scholarly journals Chemical Coagulation: An Effective Treatment Technique for Industrial Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 508-516
Author(s):  
Aijaz Ali PANHWAR ◽  
Aftab KANDHRO ◽  
Sofia QAİSAR ◽  
Mudasir GORAR ◽  
Eidal SARGANİ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Chemical Coagulation ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Production Requirement

Industrial sector is a backbone of the economy throughout the world. Despite that there are a lot of benefits; such as development of urbanization, major contributor in economy’s growth is sign of industrial development. There are a lot of adverse effects on environment including depletion and damage of our natural and precious resources. Textile, cement, paper and pulp, sugarcane, food, pharmaceuticals, chemical, paint and other industries are largest consumers of the freshwater; for meeting the requirements of industrial production requirement for the industrial sector for their production. As a result the discharged huge amount of water in form of highly polluted water, this is a great threat to our ecosystem. The unplanned industrialization is a prime responsible for degradation of environment. If industrial wastewater is not properly treated instantly, it may create foulest and septic conditions in adjacent parts of the industrial areas. The discharges acute poisonous wastewater by different industries is responsible for reduction of penetration in crops, and severely affects aquatic life. There are many treatment techniques such as coagulation, adsorption, membrane, biological etc. by different research studies disclosed that coagulation with different chemicals alum, ferric chloride, lime, PACl, PVA and ferrous sulphate are very effective for remove of pollution. The industrial wastewater creates several problems such as health problems, aquatic life including water pollution. In this paper reviews the chemical coagulation treatment technologies for industrial wastewater.

INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT TODAY AND TOMORROW

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Pols ◽  
G. H. Harmsen
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Physical Treatment ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Multi Criteria Analysis ◽  
Made In

The way we treat our wastewater nowadays is not always favourable for improving the quality of our environment. Indeed, the quality of the surface waters has increased by the high investments we have made in our treatment facilities, but it cannot be denied that these same facilities have a major impact on other environmental issues. From ibis point of view the question is raised as to which treatment techniques are favourable not only for the water phase, but also from the viewpoint of energy, waste production and renewal of resources. Over thirty techniques, all of them chemical/physical treatment techniques, have been reviewed, especially for the treatment of industrial wastewaters. More importantly, these techniques have been analysed thoroughly in a multi-criteria-analysis, not only for their environmental impacts, but also on criteria influencing the implementation of these techniques. From ibis multi-criteria-analysis the most favourable treatment technique to be developed and implemented may be chosen.

MIDC Role in Infrastructural Development in Navi Mumbai

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant H. Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Industrial Areas ◽  
Industrial Estates ◽  
Development Corporation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Industrial Development Corporation

The BID (Board of Industrial Development) framed the legislation and it was introduced before the state legislation and passed in the form of Maharashtra Industrial Act which gave birth to Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC), as a separate corporation on August 1, 1962. The BID was the first personnel strength of MIDC. A small ceremony at Wagle Estate Thane, under the Chairmanship of the Chief Minister Shri Y.B. Chavan, marked the birth of MIDC on August 1, 1962. The Board of Industrial Development during its existence between October 1, 1960 and August 1, 1962 has done enough spade work to identify the locations for setting up industrial areas in different parts of the state. Thus, right in the first year of establishment MIDC came up with 14 industrial areas, to initiate action for infrastructure and help entrepreneurs set up the industrial units in those areas. Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation is the nodal industrial infrastructure development agency of the Maharashtra Government with the basic objective of setting up industrial areas with a provision of industrial infrastructure all over the state for planned and systematic industrial development. MIDC is an innovative, professionally managed, and user friendly organization that provides the world industrial infrastructure. MIDC has played a vital role in the development of industrial infrastructure in the state of Maharashtra. As the state steps into the next millennium, MIDC lives up to its motto Udyamat Sakal Samruddhi i.e., prosperity to all through industrialization. Indeed, in the endeavor of the state to retain its prime position in the industrial sector, MIDC has played a pivotal role in the last 35 years. MIDC has developed 268 industrial estates across the state which spread over 52653 hectares of land. The growth of the Corporation, achieved in the various fields, during the last three years, could be gauged from the fact that the area currently in possession of MIDC has doubled from 25,000 hectares in 1995.

scholarly journals Removal of Toxic Elements and Microbial Contaminants from Groundwater Using Low-Cost Treatment Options

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana A. Da’ana ◽  
Nabil Zouari ◽  
Mohammad Y. Ashfaq ◽  
Mohammed Abu-Dieyeh ◽  
Majeda Khraisheh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Groundwater Treatment ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Cost Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Microbial Contaminants

