencing factors supported them in reconstructing their traditional gender identities despite social and structural constraints. The study was conducted through a qualitative inquiry by adopting a case study approach. Data and information for the study were collected through 12 in-depth (IDI) interviews of elected female Union Parishads (lowest local administrative unit) (UP) chairpersons, UP members and Upazila (subdistrict local administration council) female vice chairpersons along with four focus group discussions and five key informant interviews from four selected districts of Bangladesh. This study concluded that these female leaders are enormously motivated and committed to reshaping their traditional gender identity and altering unequal gender power relations that predominantly factor in the rural social fabric of Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Memperkuat Peran Pemerintah Daerah: Mengelola Pariwisata Lokal Yang Berkelanjutan

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
I Gede Eko Putra Sri Sentanu ◽  
Mahadiansar
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Tourism Governance

Tourism governance will have an impact on the environment, which is controlled by local governments. The development of the tourism sector is essential to improve the welfare of the community and the regional economy. Strengthening the role of local government as a leading tourism sector in the region is considered to be able to encourage the creation of a collaboration between industries (actors) to manage sustainable local tourism. This paper was written to find out how far the role of local government is and how relations between sectors (actors) are in managing sustainable regional tourism. This study uses a literature study approach, with documentation data collection techniques derived from the study of several reputable journals, books, and other secondary sources that are relevant to this research. The data analysis technique is content analysis. In tourism management, the role is not only done by one party but all supporting aspects and involved in the framework of creating orchestration and ensuring the quality of activities, facilities, services, and to create experiences and value of tourism benefits to provide benefits to the community and the environment. These will be able to encourage the tourism system through the optimization of roles and collaboration between business, government, society, academics, and media.

scholarly journals Local Government Reforms in Korea: A Transition from a Marionette Performance toward an Elementary Class Day

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Dalgon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Local Autonomy ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Coordination System ◽  
Government Reforms

This paper deals with the recent reform-oriented measures in the area of national local policies. The just begun local autonomy in Korea now faces opportunities as well as serious challenges. The new developments are divided into four categories: 1) local politics and autonomy; 2) recent consolidation of local governments; 3) distribution of Government functions ; and 4) financial arrangement. The first section involves difficulties of independent local politics and local autonomy under strong culture of centralism. Local political elites are basically dependent upon the national politicians and the nomination as a candidate for local position is directly influenced by the central political machinery and national politicians. The last local election was severely hurt by national political issues. In addition, local animosities among several regions helped turn the political arrangement back to the old one, furthering the dependency of local politics. Nevertheless, it is evident that a new climate for autonomous governance in local society becomes high-spirited. The second section discusses the strength and weakness of the recent consolidation measures of local government which has been carried out nationwide. Majority of the lower - tier (basic) local governments' boundary have been expanded resulting in 230 local governments in number from 265. The upper-tier (widearea) local governments, whose number is 15, has readjusted their specific boundaries only. It may be claimed to facilitate managerial economies but technical efficiencies of specific local service delivery cannot be improved easily. To the worse, the consolidation cannot guarantee the healthy growth of local democracy. The third section deals with the bureaucratic struggle of government task redistribution after the introduction of local autonomy system. Because there is no clear principle of the division of labour between the three tiers of governments, bureaucratic politics takes larger share of the redistribution game. Although some tasks as been transferred to the local governments, the process seems very slow and the structure is not favorable to the local governments which are in weak position in the tug of war. The last section discusses the recent developments in the area of local tax, central-local financial coordination system in terms of central-local configuration. There are many skeptics who doubt whether local governments will have access to the administrative talents and financial resources essential to run the affairs of the country in truly decentralized way. In fact, there are relatively serious weaknesses in the financial management competence of local government officials. Decentralization advocates, however, assert that local financial resources should be expanded from the present 55% of total government sector money so that local governments carry out their present functions and tasks sufficiently.

Thinking paradoxically: How and when female narcissistic leaders integrate gender–leader identities

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-352
Author(s):  
Lu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Female Leadership ◽  
Female Leaders ◽  
Identity Integration ◽  
Leader Identity ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Paradox Theory ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Practical Implications

I focused in this research on how and when female leaders' narcissism facilitates gender–leader identity integration. Drawing upon paradox theory, I examined whether or not female leaders' narcissism was positively related to identity integration, and if this positive relationship was strengthened by leader humility. I also applied a self-affirmation perspective to determine whether or not female leaders' narcissism facilitated identity integration by promoting positivity in leader identity. Finally, I applied paradox theory to examine whether or not female leaders' positivity in leader identity was positively related to identity integration, and, if it was, whether or not this positive effect was strengthened by positivity in gender identity. The proposed model was supported by data obtained from a sample of 248 Chinese female managers and their 534 immediate subordinates. I discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these results in the context of narcissism, humility, identity integration, and female leadership.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Rural Women Participation and Efforts Towards Sustainable Agricultural Development in Ikenne Local Government (2016 – 2020)

