scholarly journals Development of Non-Woven Fabrics from Bamboo/Polypropylene Fibres and its Application in Personal Protective Equipment-A Review.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanchana Devi ◽  
Rajkumar G
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Barrier Material ◽  
Polypropylene Fibres ◽  
Bamboo Fibre ◽  
Affected Person ◽  
Made In

The important component of personal protective equipment is a mask. Mask is more important in a pandemic because it safeguards our life by stopping the spreading of the Coronavirus by entrapping the droplets from the corona affected person to enter into the wearer’s nose. Many types of masks are available such as non-woven mask, reusable mask, N95 mask and cloth mask etc. The majority of commercial masks are non-woven masks which are made up of polypropylene fibre. The main drawback of non-woven masks is their discomfort due to lack of breathability. This problem is solved by utilizing natural fibres as one of the raw material in non-woven and using them in the mask. Bamboo fibre is a natural celluloid fibre having good comfort properties with antimicrobial properties. Hence an attempt is made in this review article to examine the important properties of bamboo fibre and to evaluate its potential as a protective barrier material in non-woven face masks.

scholarly journals Decontamination methods of personal protective equipment for repeated utilization in medical/surgical settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (34) ◽  
pp. 27-39
Author(s):  
Abdurrahman Kharbat ◽  
Adin Mizer ◽  
Mimi Zumwalt
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Policy Statements ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
N95 Respirators ◽  
Made In

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected citizens and healthcare workers worldwide due to a number of important factors. The transmission of the SARS CoV-2 microorganism, the pathogen that causes COVID-19 infection, occurs through droplet and aerosol spread due to coughs and sneezes from infected patients. A panicked public began hoarding medical supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE), leaving healthcare workers to care for patients without adequate protection. A literature review was conducted to better understand the options available to hospital and healthcare system administrators as they develop necessary protocols for the conservation and possible reuse of PPE. This review is based upon the peer-reviewed studies of various scientific investigators, biotechnology researchers, governmental agency health officials, including meta-analyses, preliminary/pilot studies, and policy statements. Current findings indicate that extended usage of N95 respirators is practical since there are methods available for the decontamination/repeated use of N95 respirators. In evaluating the efficacy of such methods, the safety of healthcare workers is important in deciding which method to recommend. Available evidence supports the use of the Bioquell Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor (HPV) system for decontaminating N95 respirators. Information on other PPE will also be discussed about more specific items. Informed decisions regarding the policies of hospitals and healthcare systems must be considered, and with the safety of healthcare workers in mind, both factors influenced the recommendations made in this comprehensive review.

Determination of the Del Zone in Tearing of Textiles Using an Ancient Chinese Algorithm

2013 ◽  
Vol 796 ◽  
pp. 183-186
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Tian Tian Li ◽  
Ji Huan He
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Constant Force ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Stress Curve ◽  
Strain Stress ◽  
Textile Product

Resistance of tear is an important characteristic of textile materials, especially for fabrics used for personal protective equipment. In this study, a constant force is applied to tear the fabric specimens to obtain the del-zone theoretically. The strain-stress curve for a single yarn is obtained from experiment, and the del-zone is determined by an ancient Chinese algorithm. This combination of ancient Chinese algorithm and actual tearing behavior of woven fabrics provides a noval analysis approach of tearing performance of textile product theoretically.

scholarly journals Decontamination Interventions for the Reuse of Surgical Mask Personal Protective Equipment: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J Zorko ◽  
Shira Gertsman ◽  
Katie O'Hearn ◽  
Nicholas Timmerman ◽  
Nasser Ambu-Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Surgical Masks ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Citation Screening