Abstract Purpose of Review This paper reviews various low-cost treatment techniques such as adsorption, permeable reactive barrier, and biological techniques for the simultaneous removal of chemical and microbial contaminants from groundwater and discusses treatment mechanisms of different treatment techniques. This paper also discusses the challenges of groundwater treatment, how to choose the appropriate treatment technique, and cost analysis of groundwater treatment. Recent Findings Various treatment technologies have been used for the treatment of groundwater: physical, chemical, and biological technologies with different success rates. In the literature, various adsorbents have been successfully synthesized from low-cost and environmentally friendly materials. Adsorption is considered an efficient treatment technique for the removal of both toxic elements and pathogens by utilizing different adsorbents. For example, the nanostructures of MgO with a BET surface area of up to 171 m2/g obtained a very high adsorption capacity of 29,131 mg/g for fluoride ions in water, while the incorporation of iron in activated carbon has improved its adsorption capacity to 51.3 mg/g for arsenic. Moreover, certain adsorbents have shown the capability to remove 99% of the rotavirus and adenovirus from groundwater. Summary Groundwater resources are contaminated with toxic metals and pathogens. Therefore, water treatment technologies should be evaluated for their efficiency to remove such contaminants. Determination of the most cost-effective and efficient treatment technique is not an easy task and requires the understanding of various aspects such as the contaminants present in water, the reuse options considered, and cost analysis of the treatment technique.

Introduction of Flexible Manufacturing Systems as a Necessary Measure for the Russian Industrial Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 957 ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Gromova
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Manufacturing ◽  
Flexible Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
Agile Manufacturing ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Industrial Enterprises

With the onset of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the business environment becomes inherent in changes that occur with maximum speed, as well as characterized by the systemic nature of the consequences. One of them is the transformation of operational management models in industrial enterprises. The modern manufacturing system should focus not only on speed of response and flexibility, but also on the cost and quality of products. Integration of effective models: agile manufacturing, quick response manufacturing and lean production, in order to extract the best from them is proposed. The purpose of this study is to analyze this flexible manufacturing system and to relate it to the current state of the Russian industrial development. Theoretical and practical aspects of this model are presented. The examples of the flexible models introduction in the Russian industrial sector is allocated. The conclusion about the necessity of the flexible manufacturing systems implementation for the Russian industrial development is drawn.

Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in a Developing Country Context: Evidence at the Firm Level from Ecuador

2018 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 1750005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Zapata
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Local Conditions

Wastewater reuse constitutes an alternative supply source of water. It not only increases the amount of water available but also reduces water pollution. The benefits and costs of this practice, and the public perception of reuse are the focus of several studies. However, the evidence on industrial wastewater reuse at the firm level remains scant. This paper is aimed at filling this gap by presenting evidence on the determinants of both wastewater treatment and reuse practices in a developing country context. I use firm level data from the Survey on Firms’ Environmental Practices of Ecuador. My results show that wastewater management in general, and reuse in particular, are still limited practices in the industrial sector of the country. My results suggest that firm’s decisions to treat and reuse depends on long-term firm’s characteristics, such as annual investment, the nature of the production process and local conditions, as well as the scale of production and water consumption. Volumes of wastewater treated and reused depend positively on the amount of water used in the production process and the firm’s annual level of investment or expenditure. The cost of the practice only affects the volume treated. The results suggest that targeting water-intensive industry sectors and the costs of wastewater treatment can play an important role for a more sustainable use of water in the industrial sector of Ecuador.

Regional Industrial Development under Liberal Economic Regime in Punjab

2021 ◽  
pp. 339-349
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
National Level ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Industrial Restructuring ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Secondary Information ◽  
Economic Regime

The objective of this study was two-fold, firstly, it analysed industrial development trends and deceleration across major Indian states since 1980-81 and, investigated industrial development in Punjab, a mineral resources deprived and a land-locked state. It was important as the policy changed at the national level in 1991 and removed various benefits for industrial development in mineralresources deprived regions and economically backward regions. To analyse the objective, both primary as well as secondary information was used. Findings of the study highlighted that industrial restructuring took place across major states in India during 1980-81 to 2017-18. In general, economically poor states and mineral resources deprived states witnessed the deceleration of the industrial sector. The position of the industrial sector in Punjab declined as compared to other states and compared to its past. The discussions with various stakeholders, including sampled industrial units, representatives of industrial associations, etc., highlighted various economic and non-economic factors behind the ongoing industrial deceleration in Punjab.

Persistent Structures in a Turbulent World: The Division of Labor in the German Chemical Industry

10.1068/c9866 ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Bathelt
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Customer Relations ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
Mode Of Development

Since the late 1980s, various scholars have concluded that a recovery from the Fordist crisis will require that rigid Fordist practices and structures in the industrial sector be replaced by flexible ones. The mode of development to follow, often referred to as a post-Fordist or after-Fordist mode, is often assumed to be characterized by flexibility in technologies, labor, and production processes. Aside from idealistic scenarios and limited empirical findings, relatively little is known about the product, process, and linkage structures which will lead to a new mode of development. The degree to which flexibility processes will be influential is also unclear. It is within this context that I try to provide new insights into the changing nature of industrial production and the social and technical division of labor, with the aid of results from a recent study of the German chemical industry (basic chemicals; pigments, dyes, paints, varnishes; and pharmaceuticals). Using a postal survey of 155 German chemical firms and 18 firm case studies, I investigate how firms have adjusted their product and process configurations and their supplier relations and customer relations to meet the changing technological, economic, and societal settings. According to my analysis, it seems unlikely that industrial development will follow a single growth trajectory towards flexibility. Increases in flexibility in products and processes are often only subordinate goals, or are not considered necessary. I describe how chemical firms benefit from spatial proximity to their supplier and customer bases. I also provide evidence that most firms rely on strategically important stable linkages within the short and middle distance.