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-158
Author(s):  
Alexander C. Ugwukah ◽  
Sarah M. Audu
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
A Chain

This paper highlighted that rural women play pivotal roles in agricultural and rural development, even much more than their male counterparts. Although not denying the supportive roles of the men in attaining their production goals, the work explores rural women’s participation in agricultural productive activities such as planting the seedlings, weeding, and interval intercultural operation of the crops. The objective of these studies was to assess the extent to which rural women in the Ikenne Local Government were involved in the productive efforts of two major agricultural produce – Ugu vegetable (pumpkin vegetables) and the corn seedlings in various farms locations. This study focused on the role of women working with full passion in the production of these crops right from the soil preparation through tillage, local manur styles till it is harvested and further into the marketing and storage of these crops for the next planting season; a chain of productive forces just to make ends meet and to sustain their families. For this study, two villages/towns Ilishan-Remo and Ikenne-Remo were selected according to their experiences on these crops and for their proximity to the university and convenience of the research. Results accessed showed formal training on the production of these crops and management. From the overall studies, it was assumed that the maximum percentage of the farmers of these regions adopted indigenous knowledge for the cultivation of these crops including all cultural practices for raising the crops as well as in the post-harvest marketing activities also. The paper through its findings stressed that the public, private sectors, and NGOs in both local governments need to introduce diversity management programs in order to reduce the poverty levels of these rural women in agricultural production. The concluding section of the work recommends some policies that would stimulate these determined producers to such levels that could enable them to grow into big-time farmers and be able to contribute meaningfully to their communities and beyond.

scholarly journals INFLUENCING FACTORS OF INNOVATION IN SURAKARTA CITY GOVERNMENT, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-257
Author(s):  
Perdani Budiarti Hayuningtyas ◽  
Jun Matsunami ◽  
Bakti Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Visionary Leadership ◽  
City Government ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Public Sector Innovation ◽  
Bureaucratic Reform

After the fall of the New Order regime in 1998, Indonesia changed from a centralized government system to decentralization. By the issuance of Grand Design of Bureaucratic Reform Year 2010-2025 in 2010, public sector innovation cannot be neglected due to the needs for new, innovative, adaptive, and entrepreneurial approaches to bureaucratic reform. Many innovations have been produced in local government to improve their performance. Surakarta City Government is recognized as an innovative city, produce innovative programs, often become examples of good practice in public sector innovation, and appointed as Innovation Laboratory in 2017. This study aims to describe public sector innovation in Surakarta City Government and what factors influencing it. The study was conducted using qualitative research methods with a case study approach and collecting data from interviews and document analysis. The findings of this study reveal that most of the public sector innovation in Surakarta City are ICT based innovation and provides benefits in improving the performance of local governments. Even though there is shifting leadership, the visionary leadership supported by upper-middle managers still plays a crucial role in encouraging innovation in local government, followed by supportive regulations from both central and local government, as well as participation and strong cooperation between sectors. Further, this study draws some recommendations to create an integrated policy to strengthened, evaluate, and maintain the sustainability of public sector innovation in the local government. The local government may provide opportunities to collaborate with NGOs to create public sector innovation.

scholarly journals The roles of elected female members of reserved seats in union parishads :

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamima Akhter ◽  
Golam Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Adult Literacy ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Female Leadership ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Female Leaders ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Grass Root ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Grass Root Level

Union Parishad (UP) is the lowest tier of the Local Government of Bangladesh which bridges between people and government to ensure people’s participation in governance system. Therefore, from the last two decades government has been emphasizing on enhancing political emancipation of women in local government. To promote female leadership in grass-root level, Ministry of Local Government established a provision in the Local Government Act of reserving 3 (three) seats for women in UPs. This reformation enabled the female leaders to be elected in the UPs by a direct vote of the people. This research intends to explore the roles played by these elected female members of the studied UPs. It was conducted following a qualitative method and interview technique. Face to face interview has been taken from 45 female members of 15 UPs in Dhamrai Upazila, Dhaka with semi structured questionnaire. The study found that most of the respondents are contributing to development related project, social safety net program, controlling early marriage and dowry, family planning and female health-related program, awareness building of hygiene and sanitation, adult literacy etc. At the same time, it is found that significant numbers of the elected female members are not conscious about their responsibilities and even though they do not have any idea about UP manual. Finally, it revealed the obstacles in their workplaces, the challenges in their families, local societies, and recommended probable measures to overcome such situations. Besides, securing female leadership and active representations in the UPs can include the backward women in the mainstream of development and decision-making process which will undoubtedly contribute enormously to women empowerment.