Background: The high demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) during the novel coronavirus outbreak has created global shortages and prompted the need to develop strategies to conserve supply. Surgical mask PPE have a broad application of use in a pandemic setting, but little is known regarding decontamination interventions to allow for their reuse. Objective: Identify and synthesize data from original published studies evaluating interventions to decontaminate surgical masks for the purpose of reuse. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Global Health, the WHO COVID-19 database, Google Scholar, DisasterLit, preprint servers, and prominent journals from inception to April 8, 2020 for prospective original research on decontamination interventions for surgical mask PPE. Citation screening was conducted independently in duplicate. Study characteristics, interventions, and outcomes were extracted from included studies by two independent reviewers. Outcomes of interest included impact of decontamination interventions on surgical mask performance and germicidal effects. Results: Seven studies met eligibility criteria: one evaluated the effects of heat and chemical decontamination interventions applied after mask use on mask performance, and six evaluated interventions applied prior to mask use to enhance antimicrobial properties and/or mask performance. Mask performance and germicidal effects were both evaluated in heterogenous test conditions across a variety of mask samples (whole masks and pieces or individual mask layers). Safety outcomes were infrequently evaluated. Mask performance was best preserved with dry heat decontamination. Germicidal effects were best in salt-, N-halamine- and nanoparticle-coated masks. Conclusion: There is limited evidence on the safety or efficacy of surgical mask decontamination. Given the heterogenous methods used in the studies to date, we are unable to draw conclusions on the most appropriate, safest intervention(s) for decontaminating surgical masks for the purpose of reuse.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA PADA LABORATORIUM KONSTRUKSI SIPIL POLITEKNIK NEGERI MANADO

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syanne Pangemanan ◽  
Tampanatu P. F. Sompie
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Achievement Score ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Head Of Department ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACTThe implementation of safety and work will create a good maintenance of labor. This study aims to determine the application of OSH at the Civil Construction Laboratory. This research is descriptive research with quantitative approach. Data collection using questionnaires, documentation and interviews. And the subjects of the study were divided into 4 groups; 1) Head of Department and Head of Laboratory, 2) Lecturer of Laboratory, 3) Technician and 4) Students who followed the practice in Civil Construction Laboratories. Data analysis is presented in the form of graph and table in the form of percentage of achievement score. Based on the results of the achievement of indicators in the application of OSH in the Laboratory of Civil Construction is achieved 26.43% into the category less good, because in the implementation of OSH is not good enough so it needs improvement in OSH implementation. Obstacles that affect the application of OSH is the lack of awareness of The Department Leaders, Heads of Laboratories and Technicalists and Students of the importance of OSH. The absence of a special team that handles OSH and the unavailability of OSH support equipment. Efforts are made in overcoming the obstacles that is to form a special team that handles OSH. There are always directives and appeals to the students of the importance of OSH and the availability of OSH support tools such as laws and regulations, symbols OSH and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).Key words : OSH, obstacles, countermeasuresABSTRAKPenerapan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja akan menciptakan terwujudnya pemeliharaan tenaga kerja yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) di Laboratorium Konstruksi Sipil. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Dan subyek penelitian dibagi dalam 4 kelompok yaitu: 1) Pimpinan Jurusan dan Kepala Laboratorium, 2) Dosen Pengajar Laboratorium, 3) Teknisi dan 4) Mahasiswa yang mengikuti praktek pada Laboratorium Konstruksi Sipil. Analisis data disajikan dalam bentuk grafik dan tabel yang berupa presentase skor ketercapaian. Berdasarkan hasil ketercapaian indikator dalam penerapan Keselamatan dan kesehatan Kerja di Laboratorium Konstruksi Sipil yaitu tercapai 26.43% masuk kedalam ketegori kurang baik. Karena dalam penerapan K3 tercapai kurang baik maka perlu peningkatan dalam penerapan K3. Hambatan-hambatan yang mempengaruhi penerapan K3 yaitu kurangnya kesadaran dari Pimpinan Jurusan, Kepala Laboratorium dan Teknisi serta Mahasiswa akan pentingnya K3, tidak adanya tim khusus yang menangani K3 serta tidak tersedianya alat-alat penunjang K3. Upaya yang dilakukan dalam mengatasi hambatan yaitu dengan membentuk tim khusus yang menangani K3, selalu ada arahan dan himbauan kepada mahasiswa akan pentingnya K3 dan ketersediaan alat-alat penunjang K3 seperti undang-undang dan peraturan, simbol-simbol K3 dan APD.Kata kunci : K3, hambatan, upaya penanggulangan