scholarly journals OVERCOMING THE CONSEQUENCES OF UKRAINIAN MANUFACTURING DEINDUSTRIALIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Gakhovich ◽  
◽  
Oksana Kushnirenko ◽  
Liliia Venger ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Technological Leadership

In the paper, we investigate the main causes and consequences of de-industrialization manufacturing and identify important factors influencing the structural transformation of the industrial sector through the prism of global technological challenges. Important challenges identified include environmental challenges of the threatening impact of climate change, digitalization in all spheres of public life, the technological leadership of developed countries in context field of Industry 4.0, changes in the geopolitical landscape and trade conflicts between countries; migration and population aging; changes in competencies and retraining of employees to acquire digital skills; cybersecurity and volatility threats; quarantine amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The current structural imbalances of Ukrainian industrial development are considered and the current state and dynamics of structural changes in the Ukrainian economy in technological, reproduction, sectoral and foreign economic dimensions are analyzed. Crisis trends in the Ukrainian industry developed long before the start of the COVID-19 pandemic: comparing the structure of Ukrainian industry by type of economic activity, a decrease in the share of the manufacturing industry, a loss of production potential for a number of high-tech industries (automotive industry, instrument making, shipbuilding) and a decrease in added value in manufacturing industry with Ukraine's establishment as an independent state in which profound political, social and economic reforms have begun to take place. The analysis made it possible to determine further opportunities for industrial development, taking into account harmonization with European trends in digital and green transformations in industry. Based on the research results, complex directions for solving structural imbalances in industry at interrelated levels are proposed: state, regional and local levels. Overcoming the consequences of Ukrainian manufacturing deindustrialization in the context of European integration is dependent on developing and implementing relevant policy of manufacturing modernization and principles of the "circular economy"; integration into strategic value chains; creating conditions for training personnel with digital competencies; development of an innovative infrastructure – scientific, industrial, technological parks, innovation clusters and business-incubators. This will lead to the development and introduction of domestic innovation in production, which in turn should inspire further progress in the innovation structural transformation in Ukrainian economy and help to enhance national competitiveness and achieve sustained economic growth.

scholarly journals Treatment of Children with Chemical Burns of Esophagus with Various Etiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
A. E. Stryukovsky ◽  
V. A. Tarakanov ◽  
V. M. Starchenko ◽  
N. V. Pilipenko ◽  
V. M. Nadgeriev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Esophageal Stenosis ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Chemical Burns ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Treat Ment

Background At present continuous growth of pathology after chemical burns of the esophagus (CBE) in children is observed. The lack of uniform statistical infor-mation about this pathology in domestic and foreign literature considerably complicates studying of that nosology. The purpose of the present study is optimization of treat-ment techniques in children with chemical burns of the esophagus with various etiology and generalization of our own experience of treatment in this contin-gent of patients. Material and Methods We have analyzed treatment techniques in 147 children with CBE with various etiology and severity for last decade. The gen-eral method of diagnosis was esophago-gastroscopy performed within the first day of hospitalization. Endoscopic examination showed following stages of CBE: I stage in 36 patients, II stage in 67 cases and 44 patients had III stage. Results In children with I stage CBE erosive inflammatory process was controlled by conservative therapy in 10-14 days. This cohort of patients from 3-4 day of disease was considered outpatient. Patients with II stage CBE erosive inflammatory changes were treated by complex therapy on 21-23 day. There were surgical complications observed. Patients with III stage CBE referred in most severe condition. Length of conservative treatment for erosive inflammatory process was 1 month. In this group of patients we observed complications in 24 cases (16.3%) and bougienage was performed according to different techniques. Duration of bougienage varied from 3 to 24 months. Later on all children wereobserved out-patiently according to the place of residence. Conclusions Performed therapy should be complex and differentiated re-garding the severity of trauma. Complex treatment technique designed in our hospital is quite efficient and could be recommended for clinical application. All children suffered from CBE are to be followed up regularly. Preventive medical check-up should include endoscopic examination, once every three months to avoid possible esophageal stenosis development. Preventive treatment for esophagitis is mandatory during the period of preventive medical check-up.

Analysis and treatment of industrial wastewater through chemical coagulation-adsorption process-A case study of Clariant Pakistan limited

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Farman Ali Shah ◽  
Abdul Karim Shah ◽  
Ahmad Mehdi ◽  
Aziza Aftab Memon ◽  
Khanji Harijan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Chemical Coagulation
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