scholarly journals Urban Disaster Management in Government Communication Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Jumansyah Jumansyah ◽  
Anwar Alaydrus ◽  
Budiman Budiman ◽  
Bebika Alamsyah
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Regional Governance ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Interactive Analysis ◽  
Government Communication ◽  
Urban Disaster

One indicator of the success of regional governance is the ability of local governments to provide security and comfort for people from natural and social disasters, thus through the authority and resources of the local government they are required to build horizontal and vertical communication in order to respond and provide alternative solutions to all potential disaster that can cause material or non-material loss to the community. Therefore, this study aims to explore disaster management in the perspective of government communication in Botang City. This study used a qualitative case study approach with interactive analysis, so it was found that government communication in Bontang City was built through territorial, program and business approaches. So that the community and the private sector are actively involved in the disaster management process through coordinated communication under the command of the local government. In addition, communication between the local government of Bontang City in disaster management is also continuously improved through active involvement of experts / experts, mass media, and community organizations / NGO / associations.

OPTIMALISASI PERAN PEMDA DALAM MENGATASI KENDALA PELAKSANAAN KONSERVASI KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI DI DAERAH (STUDI KASUS PROVINSI BENGKULU)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antung Deddy Radiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Conservation Policies

Gaps in biodiversity conservation management within the Conservation Area that are the responsibility of the central government and outside the Conservation Areas or as the Essential Ecosystems Area (EEA) which are the authority of the Regional Government, have caused various spatial conflicts between wildlife /wild plants and land management activities. Several obstacles faced by the Local Government to conduct its authority to manage (EEA), caused the number and area of EEA determined by the Local Government to be still low. At present only 703,000 ha are determined from the 67 million ha indicated by EEA. This study aims to overview biodiversity conservation policies by local governments and company perceptions in implementing conservation policies and formulate strategies for optimizing the role of Local Governments. From the results of this study, there has not been found any legal umbrella for the implementation of Law number 23/ 2014 related to the conservation of important ecosystems in the regions. This regulatory vacuum leaves the local government in a dilemma for continuing various conservation programs. By using a SWOT to the internal strategic environment and external stratetegic environment of the Environment and Forestry Service, Bengkulu Province , as well as using an analysis of company perceptions of the conservation policies regulatary , this study has been formulated a “survival strategy” through collaboration between the Central Government, Local Governments and the Private Sector to optimize the role of Local Government’s to establish EEA in the regions.Keywords: Management gaps, Essential Ecosystems Area (EEA), Conservation Areas, SWOT analysis and perception analysis

Entrepreneurship Management at the Local Government Level: The Experience of the Cities for Entrepreneurs Program

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 388-407
Author(s):  
Patricio Gigli ◽  
◽  
Donatela Orsi ◽  
Marisel Martín Aramburú ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
National Level ◽  
Development Issue ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Local Government Level ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Government Level

This paper aims at describing the experience of the Cities for Entrepreneurs Program (Ciudades para Emprender or CPE) of the National Directorate of Community and Human Capital (which belongs to the SEPYME), National Ministry of Production. This paper starts from the premise that entrepreneurship takes place at the most micro level of the offer and, therefore, is a concept associated with the characteristics of the environment closest to that offer: the local territory. However, there is little history in the country of public policies relating the issue of entrepreneurship with the local management. That is why we take as a starting point the conceptualization of the chosen framework: local governments and the development issue, seen from the perspective of entrepreneurships. Moreover, an overview is given on the structural characteristics of municipalities in Argentina. In addition, some international experiences and attempts to promote entrepreneurship at a national level are analyzed. Finally, the Cities for Entrepreneurs Program (CPE) is outlined, based on a summary of the diagnoses of the Entrepreneurial Ecosystems of the selected cities and the tools used and their execution status at the time of publication of this paper.

A Real Or a Marginal Trend in Participatory Budgets in Local Governments

e-Finanse ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Beata Zofia Filipiak ◽  
Marek Dylewski
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Public Funds ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Participatory Budget

AbstractThe purpose of the article is analysis of participatory budgets as a tool for shaping decisions of local communities on the use of public funds. The authors ask the question of whether the current practice of using the participatory budget is actually a growing trend in local government finances or, after the initial euphoria resulting from participation, society ceased to notice the real possibilities of influencing the directions of public expenditures as an opportunity to legislate public policies implemented. It is expected that the conducted research will allow us to evaluate the participatory budget and indicate whether this tool practically acts as a stimulus for changes in the scope of tasks under public policies. The authors analyzed and evaluated the announced competitions for projects as part of the procedure for elaborating participatory budgeting for selected LGUs. Then, they carried out an in-depth analysis of the data used to assess real social participation in the process of establishing social policies.

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