Possible Opportunities in Face Mask Manufacturing During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-113
Author(s):  
Debesh Mishra ◽  
Hullash Chauhan ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Mishra ◽  
Suchismita Satapathy
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Made In

COVID-19 has been primarily regarded as a respiratory disease, and until a safer and effective treatment or vaccine becomes available, the prevention of COVID-19 may continue through interventions based on non-pharmaceutical measures such as maintaining of physical distances and use of personal protective equipment like facemasks, etc. Therefore, an attempt was made in this study to explore the drawbacks with the presently available facemasks for protection from COVID-19 viruses in the state of Odisha in India, and also to explore the possible opportunities for further development of these facemasks. The associated discomforts; strength, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis of existing facemasks in Odisha; possible opportunities for “Make in India” of these facemasks; along with safer use have been analyzed with the help of interpretive structural modelling (ISM) approach followed by MICMAC analysis.

scholarly journals Advanced Functional Materials for Intelligent Thermoregulation in Personal Protective Equipment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Saidi ◽  
Chantal Gauvin ◽  
Safa Ladhari ◽  
Phuong Nguyen -Tri
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Physical Hazards ◽  
Current State ◽  
Smart Textile ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Made In

The exposure to extreme temperatures in workplaces involves physical hazards for workers. A poorly acclimated worker may have lower performance and vigilance and may therefore be more exposed to accidents and injuries. Due to the incompatibility of the existing standards implemented in some workplaces and the lack of thermoregulation in many protective equipment, thermal stress remains one of the most frequent physical hazards in many work sectors. However, many of these problems can be overcome with the use of smart textile technologies that enable intelligent thermoregulation in personal protective equipment. Smart textiles can detect, react and adapt to many external stimuli. Interconnected sensors and actuators that interact and react to existing risks can provide the wearer with increased safety, protection and comfort. Thus, the skills of smart protective equipment can contribute to the reduction of errors and the number and severity of accidents in the workplace, and thus promote improved performance, efficiency and productivity.This review provides an overview and opinions of authors on the current state of knowledge on these types of technologies by reviewing and discussing the state of the art of commercially available systems and the advances made in previous research works.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF NON-WOVEN FILTER FOR 3 LAYER MASK FROM BAMBOO/POLYPROPYLENE FIBERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Kanchana Devi S ◽  
Rajkumar G
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Bamboo Fiber ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Barrier Material ◽  
Affected Person ◽  
Blend Ratios

The necessary element of non-public protecting instrumentation is mask. Mask is most necessary in pandemic as a result it safeguard our life by stopping the spreading of the Corona virus by entrapping the droplets from the corona affected person to enter wearer’s nose. There are different typed of mask like non- woven mask, reusable mask, N95 mask and artifact mask etc. Majority of business masks are non-woven masks that are created from polypropylene fiber. The most downside of non-woven masks is its discomfort and affect lack of breathability. This drawback is solved by utilizing natural fibers collectively of the material in non-woven and victimization them in mask. Bamboo fiber may be a natural celluloid fiber having smart comfort properties with antimicrobial properties. Bamboo fiber is also hydroscopic, natural deodorizer and hypoallergenic which provides good breathability and comfort. The polypropylene fiber is used with bamboo to provide good strength and abrasion property. Hence an attempt is made to develop a surgical mask from bamboo fiber with different blend ratios of 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50 of Bamboo and Polypropylene fiber to judge its mechanical properties like GSM and thickness potential as a protecting barrier material in non-woven face masks. The developed non-woven fabric of different blend is compared with each other, and the results shows 50: 50 blend has good mechanical properties, and the results show an effective value of Bacterial Filtration efficiency and Differential Pressure which are the most important parameters to predict the filtration efficiency of a surgical mask.

scholarly journals Perspectives COVID-19 and PPE in context: an interview with China

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-482
Author(s):  
Jessica Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Made In

Abstract The author aims to depict the current COVID-19 pandemic and personal protective equipment (PPE) crisis in the UK. The current situation is put into context exploring the history of global outbreaks of infectious disease and what has been learnt. These lessons are then applied and weighed against the recent response to coronavirus. An in depth interview with a UK biomedical SME based in Shanghai, China is reported in order to inform future procurement of PPE. It is hoped that an appreciation of the dynamic nature of the market will allow adaptations to be made in order to secure reliable supply chains moving forwards.

scholarly journals Review of Coveralls, Gowns, and their Use as Part of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE KIT) for Effective Protection of Healthcare Workers in India in COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raag Setia ◽  
Anita Kamra Verma
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Test Standards ◽  
Public Health Professionals ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Control Functional

Healthcare Workers (HCWs) and public health professionals are playing a pivotal role in containing COVID-19. Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs) are a critical component in the hierarchy of primary infection controls to ‘break the chain of infection’ to protect patients, HCW’s, and public. As SARS-CoV-2 is highly contagious, and vaccine and prophylactics not yet available, understanding correct PPE usage is imperative. This study aims to: understand purpose, use, and quality standards of body-coveralls and gowns and how to use PPE’s for effective protection in COVID 19 in India. Types of PPE’s in healthcare, their purposes, materials used, and properties were reviewed. Gowns and Body-coveralls classification and standards in Europe, USA and India were studied.  While current stipulated test standards for coveralls in India are lower, as routine use of reusable gowns made of woven fabrics is more common in India, one could hypothesize that these coveralls provide a higher level of protection. As per current understanding of mode(s) of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 a properly fitted N95 respirator; goggles and splash resistant face shield; gloves; and single-use full body-coverall/gown preferably resistant to Synthetic Blood Penetration under pressure and made of non-woven Laminated SMS (Spunbond-Meltblown-Spunbond)_or Non Laminated SSMMS fabrics are advisable depending upon anticipated level of exposure. HCW’s should educated about transmission risks, correct principles of infection control, functional purpose of PPE’s and must be conscious that PPE’s alone will not protect them.  They must follow good practices of how to wear (don) and how to remove (doff) and ensure that they do not inadvertently contaminate their clothing/skin and self-inoculate.

Impact of COVID-19 on Nuclear Medicine in Germany, Austria and Switzerland: An International Survey in April 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (04) ◽  
pp. 294-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutz S. Freudenberg ◽  
Ulf Dittmer ◽  
Ken Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Public Versus Private ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Preparations of health systems to accommodate large number of severely ill COVID-19 patients in March/April 2020 has a significant impact on nuclear medicine departments. Materials and Methods A web-based questionnaire was designed to differentiate the impact of the pandemic on inpatient and outpatient nuclear medicine operations and on public versus private health systems, respectively. Questions were addressing the following issues: impact on nuclear medicine diagnostics and therapy, use of recommendations, personal protective equipment, and organizational adaptations. The survey was available for 6 days and closed on April 20, 2020. Results 113 complete responses were recorded. Nearly all participants (97 %) report a decline of nuclear medicine diagnostic procedures. The mean reduction in the last three weeks for PET/CT, scintigraphies of bone, myocardium, lung thyroid, sentinel lymph-node are –14.4 %, –47.2 %, –47.5 %, –40.7 %, –58.4 %, and –25.2 % respectively. Furthermore, 76 % of the participants report a reduction in therapies especially for benign thyroid disease (-41.8 %) and radiosynoviorthesis (–53.8 %) while tumor therapies remained mainly stable. 48 % of the participants report a shortage of personal protective equipment. Conclusions Nuclear medicine services are notably reduced 3 weeks after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic reached Germany, Austria and Switzerland on a large scale. We must be aware that the current crisis will also have a significant economic impact on the healthcare system. As the survey cannot adapt to daily dynamic changes in priorities, it serves as a first snapshot requiring follow-up studies and comparisons with other countries and regions.

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